The battle of T) ay ton—the First Skirmish in the Evolution See ‘Pages 6 and 10. '§} ON WORLD EV A spineless cactus left to itself reverts to the old spines— and is a cactus still. So Burbank, “ the plant wizard,” with all his faith in evolution, has not overthrown God’s law that each species of plant shall produce “ after its kind.” Walter Hines Page wrote in 1914 of the sadness of British and European statesmen. What might he have said of the years since! But the believer in Jesus Christ is not sad these days. He lifts up his head with joy, for he knows that his redemption draws near. (Luke 21: 27-33.) In a religious pageant performed before the students of a leading normal college, the climax voiced the appeal: “Americanization is not enough; education is not enough; the cross of Christ is what the world is dying for. America, the hour strikes for you to fulfill your destiny of carrying the cross of Christ to the world.” But let it be the genuine cross of Christ — salvation through the blood of the Lamb — and not the crisscross of blended infidelity and paganism that passes in many modern churches. Bait for earthquakes are the great cities to-day, with their sky-piercing buildings, rabbit-warren homes, and canyon-like streets. With five hundred quakes within the past thirty years, many sections of the country are becoming accustomed to the earth rocking under their feet. And unheeding carelessness makes the peril all the greater. There is not a spot on earth which is free from the danger of earthquakes, There is no such thing as terra firma any more. Without being pessimistic, we give the warning that we live in a time of “earthquakes in divers places.” The only solid footing to-day is on the eternal word of God. “The East has lost confidence in the West,” says a learned and observant native of India. And hitherto the confidence and admiration of East for West has been the one binding tie that has held the two sections together in peace, and the buffer that has held them apart in war. Loss of confidence will wreck any and every relationship of mankind. And it is within the power of those who command respect either to lose or gain it. Jesus Christ, with His love of His enemies, impartiality, and consistency, enthroned in western hearts, will win the East when all else fails. But the world will not be won by hemispheres, or,sections, or races, or nations; but by an individual at a time from every area on earth. Marvelous feats are being achieved by medical science in finding cures and preventives for hitherto incurable diseases that have preyed upon mankind. Cancer is now under attack. Its cause has been discovered, and one step more will bring inoculation for its cure. Yet in spite of astounding remedial discoveries, diseases and deaths from disease increase continually. All power and success to physiological science in combating disease, and we cooperate heartily. But let none fail to see that the greatest cure of all goes back to the primary cause of ill-health, sin. With all their miracles, let surgery and medicine not neglect the most effective inoculation of all, the blood of Jesus Christ, which cleanses sin from the system. This do, and not leave the other undone. “War is a cruel necessity,” says a famous Italian statesman, Count Cippico, speaking recently at the Institute of Politics Willianistown, Mass. He emphasized the necessity of war, and scorned pacifism and peace schemes. He spoke the truth when he said: “If the League of Nations, or any other similar society, would hope one day to attain to that ideal of peace for which it has been created, it must, above all, aim at furthering the knowledge of international affairs among nations, besides improving the spiritual, intellectual, and economic conditions of humanity.” But the whole truth is that only the religion of Jesus Christ, and the message of His method of pacifying the world by a sudden cleansing by fire, will ever solve the problem of war and peace. Agreement between man and man and nation and nation will never bring peace, but agreement between man and God will. PAGE TWO A burlesque of a prayer closed the evening’s entertainment in a Yellowstone Park hotel recently. The day draws on apace when such burlesquers and their applauders will pray in earnest, but too late, in the prayer meeting John visioned in Rev. 6: 14-17. Uncovering Armageddon will be the self-appointed task of an archaeological expedition which is spon to begin digging in the battle-famous plain of Megiddo in Palestine. Armageddon of the past, with its hidden record of pitched battles galore and rich spoils captured, will be a remarkable field for study; but Armageddon of the future, the prophecy of which shines forth from the sacred page, interests us more, and should get more attention from the world. The past is profitable, the present is vital, the future is ominous to all except to those who know its promise and heed its warning. David was not beaten by Goliath when Mr. Bryan met Mr. Darrow at the Dayton trial and exchanged thrusts over evolution and the Bible. Israel is not on the run. The great Commoner fell in death soon after the battle, but the cause of anti-evolution and fundamentalism had not gauged its strength by his. His untimely fall will give place to many champions, all better armed and more careful than he, though not so famous. And the battle will not be fought by weapons wrested from the enemy, but by the sword of the Spirit of the living God, whom evolutionists and modernists have denied and defied. “The moral principle inherent in evolution is that nothing can be gained in this world without an effort,” says an eminent scientist. True enough! But what comfort is there in this for the one who has tried to be good and failed? Cruel are the tender mercies of the evolutionary philosophy to the discouraged, the down-trodden, the victims of evil inheritance or environment. But the person who “in Christ Jesus” has become “a new creation,” joyously makes an effort toward all things good, boasting, “I can do all things through Christ which strengtheneth me,” and acknowledging, “For it is God which worketh in you, both to will and to do of His good pleasure.” Have the mediums fled to Endor? Dr. J. Allen Gilbert, a Portland, Ore., physician, and undecided as to Spiritism, offers #500 to any spiritist who will reveal a password which he and his wife agreed on just before her death. She said if she returned in spirit she would give this password to identify her message. One hundred thirty-nine messages have come to him from the “spirit world,” but none have the correct password. It is a simple phrase, and is on record in sealed envelopes in a safe. He has roamed the world over, and no one can even read his own mind, where the knowledge of the password rests. But beware! Even if a medium or clairvoyant did reveal the secret, it would not prove Spiritism to be of God. The devil has some wily tricks to pull people over the line. He is past master at advertising. Evolutionists are saying that they can’t see why people will accept the conclusions of science on electricity, surgery, sanitation, communication, transportation, etc., and will not generally accept its conclusions on evolution. A strange question, yet since it was put forth by a great and influential scientist, it deserves an answer. Not all the tentative conclusions of science in the categories named are accepted; but those that the people have experimented with, proved to be facts, and applied to practical, everyday life, are accepted. For the same reason the theory of evolution is not accepted. Confessedly it is but a hypothesis, and while some facts fit into it, not all do, and there are many more facts about it yet to be found. It has only one phase which can be..applied to practical life; namely, growth, or development; but sincegrowth works in a circle always, and never on an ascending plane, as evolution must, it is no part of evolution. Entered as jerond-e/ass matter, January isy, 1909, at the post office at Nashville, Tenn., under Act of March J, t$79< h ^ Southern Publishing Association. Published.monthly (except October, when semi-monthly). Price 25 cents a copy,it .?$■ a year. THE WATCHMAN MAGAZINE 'Che NEWSPAPER for the NEWS €tie KOcttchmart / / ^ao£a,zirce 7 V An Interpret(gr^ the Tiin&$ Edited by LeRoy £dwin Froom and ‘Robert Bruce 'Churber 'Che WATCHMAN for the MEANING TJol. xxxiv, J^(o. g Nashville, Tennessee ig2$ Shall the STATE Teach The Hible contains the best code of morals in the world—Why not make its study compulsory in public schools?—Immorality is on the increase —Would enforced teaching of the Hible in state schools save the situation? RELIGION? W illiam F. Martin JMTf OT long since the writer of this article was riding with a gentleman, and our conversation turned to religious training for children. We agreed that children should be educated in religion. To neglect this training is to leave out the chief essential of true learning. From this point, our paths of thought diverged. He argued that religion should be taught in the state, or public, schools, and by the state teachers. There we disagreed. His theory was that before a school-teacher should be employed by any board, the teacher should be examined in the elements of Christianity, and required to pass a test in them, as well as in geography and arithmetic and other branches of learning. I asked him this question: “Who would decide for the examining board what are the elements of true Christianity?” The answer was, “The Supreme Court of the United States.” In this very answer is revealed the danger of the whole scheme. The civil magistrate, in doing this, would be deciding a controversy over disputed points in religion. It does not take a very analytical mind to see that thus the Supreme Court would set up a chair of infallibility. The state would make itself the arbiter in religion. Such was the case in Rome when it was pagan. Infallibility in matters of the soul belongs to no man nor council of men. If this be not true, Protestantism is a mistake. Papal Rome, speaking ex cathedray claims infallibility. We do not grant its claims. Any form of religion backed and enforced by the state has in it the essentials of papal Rome. Those who are seeking for a legal recognition of Christianity, and demanding that it be taught by the state, SEPTEMBER, I925 are reverting to the logic of Romanism. “There is no argument in favor of establishing the Christian religion, but what may be pleaded with equal propriety for establishing the tenets of Mahomet by those who believe in the Alkoran.” A New Plan THE latest turn taken, however, by those demanding a legal recognition of religious teaching, is a plan to release children for a certain time during school hours to attend a school which gives instruction in religion. This plan originated with those who believe in Protestant Christianity. To satisfy these people, the religious teachers would need to hold religious views agreeable to the promoters of the plan. This being true, no Jewish nor Catholic teacher, nor one who is a member of a minority sect uncompromising in its views and energetic in their dissemination, would be acceptable as a teacher in this proposed school of religion. It is now claimed that while the children are to be excused from the public school so as to attend the religious school, no credit is to be allowed for the religious training, and that they are to keep up the standards expected by the public schools. The children are to do all the work demanded by the public schools. It does not need the gift of prophecy to know that time will change this. It will not be long before the public schools will be asked to give credit for the work done in the religious schools. The claim will be made that the latter are branches of the public schools, and as such, the work done in them should receive credit from the public school authorities. The plan is a dangerous one. It is the first step to a recognition of a form of religion by the state. It is an invasion of the public school hours by sectarian religion. (Continued on page 34) pace three Jfet there be RESOLVED: THAT T.H E TEACHING OF EVOLUTION SHOULD BE DEBARRED FROM T A X - S U P -PORTED SCHOOLS. 1HIS question was debated recently in San Fran- _______ cisco by Alonzo L. Baker and Maynard Shipley. Mr. Baker is a fundamentalist and Associate Editor of the Signs of the Times and Mr. Shipley is President of the Science League of America. The judges who rendered a decision on the basis of the arguments produced, decided that “the theory of evolution was untrue but that it should be taught in the public schools/’ Upon the face of the decision, it appears quite amusing that the judges should decide that a false theory should be taught in the public schools; but the judges fortified themselves behind the argument that they did not decide the issue on the merits of the question, but merely upon the arguments produced on both sides. It was very apparent that the audience did not agree with the judges that the false theory of evolution should be taught in the public schools, judging from the support they gave the affirmative side. A week later this same question was discussed between Doctor Riley of Minneapolis and Mr. Shipley, in the Civic Auditorium of Oakland, Calif., which holds over three thousand people. It was packed, and hundreds were turned away, unable to find admission. On this occasion the audience voted on the question of whether evolution or creation was the origin of all things in the beginning, and whether the theory of evolution should be taught in the public schools or not, and there were less than one hundred that voted in favor of evolution and the remainder of the vast audience of three thousand voted that they not only believed that the theory of evolution was without a scientific basis in fact, but that it had no place in tax-supported schools where the majority of the people were against it. The Disputed Name of Science DOCTOR RILEY made it very evident that the fundamentalists were not opposed to the teaching of science in the public schools, as some evolutionists would have the public believe. Science and the Bible never have been in conflict, asserted Doctor Riley. “Science is knowledge verified by human observation and demonstration,” and the Bible is truth divinely certified, so the truth of science and the truth of the Bible are bound to agree, for there is no conflict between truth wherever it may be found. What the fundamentalist and the general public are opposed to, is so-called science stalking through the land in the name of science, demanding the same respect and consideration that is given by all men to true science. He who knows science and who also knows the Bible finds no dis- EUTRALITY Tie ad this, Qitizens The ambitious program of the Science tion in the public school and to keep explanation as to man s origin, cord between science and the Bible. He who knows a little of science and a little of the Bible, finds lots of discord both in science and in the Bible. A little knowledge of both is the cause of the present conflict between evolutionists and theologians, and both should be debarred from carrying their controversy into the public schools. Neither should be given an advantage by law to propagate and force their disagreements and peculiar views upon the innocent public or unwilling patrons. Let us keep both Genesis and anti-Genesis out of our public schools. Evolution Permeates Religion MR. BAKER took the position that the theory of evolution as it is now taught in the textbooks used in the public schools and state, tax-supported institutions, entered “into the realm of education, morals, and religion,” and that it should be classed as “speculative philosophy” rather than “pure science” relative to the origin and nature of the earth and all life upon it. “It is true there are a few uninformed evolutionists,” declared Mr. Baker, “who will declare that evolution is a scientific question alone, but such a narrow view is not the one assumed by the majority of the champions of the developmental idea.” Many leading evolutionists of the highest rank were quoted, showing conclusively that the majority of evolutionists of note have not accepted the theory of evolution as a scientific fact but only hold it as a matter of faith, and they further hold that the theory of evolution covers every field of thought and every relationship of man with man — even his relations with religion and with God. In fact, the theory of evolution as it is now taught by the new school of modernists presents a new interpretation for every fundamental doctrine of the Christian and Jewish religions, and this new view of religion and the origin of the earth and all life upon it, these modernists insist, must be taught in our public schools. The leading modernists who champion this new, evolutionary view of the origin of all things, have boldly called it, “The Anti-Genesis” of the Bible. The Militant League I AST December there was formed in the City of San ^Francisco the “Science League of America,” which * includes.on its advisory board, Professor Harold Heath of the Stanford Zoological Department; David Starr Jordan, Chancellor Emeritus of Stanford; Luther Burbank, “the hybrid wizard”; Dr. Edgar L. Hewett; William Kent; Captain P. J. See; and Maynard Shipley, its President, and Conrad Byron, its Secretary. At its initial meeting, held in the “Native Sons’ Hall,” attended by some 1800 people, including many scientists and scholars, so they claim, PAGE FOUR THE WATCHMAN MAGAZINE in the Public Schools the book of (fenesis, a counter out of the public Reported for THE WATCHMAN ®y c HARLES S. LfONGACRE Editor Liberty President Shipley set forth their ultimate objective: “The League’s primary aim is to keep evolution in the public school and to keep the book of Genesis, as a counter explanation as to man’s origin, out of the public school.” This statement of Mr. Shipley, as president of the Science League of America, a “league formed to fight fundamentalism,” shows clearly that the evolutionists expect to capture our public schools and propagate a “counter explanation as to man’s origin” other than is recorded in Genesis. In other words, they intend to make war upon the Bible through our public schools by molding the religious thoughts of our defenseless children through the teaching of atheism under the garb of science. Dr. Joseph Le Conte, a most eminent evolutionist, says in a work entitled, “Evolution and Its Relation to Religious Thought,” pp. 3, 4, “Evolution as a process is not confined to one thing, the egg, nor as a doctrine is it confined to one department of science — biology. The process pervades the whole universe, and the doctrine concerns alike every department of science — yea, every department of human thought. ... It determines the whole attitude of the mind toward nature and God.” Keep Both Out THERE are two schools of evolution — the atheistic and theistic evolutionists. The present conflict is not an issue between science and religion, but between atheistic and theistic evolutionists and orthodox fundamentalists. The evolutionists say, “The book of Genesis must go out of our public schools and evolution, as a counter explanation as to man’s origin, must go in.” This plainly resolves itself into a religious controversy between atheistic evolutionists and orthodox creationists. The true American citizen says keep both out of our public schools. State institutions and public servants who are both supported by universal taxation, must always assume a position of neutrality in a religious controversy. A public servant must serve all classes and all beliefs without bias. The civil government, in order to be just to all, must place all citizens, irrespective of their peculiar beliefs, on the same equality before the law. We say, so far as this atheistic and religious controversy is concerned, “ Keep both Genesis and evolution out of the public school.” “One of the chief reasons why we oppose the teaching of evolution in the tax-supported schools of our country, SEPTEMBER, I925 asserted Mr. Baker, “isbecauseevolution is subversive of the religious convictions of many who send their children to the public schools. We do not maintain that evolution is subversive of the religion of all, because it is obvious that Mr. Ship-ley, for instance, finds no conflict between his conception of religion and the evolutionary philosophy. But on the other hand, there are great masses of citizens who are firmly of the opinion that their views of religion and the theory of evolution are diametrically opposed, and to accept evolution is to reject what they consider Christianity. The American principle of the separation of church and state demands neutrality on questions of religion in all public institutions and offices. It is because of this great and just principle that we do not teach religion in our public schools. The founders of our system of government realized that no particular religion could be introduced into the schools of the state without doing violence to the religious beliefs of those who dissent from the particular view. It was therefore deemed wise and expedient not to meddle with religion in tax-supported schools, but to confine education there to the secular branches alone. Time has proved this a wise policy, and it has become an essential part of true Americanism. Therefore, the teaching of evolution in tax-supported schools is an infringement upon this cardinal American principle of neutrality on questions of religion.” As long as evolution maintained a neutral position on the question of religion, the fundamentalists made no objection to the teaching of the theory of evolution anywhere except in their own pulpits, but since evolutionists have entered the domain of religion and are making a restatement of all of the fundamental doctrines of the Christian religion in the terms of evolutionary interpretation, or speculative philosophy, and they have boldly asserted that the Genesis account must go out and the “ anti-Genesis” theory must go into the public schools, the fundamentalists simply insist on neutrality. Neither Wanted THE fundamentalist does not object merely to a substitutional religion being taught in our public schools in place of the Christian religion, which is being actually done in the theistic and atheistic textbooks on evolution in our high schools and state universities, but they object to the public schools being used as a stamping ground for the propagation and propaganda work of any religion — Christian, Jewish, Mohammedan, Spiritualistic, Atheistic, or Theistic, parading under the garb of science, when not a single fact or scintilla of evidence has yet been produced or can be produced to place such teachings on a scientific basis. The whole theory of evolu- (Continued on page 2p) PAGE FIVE. Evolution and Freedom Two Basic Questions RESS dispatches of late seem to indicate that the evolutionists are very much concerned about the outcome of the Scopes case, judging by the amount of space given to the expression of their opinions, and also by the excited utterances which they are spreading everywhere. The creationists are saying little about the situation, perhaps because editors give them no chance (as I know to be the case in certain places), or perhaps it is because they are confident that they have the weight of truth and centuries of experience at their back, and therefore do not need to make such a commotion about being treated so unfairly. The heading of an article, “In Darkest Tennessee,” was the way in which my attention was first called to the real facts of the Tennessee law, by a write-up in a recent number of the Literary Digest. And sinc^ that article came out, the news writers of the country seem to have caught the cue. This dismal picture would indicate that if all the accumulated darkness attributed to Tennesseans could be retained over that state, there would certainly be a total eclipse of the sun, moon, and all the luminaries there ever were in the physical as well as intellectual heavens. One would think, to read the volumes of ebullitions that have poured forth of late, that all science and progress was about to be lost forever in the shadows of superstition and ignorance that a few intolerant ignoramuses and infantile inquisitors were bringing upon our fair civilization. My italicized words are well chosen, not because I write them, but because I have taken them from the press reports of the past few days. Why This SmoKE Screen? THE smoke screen that is being thrown out by the anti-creationists is one of the favorite methods that a minority of men (or even squids) use when they face a losing proposition, and are forced to fight for their lives. If the armament were so strong that the enemy had no chance whatever, a flotilla would have no need of a smoke screen. If the squid were bigger than his enemies, he would not need to dye the water black in order to crawl out of his unfortunate predicament. And if the anti-creationist had all the facts on his side that he pretends to have, he would not have to make such a hue and cry about obscurantism, tradition, stagnation, and “no brains” as he does. The Tennessee Anti-Evolution Law issue is a question which is likely ultimately to involve the whole country in its legal meshes before it is settled, and so I do not think it wise to try to settle it prematurely in this article, written July 6, before the trial. Whether the people shall rule in matters of education, is a question which we leave to the courts. But whether the people who hold to the literal creation doctrine, instead of to the evolutionary plan, are necessarily ignorant and unscientific is another question, and one that it seems essential to clarify before the major problem can be attacked intelligently. So this article is supposed to deal with the scientific aspects of the case, leaving the legal phases to be settled by the lawyers. At the very first, I wish to lay down a fundamental principle, which if it were clearly recognized, would clear the air of about nine tenths of the fog that now obscures the issue. It is this: that evolution is only a method or viewpoint for the interpretation of things as we find them at the present time, while creationism is an opposite and radically different method of interpretation. Neither one side nor the other has any monopoly on thz facts concerning natural phenomena. Both sides have equal and unalienable rights to dig up all the facts that nature will yield to their research, and whenever any fact is dug up by either side, it immediately becomes common property to the whole world. On this point there should be no confusion, for I resent the intimation that creationists are ignorant and unlearned. We have just as many facts as the evolutionist has (unless he has a lot that he has never told us about, for we have been reading his literature by the ream for the past few decades), and the only difference is that the creationist sees in these facts an evidence for the literal interpretation of the Genesis record, while the evolutionist sees in them a strong support of his preconceived notion as to how things came into existence. Famous Ignoramuses IT IS largely because the creation viewpoint has not been given a fair hearing that creationists are said to be ignorant. If they were, then Agassiz and a lot of other famous scientists must have had “no brains,” for they could not see the very argument upon which the modern evolution theory has been built. I refer to Darwin’s theory of natural selection. “It is the supreme merit of Darwin to have pointed out a method by which a process of gradual development, or evolution . . . could be made . . . applicable to, and acceptable for, plants and animals, and especially for man. Until this was done, there could be no place for the new cosmogony in the general mind.”— Short History of Science, Sedgwick and Tyler, page J be ours for the asking if we will simply comply with the conditions. Nor can human insurance be had against this predicted and imminent event: “The heavens and the earth, which are now, by the same word are kept in store, reserved unto fire against the day of judgment and perdition of ungodly men.” 2 Pet. 3: 7. This old earth is on fire in the “"basement.” Ere long the flame will burst forth into the superstructure. If our lives are placed now under God’s protection, we have also this precious promise, “He is able to keep that which I have committed u»t© Him against that day.” 2 Tim. 1: 12. PAGE EIGHT THE WATCHMAN MAGAZINE The fh(ews Interpreted Treason in the Church I AST Easter an epochal religious cere-mony took place in Peking. Twelve hundred persons representing a dozen leading religions and many nationalities met at the Yingtai Palace to pay homage to the Panshan Lama, or Living Buddha of Tibet, who was visiting in the Chinese capital. In this remarkable gathering were leaders of Buddhism, Taoism, Confucianism, Mohammedanism, Zoroastrianism, Hinduism, also Jews, Greek Catholics — and Dr. Philippe de Vargas, “representing Christianity,^ Europe,” and Doctors Gilbert Reid and T. T. Lew, representing respectively foreign and native “Christianity in China.” Doctor Lew is dean of theology in the Peking University, while Doctor Reid was formerly an American Presbyterian missionary but is now head of the International Institute of China’s Society of all Religions. Buddhist chants and Christian anthems mingled in the strange ceremony. Doctor friend from far-away Tibet, to give us a message that we may carry with us as we journey together the pathway of life. We who are here gathered from many Faiths and many lands and varied races wish you in your journeyings joy and health and safety, using your unparalleled influence to bring peace and quietness, goodness and contentment, to all the Five Races who enroll themselves under the flag of the Republic, and so fulfill the missiorrof Gautama the Buddha, Jesus the Christ, and all the Holy men who in past and present have striven to make the world a better world, a foretaste of the perfection that awaits us in the hereafter.” It is significant that of all religionists participating, the Lama alone, as he outlined the leading tenets of Buddhist belief, took part without compromising his own religion, and urged his auditors to study and accept Buddhism “without delay.” In this astonishing occurrence Christian “ tol- American soldiers standing beside International train which is run by the troops of the powers (Britain, America, Japan, and France) because of China’s failure to maintain service. Ewing Galloway Strike scene in Shanghai, near the docks where 43 ships are tied up unable to discharge their cargoes. Reid, garbed in his Doctor of Divinity gown, made the opening speech of greeting to the Lama. Referring to the visiting Buddha as “a religious leader worthy of honor,” he expatiated on the unique and memorable occasion on which they had met to “show honor and pay obeisance to the spiritual head of Lamaism.” He concluded with this amazing utterance: “And so on this day when Christ, through a great resurrection, an idea kindred alike to Christianity and Islam, Buddhism, and Taoism, brought ‘life and immortality to light,’ we turn to you, Panshan Buddha, our SEPTEMBER, I925 erance” degenerated into shameful sacrifice of principle, and the desire to fraternize on a common religious platform was gratified only at the expense of base disloyalty to Christ. A wholly false impression of Christianity was made upon the Lama and the representatives of the other religions present. For as the Lama expressed pleasure over the honor accorded him, to his mind it was nothing less than the worship and obeisance paid to him as the incarnation of Buddha. Picture the spectacle of Christian missionaries, on the avowed day of Christ’s resurrection, turning to the Tibetan Lama for a message! Surely they had lost the living God’s message from their lives. Imagine also the Christians present (and there were several hundred) scrambling for pagan incense sticks blessed by the Lama during the program. How the vanity of the heathen leader must have been tickled as they rushed the distributors off* their feet and got beyond the control of the police. Have Christians forgotten there is no other Name given among men whereby we must be saved? (Acts 4: 12.) Have missionaries forgotten we are to go into all the world to preach, teach, and make disciples of all nations? (Matt. 28: 19, 20.) And what shall we say of Doctor Reid’s slur at the tremendous fact of Christ’s resurrection, stripping it of reality, emasculating it into “an idea kindred alike to Christianity and Islam, Buddhism and Taoism,” and, to crown all, degrading the unique Son of God into common classification with heathen religious reformers? But the fact is that the tragic apostasy seen in the Christian church in this country is likewise honeycombing the mission field. This we know from personal observation. The mission aim has changed among many, and the method of work is being revolutionized. According to the Biblical World, Prof. Gerald Birney Smith of Chicago University says: “Gradually we have come to see that it is religiously desirable that the Christianizing of non-Christian peoples shall mean the strengthening and purification of the best religious and moral traits of their native faith, rather than its complete eradication. . . . To-day the missionary enterprise is being shifted from a program of rescuing a few souls from eternal disaster to the ideal of a long campaign of education and social reconstruction in the non-Christian nations. Increased emphasis is being placed on the social and political future of the non-Christian peoples on this earth.” It was this identical principle of adaptation and absorption indicated in the first part of the quotation that baptized and received paganism into the church of the early centuries, giving pious Christian names to pagan objects, customs, and festivals, and which led to the spiritual darkness of the Middle Ages. The latter half sets forth the strictly modern program of the social gospel. Again, in the modernist Christian Century these avowed changes in missionary incentive are discussed by William E. Barton, and the shifting motive and message is thus set forth: The first missionaries, he says, went out “ to rescue brands from the burning,” whereas the modernist missionary “does not and cannot hold” to such a conception. Another group has believed in the evangelization of the (Continued on page 29) PAGE NINE The First SKIRMISH j HE scenes enacted and the words spoken in the battle waged in the courtroom of the little hill-town of Dayton, Tennessee, July 10-21, were infinitely more important to the world and Heaven than ordinary county-court cases. It ________ was no tempest in a teapot, no child’s play. Whatever of selfish interest and personal heroism andjhero-worship entered into it is as nothing compared with the great issues at stake. And this little tilt is but the beginning of a vital controversy that is destined to rend religion asunder and try men’s hearts and minds to the limit of anguish. The legal aspect of the case was to try one John Thomas Scopes for breaking the recently enacted law of Tennessee, which says that any teacher in the tax-supported schools shall not teach that man descended from a lower order of animals, which is contrary to the story of the divine creation of man as taught in the Bible. The case itself was of little moment. Witnesses testified that Mr. Scopes did so teach. He admitted that he had, and had nothing to say in his own defense on this score. He pleaded not guilty only for the reason that he deemed the law inconsistent, indefinite and unfair; therefore unconstitutional. No witnesses were brought to say that he had not taught that man descended from a lower order of animals. The jury listened to witnesses only a few hours, and brought in a verdict of guilty after only a few minutes’ deliberation. The defendant was fined #100— three weeks’ salary— and the case was finished. This, the case minor, occupied only a few hours; but the case major stretched out over nearly two weeks. The writer sat through it all— thrilled, bored, astounded, disgusted, and instructed, by turns. Surely there has been nothing like it in all time, but he was impressed that there will be much more like it very soon. A Popular Doctrine TO GET at the beginning: belief in the theory of evolution has so spread among educated men and institutions of learning that it is the popular doctrine of the day. Long past confining itself to the natural sciences, its tentacles have taken in history, ethics, religion, sociology, metaphysics, agriculture, and every other study that touches the practical life of man. So popular has it become in cultural circles that those adhering to it were led to believe that there were no educated people of any consequence who did not accept it. And because they heard no denial of this they became so bold as to say that only ignoramuses and yokels rejected it. Then suddenly, to their real or simulated surprise and astonishment, a great state of our country, by its representatives in its legislative assembly, made a law forbidding the teaching of the theory in the public schools. Then they woke up to the fact that there is a multitude of good and educated people who are not evolutionists, and they began to complain of being persecuted as a minority. They protested that free thought was being curtailed and truth was being suppressed. The law was sure to come to test sooner or later. It happened that Dayton was the place and Professor Scopes the P^GE TEN in the War on Evolution ByR OBERT BrUCeTHURBER Editorial Observer at the Dayton, Tenn., Trial first offender willing to be tried. Spurred to uphold the law, the local officials called for help. The late William Jennings Bryan, long a great leader, chiefly a political and only incidentally and latterly a religious champion, offered his services as counsel against Mr. Scopes and evolution,— most emphatically evolution. While Clarence Darrow, of criminal defense fame, Dudley Field Malone, and Arthur Garfield Hays, three of the shrewdest and most learned lawyers of the country, and all avowed evolutionists,— with Mr. Darrow a proud agnostic,— volunteered to defend Mr. Scopes. The defense was backed with plenty of money by the Civil Liberties Union; the prosecution had to take up offerings in the local churches to help defray its expenses. The Whole World Was Stirred AS WELL as the principles involved, which touch very l closely the heart-interests of every Christian and civilized man, there were many other circumstances which conspired to give the trial great publicity. It was to be a fight between two individual champions, one of Bible Christianity and the other of agnosticism (I-don’t-know-ism). There was no other great issue or event for the newspapers to page at the time, and the reporters made the most of every detail, of every sensational story, of everything that would make news and interesting reading. Besides, there is nothing that will draw the attention of liberty-loving people everywhere like an attempt, or supposed attempt, to coerce a man in what he shall believe and think. Consequently, over 20,-000,000 words were sent out by the press, and not only America, but also Europe, Asia, and Africa, eagerly read the news. Not in recent years has Europe been so stirred by an American controversy. Mr. Darrow came to the trial boasting that he would settle Mr. Bryan’s influence with the people for all time. Mr. Bryan stated that it was a duel to the death between Bible Christianity and atheistic evolution, and he would defend God and His Word. But the trial was larger than Mr. Scopes, yes, larger than Mr. Darrow or Mr. Bryan. They were but flies on the horns of raging bulls. And therein lay the secret of the world-wide interest in the great test. Vital principles were locking horns, and plunged as giants to the fray. The very evident chief object of the lawyers on the evolution side was to give great publicity to the alleged proofs for evolution and thus educate the backward (?) peoples of Tennessee and other states, so that they will do nothing more to hinder the teaching and spread of the theory. This was to be accomplished under the guise of advocating freedom of thought and conscience. The first move of the evolutionists (and the “defense” is very accurately thus named), was to parade the ignorance THE WATCHMAN MAGAZINE of the jury selected, and to emphasize that local prejudice was against them, and therefore the trial would not be fair. Practically all the newspaper reporters present, and a majority of the representatives of the religious and feature press, were evolutionists. Thus this side had the ear and the ink of the world’s press. Mr. Darrow, who examined the jurors, sought to bring out that they were densely ignorant, and afterward made the statement that all of them had said that they had never heard of evolution till this trial took place. How much truth there was in this may be seen by noticing just what the jurors did say. The next move was to show that the law is unconstitutional by fourteen counts, most of them technical. The most vital reasons given were that it abridged religious freedom, did not cherish literature and science, and was not definite and consistent. The court overruled all these. The law has nothing to do with churches or worship, but only with state schools. If the teacher is to have “religious liberty” to teach what he pleases to his students, what about the religious liberty of the parents who are compelled to send their children to school, compelled to pay school taxes, and compelled to let their children be taught a theory they do not believe, Out think it is contrary to the Bible, the basis of their rel gion? The law is not against science, for science is the organized knowledge of established facts, and evolution is acknowledged by its adherents to be only a theory based on some facts. Again, the law plainly implies that to teach that man came from a lower order of animals is contrary to the Bible, and that that is the specific theory that is objectionable. This court could not repeal nor change the law, but could only interpret; and it was interpreted as being clear and plain in what it said and intended. Anything to Get Publicity FAILING to “instruct” the court and the local “yokels” in the theory of evolution by means of a ruling against the constitutionality of the law, the evolution leaders then sought to accomplish the same object by insisting that the testimony of expert scientists and theologians would have to be given, with the hope of making the court reverse its decision, but more especially to show what would be proved in the higher court. At every opportunity, in season and out of season, the evolutionists spared no pains to get publicity for their views. Instead of stating what they SEPTEMBER, IQ25 expected to prove they proceeded at great length to prove it. After hearing one scientist as a sample of what the expert testimony would be, the court ruled out such testimony as irrelevant to this case. That should come in when the constitutionality of the law is determined in the supreme court. Compelled to beat another retreat, the evolution side raised a great cry against the “suppression of truth,” “fear of facts,” etc., forgetting or ignoring that the opposition to evolution is not trying to suppress facts, but to repress theories and hypotheses from being called facts. Fighting hard, and digging in for another entrenchment, the defenders of Mr. Scopes demanded that the scientific testimony be taken in writing and put on the court record, for reference in the higher court, the jury being absent since the Scopes case proper had been switched into a trial between evolution and anti-evolution. The court, “to be fair to both sides,” allowed this; whereupon all that the evolutionists expected to gain was gained, for they were given a lengthy hour to read in open court, and publish through the newspapers to the world, all the proofs they had gathered from evolutionary scientists and modernist preachers. It was an educational triumph for evolution propaganda. The evolution side did not try to be consistent with itself and with truth. It “proved” that no one knows what the Bible is, that no one can rightly interpret the Bible without being instructed by experts, that the creation and miracle stories of the Bible are merely myths and do not agree with each other, yet that the Bible is in perfect harmony with evolution, which — if we are to follow logically — must therefore also be fanciful and inconsistent. This is what always happens when religion and science are allowed to be tossed about in courts of law. Legal procedure is often far from consistency and fact. It is bent on winning a case, not on ascertaining truth. Evolution’s Uncertainties THE scientific testimony adduced was the usual long-drawn-out findings of specialists. It gave many facts and discoveries, and then in drawing conculsions from these facts it abounded in such expressions as “most satisfactory explanation,” “evidence abundantly justifies,” “with considerable certainty,” “difficult to explain unless,” “seems to be,” “tremendous probability,” “if so . . . it must have been,” “every scientist I know has accepted,” “presumably,” “geologists believe,” “working theory,” “open to investigation,” “most likely.” Evolution scored again on the publicity count when near the close of the trial Mr. Bryan, against the vehement protests of his own side, and outside of any legal necessity for winning the case, eagerly allowed himself to be questioned on his belief by Mr. Darrow. Without scholastic preparation for such a grilling at the hands of the agnostic lawyer, a preparation which many another anti-evolutionist has, he plunged into a battle of wits to defend his own belief and that of countless other Christians against the attacks of atheistic evolution. He made a valiant fight, and at many points carried the battle into the ranks of his enemies by in turn questioning his questioner. At nearly all points his PAGE ELEVEN faith suffered no defeat at his hands. He stood staunchly for the creative and miracle-working power of God, but could not expect Mr. Darroyv to be impressed, since “spiritual things are spiritually discerned.” The net result of this circus clash between two great leaders, who have long desired to get together, is variously estimated by both sides and neutrals. But there is no question but that Mr. Bryan gave his case away when he stated that in his opinion the days of creation were not twenty-four-hour days, but might have been millions of years long. It seems to us that Mr. Bryan and many another estimable fundamentalist take this stand to escape the inevitable seventh-day Sabbath, if the creation days were evening-and-morning days as the record says; and in so doing irretrievably weaken their cause, and limit the almighty God in the greatest miracle of all. The evolutionist can readily concede that about six thousand years ago man had progressed just beyond the monkey or “missing link,” but that through millions of years before that he was developing slowly into that state. Is this “theistic” evolution, the same error by another name? We Draw Conclusions AND what are our conclusions .XjL after close observation of the trial? One very emphatic one is that civil courts can never settle the questions which took up most of the time of the case. The questions of religious and academic belief were prominent a major portion of the time. In fact, they were the main issues, and drew all the interest. Religious belief or unbelief are matters of education and conviction from God or the spirit of error. The case in its narrower aspect need not have brought in religion at all; but it did, and inevitably will, for evolution unavoidably touches religion. As we have maintained before, the only legitimate purpose of the law was to maintain the already recognized neutrality of the state on matters of religion. Its true intent should be to protect children from being taught evolution (which is undeniably a religion, anti-religion, or affects religion) in the public schools, to the same degree and in the same way they were already protected, by previously existing statues, from being taught Catholicism, Protestantism, Judaism, or any other religion. Whether or not the legislators had this in mind when they made the law we do not know. The wording of the law was crudely and indefinitely put, and could have accomplished its object in an unprovocative way. It was simply intended to drive all religion, or anything connected with it, out of the public schools and into private schools and churches, where it rightly belongs. We are well aware of the fact that some of the proponents of the law are working to get laws that will prohibit belief in evolution, outside as well as inside the public schools, and they are insistent that the Bible be taught in its stead. We stand as solidly and uncompromisingly against this as we do against the other. The public schools must stand free from religious teaching, and to the degree a law upholds this stand it is right and just to all alike. We remember that about thirty years ago, in this same little town of Tennessee, and in this identical courtroom, there were sentenced to the chain gang a number of men who worked on Sunday contrary to the law, when they conscientiously observed another day as the Sabbath. The judge who reluctantly sentenced them, and at least one of the men who carried the ball and chain as he toiled on the road in the vicinity, were in attendance at the present trial. That Sunday law was vicious, and contrary to all the principles of Americanism and religious liberty; and the people of the community are no doubt past the desire to jail anyone who does not keep the day they think is God’s Sabbath. But slumbering in the hearts ©f many Christian people in the fair state of Tennessee and elsewhere, and sometimes breaking forth, is that same spirit of bigotry and intolerance which the majority of Tennesseans are accused by the evolutionists of cherishing, and which the law in question is said to be upholding. wi International One of the signs with which Dayton was covered. A similar one was torn from the courthouse wall on the protest of Mr. Darrow, for fear it would prejudice the jury. On Which Side? E INSIST that this law does not abridge religious liberty in any way, when taken in its true intent. It does not say the Bible must be taught, but that nothing contrary to it shall be. Scientific facts and the Bible agree, but evolutionary theories and the Bible do not agree. And all our energy is enlisted in opposing any interpretation of it which would curtail in the least degree anyone’s freedom to believe and worship at the time and in the place and manner he thinks best. But to teach a mere theory as truth, when it contradicts the Bible, to innocent children of parents who do not want it taught and yet are compelled to send their children to schools and pay taxes for their support, is quite another thing. On what side do we stand on this whole question?— In a sense, on neither side. We are against the theory of evolution being taken as an established fact, especially because it absolutely denies, and must deny to be consistent, the Bible account of creation, the flood, all miracles, the atonement, the resurrection, conversion of sinners, and the return of Christ to destroy and renew the earth. On the other hand, we cannot stand with those who expect that the courts can settle questions of religious or academic belief, nor with those who think that such questions are subjects for legislation. The law-makers and executives and courts can legitimately keep the state neutral, and that is all. One side in this great controversy would evolutionize the earth; the other would revolutionize it. The first would work by education, the second by legislation. We can stand with neither. We can agree with the method of the first, but not its belief. We can agree with the belief of the second, but not its method. (Cont. onp. ij) PAGE TWELVE THE WATCHMAN MAGAZINE Undying fove By Llewellyn A. Wilcox I HAVE read an old legend of a dashing young Frenchman, handsome and strong, who loved a courtesan. Allured from the hearthside and home by her dazzling attraction, he forsook the quiet ways of virtue for the prodigal path. Down the slippery road to ruin, into the depths of shame he went. But ever and anon — yet always growing fainter — in tavern and brothel, would knock on his heart the echo of a mother’s broken prayer. And ever and anon — but always growing dimmer — would come to memory the picture of home with its unbarred door, and its empty chair, and the light in the window — for him. But he drowned the cry of that pleading voice in the clamor of song and ribald mirth, and he shut out the vision that tugged at his heart in the flesh of the wanton embrace of the prostitute. And the story runs that this woman of sin hated her lover’s mother; and when, in his insane infatuation, he, Herod-like, offered her any gift, she answered, Herodias-like, “Bring me, then, your mother’s bleeding heart.” And I have read that, mad with his unholy passion, he came by night to the home he had forsaken. Ah, there was the unlatched door—just as he knew it would be unlatched, for him. Creeping stealthily through the darkness, he made his way to his mother’s room. And there, with the horror of it freezing his very blood, he took the life that had given him life, and tore out with his own hands his mother’s heart. Through the shadows of the city streets he hurried, carrying it to the cruel harlot to whom he had given his soul. And while he was bringing it, bruised and mangled, he stumbled upon a sharp stone, and fell. Then from that mother’s bleeding heart there came the cry, “My son, are you hurt?” That’s mother love. It survives all the change of time and circumstance, all of the bitter blasts of ingratitude, all of the heart-break of spurned affection, blighted hopes, and crushing disappointment. Through all the lonely years it waits, and prays, and, against hope, believes in hope. “Can a mother forget her suckling child, that she should not have compassion on the son of her womb? Yen, they may forget, yet will I not forget thee.” Isa. 49. 15. Mother love is the supreme illustration to finite man ot the infinite love of God. It is the nearest we can humanly come to the surpassing depths of a deathless love. You may be a wanderer far from God. The allurements of the world may have enticed you from home. The Father’s house may be a long way off. You may have gone farther and farther into sin until you scarcely hear now the broken accents of your mother’s prayer; and the tear that glistened upon her furrowed cheek may be only an almost forgotten memory. You may have gone down and down into the mire of shame, grasping frenziedly for the apples of Sodom that turn to ashes at your touch, until you thought God had given you up. But the door of the Father’s house is open, and He is waiting to be gracious. You may have deafened your ears to all His entreaties, resisting His Spirit, and spurning His grace. For the love of the world that hates Him, you may have neglected Him, forsaken Him, murdered Him; but Jesus’ love is stronger than death. For the kiss of the siren that lures you to destruction, you may have plucked from His quivering body that broken heart that never beat but with aching tenderness for you, and brought it as the purchase price for the polluted embrace of sin’s pleasures. Still as along the path of treason you stumble on the stones your transgressions have caused,— still from the bleeding heart of God, crucified afresh by your sin, is wrung the cry, “ My son, are you hurt ? ” Can you resist such love as this? “For I am persuaded that neither death, nor life, nor angels, nor principalities, nor powers, nor things present, nor things to come, nor height, nor depth, nor any other creature, shall be able to separate us from the love of God, which is in Jesus Christ our Lord.” The Times of Restitution “ AND He shall send Jesus Christ, which before was preached unto you; whom the heaven must receive until the times of restitution of all things, which God hath spoken by the mouth of all His holy prophets since the world began.” Acts 3: 20, 21. We need not deny the real beauty and the many blessings of this world as we know it to-day. But the apostle Peter, in these words quoted from his famous temple sermon, predicted a still better time to come. He called it The Times of Restitution of All Things, of which God has spoken in the prophecies of the Bible. The golden dream in every heart is of a land where disappointment and sorrow, sickness and death will be abolished; where the highest plans will be carried forward to grand success, and the rewards of labor and of love will come to every soul. World thinkers try to outline the conditions of its attainment — they write of “men as gods,” knowing, doubtless, “good and evil.” Poets voice the cry of the race for a better condition of things. “Ah Love! could you and I with Him conspire To grasp this sorry Scheme of Things entire, SEPTEMBER, I925 Would not we shatter it to bits — and then Re-mold it nearer to the Heart's Desire!” But human hands can’t grasp it, nor remold it either. That remains for the One who made it in the beginning. He only can re-make it. He alone can announce the Restitution of all things, and usher Eden in. To know what the Restitution will be we must know something of that original world of beauty, upon the ruins of which we now live. 1. It was a new earth, made for man and given to him. (Isa. 45: 18; Gen. 1: 26.) It was just right in every particular. (Verse 31.) 2. The race itself was new, upright (Eccl. 7: 29), made in God’s image (Gen. i: 26), rejoicing in full powers of mind and body, without an ache or pain. Disease and death were unknown, for these hideous specters entered the drama of human destiny as a result of sin. (Rom. 5; 12.) Man had free access to a “fountain of perpetual youth” in the tree of life, a Teacher who knew everything, and endless time for progress. Could the mind conceive of a grander opportunity ? (Continued on page 34) PAGE THIRTEEN Ain open fetter to Preache of the C by one of them JO liKx/r Carlyle B. Haynes listen Keystone O MY colleagues and brethren in the ministry of reconciliation: Nineteen centuries ago the public leaders of religion brought about the death of the Son of _______ God. To-day — But before I draw any conclusions, perhaps it would be best to deal with the situation as it is. I confess it makes me uneasy, and creates grave premonitions of coming disaster. The Christian ministry is divided to-day, divided about Christ. Some are denying the Lord that bought them, flouting His written word, discrediting His virgin birth, disowning His deity, repudiating His incarnation, rejecting His miracles, abjuring His teachings, discarding His expiatory^ substitutionary death, disclaiming His miraculous resurrection, disavowing His ascension, renouncing His irtercessory priesthood, and ridiculing His coming again. Others are standing loyally by these essential fundamental truths regarding Christ. The Great Religious Question SO THE great religious question of the twentieth century is the same as that of the first centu.-y, “What think ye of Christ?” It seems strange that the Church of Christ should be divided about its divine Founder. It seems incredible that the leaders of the Church should be divided about whether that Founder is divine or human. Yet so it is. And so it was when He was on earth nineteen centuries ago. He came to His own then, but they receivec Him not. He was wounded in the house of His friends. He was the chief corner stone, but the builders rejected Him. His deadly opponents were the religious leaders, the Scribes and the Pharisees. Who were these? The Scribes constituted what we would call the literary, the scholastic, the clerical classes. The Phrasiees we would now call the leading, influential, religious laymen. They were not adherents of a false religion. Not at all. The religion they professed was the true religion. The Scribes were the expounders and teachers of the word of God* The Pharisees occupied the chief seats ir the house of God. Yet when Jesus appeared among them, the divine Son of God, their own Messiah, the Creator of heaven and earth, these religious leaders rejected Him and took away His life. They spat upon Him, scourged Him, crucified Him. Yet He was the Saviour of the world, the fairest among ten thousand, and altogether lovely. They hated Him, and they rejected Him, He was “the stone which the builders refused.” Nevertheless that rejected Stone has become the head of the corner. The builders were wrong. No New Christ TO-DAY there are other builders, other Scribes and Pharisees, other religious leaders. We, brethren, are among them. But there is no other Christ. Through the Christian centuries, He has been the same. He is the same to-day. Virgin-born, incarnate God, divine Teacher, Worker of miracles, vicarious Sacrifice, expiatory Lamb, substitutionary Saviour, raised from the dead, ascended into heaven, He is to-day our Mediator, Priest, and Advocate with the Father, and will soon come to judge the world. And now, as then, He is wounded in the house of His friends, and the builders refuse Him. Yet is He the Head of the corner, the divine Son of God. Tiose ancient Modernists, if I may be allowed so to call them, did not suppose themselves to be in the position of opposing God. Nevertheless they were. Both God and history has judged them. It is difficult for a man to admit the thought into his own mind that he is dishonoring his office and frustrating its purpose. But there is enough in the history of our calling and profession to warn us to keep a jealous watch over our minds, lest we, too, while clothed in the garments of a sacred calling and invested with the authority of a lofty position, should be found fighting against God. It is possible to sit in Moses’ seat and have the word of God in our mouths, and still be wrong, so wrong as to crucify the Son of God. It is an appalling fact, but nevertheless a fact, that the public representatives of Christianity can be the worst enemies of Christianity; that those who publicly preach Christ, can in reality be the strongest opponents of Christ. 1“ is a sad way of getting a living, to profess to be a skilled physician and use your skill to kill men. It is worse to obtain a temporal livelihood by ruining souls while pretending to point the way of salvation. He is a cruel man to poor, helpless passengers who undertakes to be a pilot without having so much as learned the chart and compass. A bell, if it does not sound, is no bell. A knife, even if its PAGE FOURTEEN THE WATCHMAN MAGAZINE handle is studded with diamonds, is no knife if it will not cut. Ministers are called lights; if, then, their light be darkness, how great is the darkness of their people! And, oh, my brother minister, how solemn a responsibility do we bear if, when the people look to us for light, we give them such darkness that they make shipwreck of their faith! A Minister's Unpardonable Sin THE great unpardonable sin in a minister is to lack knowledge of the Son of God and of the way of salvation. Such a defect cannot be supplied by anything else. He may be meek, patient, bountiful, kind, tender, thoughtful, scholarly, but if he has no skill to divide aright the living word, he is not fit to be a minister. But if this lack of knowledge results from a deliberate rejection of the truth, then truly does God speak to that man: “Because thou hast rejected knowledge, I will also reject thee, that thou shalt be no priest to Me." Hosea 4: 6. There is scarcely a sadder verse in all Scripture than these melancholy words: “The prophets prophesy falsely, . . . and my people love to have it so." Like prophet, like people. The people may be so accustomed to accept what is false, and so satisfied with it, that they have no taste or even tolerance for the truth. Often throughout the history of the church the path to popularity and eminence has been closed to all who would not speak according to the prevailing fashion. We have come to such a time. This is the time disclosed by inspiration to Paul, who wrote of it in 2 Tim. 4: 3, 4: “ For the time will come when they will not endure sound doctrine; but after their own lusts shall they heap to themselves teachers, having itching ears; and they shall turn away their ears from the truth, and shall be turned unto fables." In fulfillment of this searching prophecy we have entered upon times when false teachers keep their popularity only by pandering to the opinions and prejudices of the people, created by a science falsely so called, and by a spurious scholarship. Self-flattering, ease-loving people hate to hear disagreeable facts. Frivolous minds are engrossed with the gossip, the pleasure, the excitement of the passing day. Though the storm clouds of retribution are ready to burst, and the naked hand of Jehovah is about to smite a lost world, yet the people say, “Prophesy unto us smooth things," and the false prophets provide the soothing message of “Peace, peace," in response to the demand. There is, as we well know, a most subtle temptation felt in the pulpit to-day. It is to truckle to the spirit of the time; to keep at any risk on the side of the cultivated, the clever, the scholarly; to shun those truths which to utter would exposeThe preacher to the charge of being antiquated and fossilized. Rather let the preacher present what is simple and human in Christianity, and hurry lightly over what is mysterious and divine; let him dwell on the human SEPTEMBER, I925 side of Christ, saying nothing of His deity; let him speak of His example, but say nothing of His atonement; let him exalt the better elements of humanity, but pass over in silence its depravity; and he will very likely be popular and perhaps have his church crowded; but he will be a false prophet. The presence of Modernism in the Church of Christ brings a most solemn responsibility to every Christian minister. If the pulpits in which we stand, and the congregations which we serve, demand of us that we teach Modernism, with its tacit denial of Bible truth, then it is disloyalty to Christ, disloyalty to the Bible, disloyalty to historic Christianity to remain in that pulpit. We have come as ministers of Christ to the place of decision. Above all else we must be true to Christ, true to His Word. And if to be true to Christ involves the loss of our pulpits, there is, there can be, but one decision to make. The Valley of Decision AND the time has come to make that decision. The time l has “come when they will not endure sound doctrine." The time has come when “ they shall turn away their ears from the truth, and shall be turned unto fables." Therefore the time has come for God’s ministers to decide what their relation shall be to any church that denies the fall of man, the Bible doctrine of sin, the infallibility and inspiration of the Scriptures, the sufficiency of the Bible as a rule of faith and practice, the deity of Christ, the virgin birth, the resurrection of Christ, the vicarious, expiatory, and propitiatory atonement of Christ, the intercessory priesthood of Christ, and the second coming of Christ. No church which rej ec ts these revealed truths can be truly called Christian. No minister who fails to preach them is a minister of Christ. Facing with you this momentous question of loyalty to Christ, praying for the abounding grace given to me in Christ, looking alone in unwavering faith to the never-failing assistance of Christ, with profound confidence in the ultimate triumph of the all-conquering Christ, I am determined “ that in nothing I shall be ashamed, but that with all boldness, as always, so now also Christ shall be magnified" in my ministry. The FirSt Skirmish (Continued, from page 12) The first business of Bible Christians in this day is to proclaim to the world that it will be revolutionized, but not by law nor human effort; that men’s minds will be changed, but not by evolution. The Spirit of God will move upon the hearts of all who will to accept Him and His inerrant Word by faith; the earth will be revolutionized from above, and made a beauteous Eden where lovers of truth and God may start anew an eternity of development. page fifteen In the Law I Put not my Trust crystal-clear statement of principles which underlie the making of laws that would shackle the minds of men Tiy Arthur W. Spalding dangerous to the church. I think my neighbor ought to believe what is right, do what is right, teach what is right. I feel my responsibility in getting my neighbor to believe right, do right, and teach right. But the trouble is, my neighbor will not be convinced by what I tell him, by what I seek to teach him. He maintains that he is right and that I am wrong. Now I am sincere in believing that what I believe is right and that my neighbor ought to believe it. I am not only international As they do in the colvrict caclps sincere; I am certain. I have gone carefully over the evidences of my faith, and I have proved them. There is, indeed, a Christian cou.-iesy which may credit They are incontrovertible. The arguments my neighbor his opponent witn sincerity; mere may be a Christian brings ftgalhst it are fallacious and futile. If they were true breadth of thought whkn adrr.ts :he possibility of a re- and forceful, I should be convinced and should change my adjustment of ideas. But for the present he must believe belief. But they are false, and fall before the truth. My sincerely that he is right; and indeed ihe force of his inneighbor is wrong, and I am right. fluence lies largely ii the passion of his faith. Now, since I am right and he is wrong, what is to be done Up to that point the Christian ar d ihe bigot are alike, about it? It is certain that much damage will be done if he Right at that point they part company. They both believe is allowed to continue in his error. Not only will his own sincerely that what they each have is the truth, that what soul be lost, but other souls will be injured by his example their opponents have is error. But as to how that error shall and teaching. He is in a position to instill wrong ideas into be met, the bigot and the Chr.stian have no argeement. the minds of the youth, my own children among them. His The bigot, impat eat or delay «.n the working out of the teaching will tear down faith in the Bible, in the divinity of problem, is all for force to compel me heretic to conform. Christ, in God as the Creator and Father of all. Is he in the The Christian, wi:h a wisdom learned h"om the patience of right in thus broadcasting error? I maintain that he is not. God, has faith only in the power of love and enlightenment. How, then, shall he be prevented? The bigot picks up the question J have propounded, “How shall the holding ard the teaching ofer-or be prevented?” Christian or Bigot? and answers, “It must be prevented bv law.” The Chris- NOW it may be thought that in what I have written ^£n picks up^the questmen and answers, It must be met above, in language which sounds so much like the by education, language of the Pharisee, I have been speaking ironically, that I have been satirizing the bigot. I have not. I have “ 2UE5-ION or ethdd written perhaps with an unusual naivete, but with sin- T TISTORY witnesses :o the sanity and the effectiveness cerity. I have recorded what I believe is the attitude of X JL of the Christ* an’s method, arc to the falsity and the every man who is certain of his faith. Many there are, futility of the bigot’s remedy. All the history of the battle indeed, who have no certain faith, who can say sincerely for liberty of conscience and freedom of thought testifies to their neighbor, “You may be right and I may be wrong. that men’s minds, whether in t~uth or in error, cannot be I don’t know. It doesn’t matter.” But such men will never controlled by law. Persecution is prolific of propaganda, make an impression upon their age nor upon their posterity; Throttle a faith, and it has a thousand throats. If that faith they are mere pawns in the game of life. The man who be a truth, nothing car kill it; if i: be an error, it can be makes history, the man who determines policies and es- downed only by open discussion. Lev never yet established tablishes a school of thought, is the man who believes a zruth nor destroyed an error. Let a law be enacted against implicitly that he has the truth, and, conversely, that his ary practice or theory which men hole, whether it be good opponent is in error. # or evil, and sympathy s immediacy created for it. If Y NEIGHBOR does not believe what I believe; my neighbor is wrong. It is dangerous for my neighbor to be wrong; dangerous to himself, dangerous to our community, dangerous to the nation, PAGE SIXTEEN THE WATCHMAN MAGAZINE that law be upheld by a minority or a bare majority, the adverse sympathy created may result in a nullification of the law, either by repeal or by neglect. Law has no power to change men’s minds, nor to effect the reforms which are dependent upon such change of mind. It takes a divine patience to abide in the face of the threat of error, with all confidence that education can and will defeat that threat. The average man, seeing the damage that error is doing, or that supposed error seems to be doing, is all for force to stop it. “The law!” he cries; “Let us have a law to stop that evil.” And forthwith, having his law, he thinks it will be stopped. He has a childish faith in the efficacy of law, as though law in itself had power to create right. Law is Only a Signboard I AW is nothing but a standard of conduct, a signboard j pointing the way. Law may be right, yet it can in itself accomplish nothing. There must be will, human will, to direct the actions of men in accordance with law, or the law is without force. That will can be directed, that purpose shaped, only by the employment of education; and the prime element of education is love. In order that any law may be effective, there must be behind it the force of individual will, and of that collective will which is called public opinion. To create that public opinion it is necessary to educate the public; that is to say, the individuals who, all together, compose the public. It is true that a law may for a time be enforced by determined officials without the backing of public opinion, but not for long. The supreme victory is won, not when a mere majority of the citizenry is secured in support of the law, but when the whole public, or almost the whole, is secured. Then the recalcitrant few may without difficulty be made to conform outwardly to the law. In the case of those few evil-doers, it is true, there may be no conversion of will; the law has no more made them over than if they were in the majority. But the influence of education has made a majority in favor of the law, and therefore the enforcement of the law against the few transgressors is comparatively easy. But yet in this case, as in every other, the law in itself accomplishes nothing. If it be a bad law, even though public opinion be for the moment behind it, it is likely to be overthrown by a reversal of public opinion, due to the influence of a right education. Therefore, whether a law be right or wrong, the real battle lies not in the arena of law but on the field of discussion and searching for truth. “Truth is mighty, and must prevail.” The Triumph of Love THE Founder of Christianity appealed, not to law, but to the power of love and the teaching of truth. He put His trust in the power of the spirit; and while for the moment He seemed to be overwhelmed by the power of evil law, in the end He emerged conqueror over kingdoms, principalities, and •SEPTEMBER, I925 powers. Not yet is His victory complete, but it will soon be complete, and the triumph of love, education, spirit, be manifest to all the universe. The disciple of Christ will follow His leading, not only because he believes it to be right, but because he perceives it to be wise. He may for a time face triumphant error, error which seems to sweep everything before it; and to oppose that error he has nothing but the teaching of truth. Truth may seem to be swept from the field, but still he stays with truth, he teaches truth, he casts as it were the seed of truth to be trampled under foot of men; but in the end that seed springs up and bears the harvest of victory. As for one’s own children, one’s own school, one’s own church, let me add that the power of truth is as great in their cases as it can be to the rest of the world. Strength of mind and of soul is gained, not by absolute shielding from contact with error, but by fortifying the mind and soul with the truth. If my children are subjected to the influence of error and evil, I must teach them truth, and I must make for them an environment of truth. No law can defend them against error; truth can. Men who turn to civil law for the championing of their cause have lost the vision of Christianity. No matter whether they are in the wrong or in the right in the belief they hold, by appealing to impotent law they lose their cause. If they would first win their cause by their teaching and their service, then if that cause should fall within the province of civil government, it might properly be embodied in statute law, not to secure it but to register it. But to seize upon law in the beginning as a strategic position the maintenance of which is the gauge of victory, is to seize upon the weakest possible position to defend, the most difficult to hold and, because of the psychological effect, the most disastrous to lose. I want no law to uphold my faith. My religion — whether of belief in God, in the Bible as His inspired Word, in Sabbath-keeping, in direct creation as opposed to evolution, in Christian education versus agnostic science — my religion would be profaned by civil law. Such an alliance would be fatal. I hire no army of Caesar with the coin of God’s temple. Let God be the champion of His truth, and let me as a soldier in His ranks fight not with the weapons of law but with the invincible arms of the Spirit. ^ ^ The mud-pie method of creating man arouses much mirth among the proponents of the theory that man’s eyes evolved out of freckles on our blind mollusk ancestors, and his legs and arms from irritating warts when our forefathers wriggled on their bellies. Just to choose between these fancies, I’d prefer the first. But the mud-pie method is not found in Genesis. The words, “of the dust of the ground” contain, in embryo, all our modern knowledge of the chemistry of the human body. They do not picture God’s manner and gesture in performing the act of creation. Look for that in Ps. 33:6,9. Kadel & Herbert “Miss Liberty’s” hand and torch. PAGE SEVENTEEN Christian ] OUTH AMERICA is in a unique sense the Continent of Opportunity. Every continent, even the oldest, offers its opportunities to the seeing eye, but none is so rich in possibilities as this youngest of them all. It would almost seem as though Francisco Pizarro, that daring, giant-framed, Spanish adventurer who, with his handful of followers, was to discover and conquer the vast Inca Empire, must have had some vision of the immense riches of South America on that momentous day on which he made his great decision on the Isle of Gallo. His enterprise of discovery had only just begun, but its beginnings had cost so heavily in the health and lives of his men that these were almost all bent on returning, and the governor of Panama had sent two ships under the command of Tafur, with strict orders to bring back all the survivors of the expedition. The historian Prescott describes the scene as follows: “ Drawing his sword, he [Pizarro] traced a line with it on the sand from east to west. Then, turning toward the south, ‘Friends and comrades!' he said, ‘on this side are toil, hunger, nakedness, the drenching storm, desertion, and death; on this side [indicating the north], ease and pleasure. There lies Peru with its riches; here, Panama and its poverty. Choose, each man, what best becomes a brave Castilian. For my part, I go to the south.' So saying, he stepped across the line.” Thirteen of his companions imitated his example. All the rest chose the course of safety and returned to Panama. But the daring faith of that handful of men was justified beyond their wildest dreams. A few short years placed the great Inca Empire, with all its immense treasures of gold, silver, and precious stones, at the feet of Pizarro and his followers. Billions in Minerals BUT in spite of the countless wealth that Pizarro and the conquistadores expropriated from the Indians and loaded onto the great Spanish galleons for shipment to Spain, South America is still enormously rich in mineral resources. Gold and silver and precious stones are still found in profitable quantities. There are whole mountains of copper ore. Tin abounds, and tungsten and others of the rarer and more valuable minerals figure among the regular exports, while its natural deposits of saltpeter are among the richest in the world. Its agricultural and forestal resources are stupendous. Brazil is already one of the world’s chief sources of coffee, and the Argentine, of wheat; yet South America is producing but a small fraction of the foodstuffs it might. Thousands of square miles of rich, virgin soil still await the farmer's plow, and there are deserts on the western coast, hundreds of miles in extent, that await but easily applied irrigation to blossom as the rose. In Brazil alone there are thousands of square miles of forest where the sound of the ax is never heard. In addition to all this, while every part of the continent produces its own meat in abundance, the Argentine has become a very important source of beef and mutton for Great Britain and other countries of Europe. And here again the possibilities of expansion are wonderful. With such vast natural resources, the industrial and commercial possibilities of the great southern continent are virtually limitless, and as yet have been comparatively little exploited. With an area more than double that of the United States (not including Alaska), and with a population amounting to less than half that of the United States, it surely has possibilities for material development such as perhaps no other continent in all the world has. The Seed of a Miracle A YOUNG Swiss cabinetmaker in Chile, who had embraced this new faith, became fired with the purpose of providing Protestant literature in Spanish, and by the And of Missionary Opportunity ANOTHER field of opportunity in il South America that has been strangely neglected is that of missionary endeavor. Roman Catholicism, introduced by the conquerors at the point of the sword, was said to have won the whole continent to its faith, and for hundreds of years no other religion was tolerated. Roman Catholic clergy controlled the education and to a large extent the government of all the countries into which the continent is divided. This fact, together with that of its enormous wealth, made the church of Rome the most powerful organization in all this great territory. But the commercial awakening that followed on the heels of the successive revolutions that resulted in freeing the South American colonies from Spain's dominion, brought in Protestant merchants from England and elsewhere; and little by little, in secret, other faiths came to be practiced. In those early days, however, the Protestants counted themselves fortunate if they were allowed to follow their own faith unmolested, and no organized effort .was made to win converts from Catholicism. It was not until some thirty or forty years ago that the first beginnings were made in regular missionary work,4 and one of the first denominations to engage in this was the Seventh-day Adventist, whose first efforts were very small. At that time, the power of Catholicism was virtually absolute in the continent, and the propagandist of Protestant doctrines carried his life in his hands. The first Adventist missionaries to arrive were colporteurs, who disembarked at different ports on both the eastern and the western coast and sold English literature to such as could and would read it. At that time there was no missionary literature in the Spanish. But in part as a result of the labors of those colporteurs and in part by other means, the first small harvest of souls was soon garnered in, and the new converts, who knew the vernacular, started out to propagate in it their new-found faith. PAGE EIGHTEEN THE WATCHMAN MAGAZINE SOUTH AMERICA at home, By Edgar help of his missionary friends actually got together a small printing equipment, and became editor, printer, and distributing agent of a small periodical. The little nucleus of believers did not settle down in one place where they could be of mutual help and protection, but boldly traveled here and there, propagating their faith. Armed with Spanish literature, a group of them went far north into Peru, where they were promptly imprisoned, being released | only to be banished from the country. Later, the young editor himself made a long tour through the highlands of Bolivia and Peru, distributing literature and preaching as he went. And it was some of that literature, sold under difficulties and amid grave dangers, that proved to be the seed from which sprang one of the miracles of modern missions,— the wonderful work accomplished by the Adventist missions on the lofty plateaus around Lake Titicaca. A young Indian chieftain living on the Peruvian shore of this lake, Manuel Z. Camacho by name, had in his early youth led rather a wild life, which landed him in prison. There a New Testament, left no doubt by some Protestant Bible colporteur, fell into his hands and effected a profound change in his life. On being released from prison, he set to work to help the young Indians of his neighborhood by gathering them into his little hut in the evenings and imparting to them the rudiments of education he himself had obtained while engaged as a little servant-lad in a family of Spanish descent in the south of Peru. It was about this time in his career that he got hold of some of the periodicals that the young Adventist editor had scattered. Deeply interested in what he read, he imparted it to his pupils, together with the lessons he had already drawn from his study of the New Testament. Thus it was that after awhile he wrote to the Adventist mission that had now been established in Lima, the capital of Peru, asking that a missionary be sent further to instruct him and his converts. Two missionaries went in response to the call, and they were astonished at what they found. No less than two hundred Indians met them at the railway terminus, twenty-one miles from Camacho’s home, and escorted them in triumph to their school. Their wonder was all the greater in that all former efforts to reach these Indians had failed to overcome their inbred distrust and passive hatred of white men, who had for centuries exploited and ill-treated them. But after the most rigid examination, it was found that over thirty of these Indians were soundly converted, and these were received into the church by baptism. It is impossible here to enter into all the wonderful story of the growth of the Lake Titicaca Indian Mission under the direction of that apostle to the Inca Indians, Pastor F. A. Stahl, and his successors. Amid all kinds of perils and persecution, the missionaries, both native and foreign, have stayed by their task until to-day there is a chain of missions about Lake Titicaca whose outposts have been extended from the interior of Ecuador in the north far down into Bolivia. The admirable educational and medical work carried on by these missions has won the approval and protection of Catholic governments, and the work still goes forward with ever-increasing momentum. On one of his long missionary trips, Pastor Stahl arrived at the home of an Indian family on the northwest shore of Lake Titicaca. Besides attending to the sick, he told that family the simple gospel story that they had never before heard. So moved were they, that when the time came for him to go they begged him to come again and tell them more. He replied that he did not know whether he would be able to visit them personally, but that he would at least try to send some other teacher. ‘‘But how shall we know that he comes from you?” asked the father, fearful in his illiteracy of being deceived by some impostor. For answer Pastor Stahl picked up a pebble which, with a sharp blow, he broke in two. One half he gave to the Indian, saying as he did so: “The teacher I send will carry with him this half of the pebble that I have retained.” i An Abundant Harvest N THE course of time that promise was redeemed, and as a result there sprang up at that place, Umuchi, the prosperous Broken Stone Mission. So rapidly did that mission grow that on one occasion, only a short time after the church building had been erected there, no less than 267 candidates for admission into church fellowship were baptized in a single day — the fruitage of one year’s work. Even this remarkable harvest of souls was surpassed some time later at another mission. Missionary Pedro Kalbermatter is an Argentine of Swiss descent, and a son of one of the earliest converts in that country to the Adventist faith. In his youth, as a conscript, he suffered floggings, imprisonment, and various SEPTEMBER, I925 PAGE NINETEEN other forms of punishment popular in the Argentine army in those days, rather than violate his conscientious scruples against working on God’s rest-day. His loyalty was in the end crowned with success, and he received an honorable discharge. Later, after years of preparation, he was sent as a missionary to the Lake Titicaca Mission. Up to that time the missionaries had worked almost exclusively amongst the Indians of the Aimara tribe, but in response to repeated appeals from communities belonging to the more important Quichua tribe, it was decided to send Missionary Kalber-matter to labor among them. A Gallant Defense A FAVORABLE site was chosen for the new mission at a place called Laro, and building operations were immediately begun. One little room had already been roughly finished, so that the missionary and his native helper might have a lodging-place, and the walls of the school and church were being raised, when he learned that a massed attack was to be made on the mission, with the object of destroying it and killing him. He had in his possession a few firearms and other weapons, and his first impulse was to sell his life as dearly as possible. But then the thought seized him that such a procedure was unworthy of a representative of the Prince of peace; so calling his faithful Indian helper to him, he explained that if it were God’s will, He could still deliver them from their grave danger, and in any case it was better to die trusting in Him than with the stain of their enemies* blood on their hands. Then, together, they dug a deep hole in the mud floor of the little room and buried in it all their arms and ammunition, and then in prayer they placed themselves under the divine protection. Very soon the attackers were seen approaching across the plain, headed by a group of well-armed horsemen. On drawing nearer, the latter separated themselves from the rest of the crowd and advanced at a gallop. Kalbermatter went out alone to meet them and asked what they wanted. Angrily they began to abuse and threaten him, and endeavored to trample him under the hoofs of their horses; but at the touch of the missionary’s hands these refused to do their owners’ bidding. In time his enemies became confused, and finally, after threatening him with death if he did not immediately leave the place, they rode away. The Seed of the Church HE STAYED on, however, and carried the building almost to completion. But one day, taking advantage of his absence, they razed it to the ground. Disappointed, but not daunted, he started at once to rebuild the whole mission, and this time he was able to complete his work. Another attack was made in the course of this rebuilding, but this time the enemies confined themselves to shooting down the poor, defenseless Indian builders who fled at their approach. Twelve of these were killed outright and many more wounded. But this brutal outrage did not keep the Indians away from the mission. They attended in ever increasing numbers, and at the end of that first year of its existence, no less than 287 converts were baptized in a single day. As for the ringleaders of the attacks, all of them have at one time or another been glad in the hour of sickness to avail themselves of the missionary’s practiced and ready aid; and in this way from enemies they have been changed to fast friends. When sickness obliged Pastor Stahl to abandon the high altitudes in the neighbor- (Continued on page 2j) NEWS-O-GRAPHS By Charles G. Bellah RECORDS of the Georgia State Insane Asylum show an alarming number of boys and girls going crazy. Alienists report that this same condition is nation-wide; due largely to white lights, too much jazz, and not enough old-fashioned, common-sense way of living. Pocket flasks, sex magazines, pampering, dances, and high-powered autos are given as reasons for “child lunatics.” Any man, who is not himself crazy, can easily see that a lot of other folks are. If God doesn’t help us, what will become of this busy, buzzy, jazzy, crazy age? The return of Jesus is the answer. A PASTOR of one of the churches in a Nebraska town, recently gave a smoker to some boon companions in the church parlors. This act, with some other things, created quite a furor among the older and more staid members of the flock. The outcome of it all was that the pastor was removed. How strange when the sheep must take the lead, and the shepherds go astray! The Lord says: “Woe be unto the pastors that destroy and scatter the sheep. ... I will set up shepherds over them which shall feed them.” Jer. 23: 1, 4. May the Lord bless the sheep, and help them everywhere to set a good example to the shepherds! J* *__________________________________ RS. HELEN LA HAYE secured a divorce from her husband, and was granted $1,000 alimony, and custody of a nine-year-old cat. Mr. La Haye will be allowed to visit the cat frequently. What a profound pleasure it must be to him, that he can do this! His wife’s affections are easily laid aside. But the cat’s love — never! It is sincerely hoped that nothing will ever arise between him and his pet, to break the “sacred” tie! That would be a calamity indeed. Mrs. La Haye should be careful not to estrange the cat’s affection away from her ex-husband. May his one life be in peace with its nine! A MUSEUM of the ridiculous is on sale in Paris. The owner, who died recently, had gathered together as many ridiculous things as possible, often paying fabulous prices for them. But why buy them, and build a museum? Every city, town, and hamlet has a free museum of the ridiculous, and it is held in the open. Stand on any street corner for thirty minutes, with eyes open, and a grand exhibition of the supremely ridiculous will pass by. More ridiculous than any high-minded person wants to see. The paint and powder; the frippery and foppishness will cause modesty to crimson with the extravagant parade. PAGE TWENTY THE WATCHMAN MAGAZINE Pale FOOD, Pale FACES EOPLE who advocate a non-flesh diet are sometimes asked why non-meat eaters have such pale faces. Not all of them do have pale faces, especially those who live much out of doors. But some do. And I believe the reason is that a diet which does not include meat is very likely to be lacking in iron, which the body must have to build healthy, red blood. Meat is not a particularly good source of iron, but in the diet of many it is the richest in iron of anything they eat; and when meat is eaten three times a day, a sufficient amount of iron is obtained. But when meat is omitted from the diet and the remainder of the diet contains white bread, white rice, candy, sugar, cakes, pies, and other sweetened foods, milk, beans, potatoes, and a small quantity of other vegetables, the person is sure to suffer from too little iron in the blood. The examination of the blood of several thousand persons at a Race Betterment Exhibition in Chicago in 1920 showed the average haemoglobin (the iron compound in the blood) to be twenty per cent below normal. This suggests that nearly everyone is anaemic, even of those who eat meat; and in the average American diet there are almost no foods rich in iron except meat. Then what must the diet be with the meat left out, unless iron-rich foods are added ? Truly, when people leave meat out of their diet they need to do something more than substitute beans and an occasional glass of milk for the meat. To get the required amount of iron from meat or beans or other high-protein foods requires the taking of altogether too much protein. Where to Get Iron THERE is really no place in a diet that is to be rich in iron, for white bread and candy, nor for more than a very limited quantity of sugar-sweetened desserts. Sweets should be obtained from sweet fruits like raisins, prunes, figs, dates, pears, bananas, sweet oranges, molasses, honey. These contain iron as well as sugar. The foods richest in iron are greens of all kinds, and a large dish of greens should be eaten every day. Other foods that are rich in iron are egg yolk, lentils, wheat bran, molasses, beans, peas, whole wheat, oatmeal, figs, dates, prunes, raisins, nuts, natural brown rice. But most of these foods that are rich in iron are not SEPTEMBER, I925 Where to get that Iron for the Ulood By George E. CORNFORTH Expert Dietitian common constituents of the diet. So they should be made so. Thought should be bestowed upon choosing, every day, some foods that are rich in iron. Each of the following quantities of the various foods mentioned supplies a day’s ration of iron: quarter pound (less than one head) of Romaine lettuce, nine eggs, two cups of cooked lentils, one half pound of wheat bran, three fourths cup of molasses, two and one half cups of cooked lima beans, one cup of dock greens, twelve shredded wheat biscuits, one and one fourth cups of mustard greens, fourteen ounces of lean beef, one and three fourths cups of spinach, one and three fourths cups of turnip greens, one pound two ounces of dates, one pound two ounces of figs, one pound two ounces of ripe olives, one pound two ounces of prunes (before cooking), two and one half cups of dandelion greens, two and one half cups of chard, one pound of all-of-the-wheat bread, one and one half pounds of raisins. A Wide Variety of Food THIS means that the quantity of each food mentioned supplies a day’s requirement of iron, if nothing else in the diet contains any iron. But also everything we eat contains at least a little iron. From this it is seen how easy it, is to get the required amount of iron from greens, because one could easily eat in one day greens enough to supply all the iron needed. Some of the foods here mentioned should enter freely into each day’s diet. I have included lean beef in the list of foods, not because I recommend meat, but to show how easy it is for a person who eats freely of meat three times a day to get a sufficient amount of iron, and how liable a diet which does not contain meat nor much of the other foods mentioned is to be deficient in iron. Contrast with the foods in this list white bread and white rice, of which it requires three and one half pounds to contain a day’s ration of iron. Though potatoes are a starchy food and some people think they are to be avoided for the same reason that white bread is to be avoided, yet they are a much better source of iron. It requires only two and one half pounds of potatoes to furnish a day’s ration of iron. It takes six and one half quarts of milk to furnish enough iron for one day. But let us not discard milk on this account. Milk is supremely valuable in other (Continued on page 28) PAGE TWENTY-ONE driving in the interior of Venezuela, two hundred fifty miles from Caracas and "almost that far from the nearest railway. The road—if :he d m streaks we were following could be called a road — zigzagged over the grassy, sandy plain wherever the mule carts, the prairie schooners of Venezue a, had chosen to travel as they carried the products of the interior to market in Caracas and its nearby towns. Burt: the mission Ford sped along merrily, never once comp aining about the difficulties it had to overcome to make progress. Presently we came to a dump of trees and a native house that served as a home for the family and a wayside inn for the mule^cart drivers. There was nothing about this place that attracted us mere than the many other similar places along the road. However, we soon had occasion to distinguish it from all others; for the driver, who seemed to have an unfailing memory for landmarks, said, “There is the place I told you abcut, wkere the man nailed a board on the side of his house.” The one word “beard” brought back the story at once. In fact, we had seen this very man a few days before in Caracas, where he was attending a meeting and preparing to go forth to sell Christian literature to people who were waiting for the same blessed message that had brought hope and cheer into nis own heart. A Distress Signal BUT you are wondering ubout the “board,” so we must turn back a page or two in our story. This man, a farmer and an innkeeper away off in the heart of the great Llanos, as the plains in the interior of Venezuela are called, hungered for something belter than he had succeeded in finding in the empty, mean ngless forms of his former religion. And so, somenow, isolated as he was, he secured a Bible. Being fortunate enough to be able to read, he began at once to study. As he struggled o^er the sacred pages, new hope shone into his discouraged heart. Then came a longing to understand more fully the wonderful things in the Book. He learned from some of the wayfaring men who halted at his door that there were missionaries in Venezuela who could help him, and that the name of one of those missionaries was “Baxter.” Every atom of information he treasured; but how could he use :t, roo:ed as he was, out there on the almost uninhabited plains, where neighbors were miles away? V) ct* ¥lh of thfdistress signal of a , yff^gidTio^tke loving , OME iAn episode of the vast plains of 'Venezuela “I will put on my house a board with Rev. 22: 14 on it,” he said in his heart, “and if any of the missionaries pass this way and see it, they will know that a Protestant lives here.” So the board was put up. Some time after this, when Pastor W. E. Baxter and others were making a tour into the interior, they decided to eat their lunch under a shade tree near^ this house. Of course they knew nothing of the board with the text, nor of the longing heart of the man that lived there. But God knew all about it; and His deep, boundless love could not forget the heart that was longing to come to Him for rest. Somehow the group under the tree attracted the attention of the man who had put up the board. Soon he approached the missionaries, asking in Spanish, “Is your name Baxter? ” Surprise was stamped on every face. But our heavenly Father had made the point of contact, and soon another heart was rejoicing in the blessed promises of God. A World Full of Longing Hearts THOUSANDS of other distress signals are hoisted today in all lands. Not boards with scrawls on them — oh, no; but anxious faces looking hither and yon for something better than they have found in this world, and restless feet ever turning down untried paths in hot pursuit of some new-spun theory. Look wherever you will, and you will see men and women turning unsatisfied and heartsick from the bright prospects of yesterday, and rushing into some other avenue of adventure, while trying in vain to anesthetize their aching hearts by plunging into the turbulent maelstrom of worldly pleasure and excitement. In this surging, despairing tide of humanity are all classes — the rich and the poor, learned and ignorant, the young and the old — tid it seems that there can be no relief from the deep, unsatisfied longing that is tossing them from one thing to another. And yet there is relief! The same loving Father that watched over the man groping for light in the interior of Venezuela is watching over every heart that longs for relief from its aches and pains. The same Saviour that bled and died on Calvary is still standing with outstretched hands, pleading: “Come unto Me, all ye that labor and are heavy laden, and I will give you rest.” He pleads with every heart to turn to Him, for well He knows that there is nothing secure in this world to which we can safely anchor our souls. He is our only hope. Everything else is steeped in uncertainty. Belshazzar felt secure, PAGE TWENTY-TWO THE WATCHMAN MAGAZINE for he was the first ruler in the land; but position could not save him. Death came to the rich man while he was planning to build larger barns; his money could not buy off that relentless foe. Samson had wonderful strength; but he was shorn of it through the conspiracy of his deceitful Delilah. All Judea flocked to hear John the Baptist; but popularity waned, nor could it save him from the unscrupulous hand of Herodias. Joab clung to the horns of the altar; but the act could not save him — there is neither salvation nor lasting comfort in the mere form of religion. The experiences of those Bible characters are being repeated in the lives of men and women to-day; yet still the world rushes on, refusing to learn that God is the only unfailing Helper of the human heart. Men persistently refuse to look up where the outstretched hands, with the nail prints of undying love, are still waiting to draw into the ark of safety every one who longs to be free from the heartaches and woes that oppress. Yet how few will learn from the experience of others that Jesus, the Man of Calvary, is the only solution of their problems. How can the hearts of those who know not God keep out of the depths of despair, when mortals are called to sit beside Cherith, and see the laughing, rollicking stream dry up until it becomes a winding path of stones scorching in the hot sun? They may be called to sit beside the drying brook of friendship dwindling away through death and separation: or the drying brook of health, wasting away under some subtle but fatal disease; or it may be the drying brook of success vanishing through an unbroken series of inevitable failures. Many, indeed, are the mourners beside Cherith to-day. Everywhere war and devastation, destruction by land and sea, disease and trouble, perplexity of nations and men, social tangles and domestic troubles, are robbing the human heart of life’s best treasures; still in despair men rush on grasping for other things that lead to disappointment. But happy, indeed, are they who, like the man in Venezuela, look up from the disappointing things of this life to the Saviour of us all — to “Jesus! the answer to all our doubts, the spring of all our courage, the earnest of all our hopes, the charm omnipotent against all our foes, the remedy for all weakness, the SEPTEMBER, I925 supply of all our wants, the fullness of all our desires.” Yes, Jesus never disappoints! He never fails! He never forsakes! He satisfies indeed! And even to-day He is saying to you who have known so many disappointments, who have felt so many heartaches: “Come unto Me, . . . and I will give you rest.” And the rest He gives is full of peace and joy such as the world never knows. He knows all about our failures, He knows how we have turned away from Him to try every other remedy for our heartaches; but He loves us just the same; and, still yearning for us to be supremely and enduringly happy, He continues to plead with us to come unto Him. “I’m so satisfied with Jesus, He is all in all to me, And I could not do without Him — He my constant stay shall be.” # <§> The Open Door in South America (Continuedfrom page 20) hood of Lake Titicaca, he found a new and entirely virgin field for his efforts in the savage tribes of Indians that inhabit the dense forests on the eastern side of the Andes, where the mighty Amazon has its birth. Here, by the same patient ministry of healing that had won its way to the hearts of the Aimara and Quichua tribes, he is winning the wild children of the forest. Schools and churches are now established among savages never conquered by white man. On the one hand, on the bleak mountainsides of the Andes, the silent, exploited, and resentful Inca Indians,unlettered and imbruted by alcohol and the use of the enslaving coca leaf (from which cocaine is extracted), are being transformed by the gospel into clean, intelligent, industrious, Christian citizens. On the other, the wild denizens of the steamy, tropical forestare being changed by the same power. Here is the noblest field of opportunity offered by the Continentof Op-portunity. Here its greatest wealth — its sons and daughters — is being mined and refined and polished, the first rich veins of that wealth that, in the eyes of the Proprietor of the universe, is of greater worth than the gold of Ophir or Peru. PAGE TWENTY-THREE Schooh Many people seem to think that the ungodliness of children will cease, if moral training as well as mental be given in our schools. In our town, this subject be gan to be agitated when a Catholic priest was given permission to use the schoolhouse for the purpose of giving religious instruction to the children of his faith, once every week. Naturally, this stirred the Protestants to action, with the result that the Protestant children, each Monday, are dismissed an hour earlier, to go to the churches of their respective faiths, to receive forty-five minutes of religious instruction. This is not compulsory. Any child whose parents do not want him to attend such religious classes must remain in school and be required to do the regular work. Although this plan has been in operation for a year, still juvenile delinquency continues, while in our face is flaunted the charge that it is because the home is failing in its function. And so I ask, Why is it, parents, that you are so busy seeking omes ^artha E^ner your own amusement that you try to shift the responsibility of the training of your children to the school and to the church? Do you think that forty-five minutes of religious instruction per week is going to send your children heavenward, while you stay playing about the dividing line between the heavenward and the hellward course? The instruction of Christ from the pillar of cloud, to the children of Israel, defines the duty of parents. Let us read it. “And thou shalt love the Lord thy God with all thine heart, and with all thy soul, and with all thy might. And these words, which I command thee this day, shall be in thine heart: . . . and thou shall talk of them when thou sittest in thine house, and when thou walkest by the way, and when thou liest down, and when thou risest up.” When parents faithfully follow out these words of instruction, then, and only then, will the rising tide of juvenile crime be checked. Thus, and only thus, can the standard of morality be raised. Ir^EJlHINGS are not going right in this world to-day along moral lines, because humanity in general has lost out of its life the consciousness of God. The oft-repeated question, “What’s wrong with gSSBiC the world?” may be answered by setting down zP \ just three letters, S-I-N. But all sin finds its root in a departure from God. Sin comes in when men leave God out of their reckoning. The moral degeneracy and spiritual declension of our time present a striking fulfillment of that last-day prophecy, written by the greatest of all Christian apostles, in 2 Tim. 3: 1-5. But this list of sins, which Paul declared would characterize the latter times, is almost identical with the picture he drew of the Roman world in his own day in Rom. 1: 29-32. With a master hand the apostle points out that this terrible moral perverseness of his age came as the result of forgetting God. Men refused to have God in their knowledge. They served the creature rather than the Creator. So it is to-day. Things are not going right, because men have forgotten the God of their salvation, and have not been mindful of the true Rock of their strength. When men leave God out of their reckoning their best efforts will fail, and things will not turn out according to their ideals. Men have planted their pleasant plants of peace and altruism; they have hedged them in with care; in the morning they have made their seed to blossom; but, because they have left God out of it, the hoped-for harvest will flee away in the day of grief and desperate sorrow. (Isa. 17: 10, 11.) Men Have Forgotten God THE cause of our moral confusion and spiritual desolation is set forth in these words from the prophet of God: “For My people have committed two evils; they have forsaken Me the fountain of living waters, and hewed them out cisterns, broken cisterns, that can hold no water.” Jer. 2: 13. All this leads us to say, that out of the multitudinous things that have to do with our lives day by day, there is nothing of greater importance than to keep God before us constantly. Man’s greatest duty in this world is to remember God. The seven most important words of Scripture are: “ Thou shalt remember the Lord thy God” Deut. 8: 18. Two of the essential truths that the Bible teaches concerning God are: God, our Creator; God, our Possessor and Redeemer. Look at the very first verse in the Bible: “In the beginning God created the heaven and the earth.” When we open the Book of God, the first sentence directs our mind to God the Creator. The very first verse brings us face to face with God our Creator. When the Lord has a special word for the young people, to what does He direct their attention?: “Remember now thy Creator in the days of thy youth.” Eccl. 12: 1. His appeal to the young is on the basis of His creatorship. Then, in the last book of the Bible, we find that one of the essential features of God’s message for the last generation, is the proper recognition of God as creator. “Worship Him that made heaven, and earth, and the sea, and the fountains of waters.” Rev. 14: 7. This particular truth has a special significance for our time. In these days when the theory of evolution is so widespread, and men are attempting to account for the origin of man aside from a direct act on the part of the Almighty, it is very important that we recognize God as the creator of all. Two GREAT You cannot afford to lose God out oj your reckoning; yet you are sure to lose Him ifyou neglect the tokens of His creatorship and ownership This great truth of God the Creator, naturally leads us into a second great truth — God the Possessor. When you make a table out of materials that belong to you, the table is yours. This gives you a priority of claim to ownership. No one can dispute your title to it. So the Creator of all becomes the Possessor of all. Thus the psalmist says: “The earth is the Lord’s and the fullness thereof; the world, and they that dwell therein.” Ps. 24: 1. Every beast of the forest is the Lord’s; and the cattle upon a thousand hills. (Ps. 50: 10-12). The silver and gold are His. (Hag. 2: 8.) It is He who gives us power to get wealth. (Deut. 8: 18.) Even we ourselves belong to Him. (1 Cor. 6: 19, 20.) These two truths form the basis of our obligation to God. The reason God has a right to demand our worship, require our service, and exact our obedience, is because He is our creator and possessor. Tokens of Remembrance THE Lord never asks us to believe anything without providing ways and means whereby we may show our faith by corresponding works; for in the Bible it is written large, “Faith without works is dead.” When God asked Noah to believe that the flood was coming, He also assigned him the task of building an ark, which afforded a means whereby he could show his faith. So we can rest assured, in our acceptance of these two great truths concerning God — God the Creator, and God the Possessor — that the Lord has provided appropriate means, whereby we are to demonstrate our living, genuine faith in this particular, important, twofold conception of God. Thus we are led first to inquire, How are we to remember our Creator? By what act or acts on our part do we show our true faith in God as creator of all? Here is the answer in His own words: “And hallow My Sabbaths; and they shall be a sign between Me and you, that ye may know that I am the Lord your God.” Eze. 20: 20. God has ordained that the Sabbath institution shall ever stand as a sign, pointing to Him as the creator and the true God. The keeping of the seventh-day Sabbath on our part becomes a badge, or distinguishing mark, which identifies us as worshipers of the Creator. God has appointed the Sabbath for the express purpose of being His distinctive sign. (Eze. 20: 12.) But the Sabbath becomes PAGE TWENTY-FOUR THE WATCHMAN MAGAZINE l^eminders %y JOHN L. SHULER the Creator's distinctive sign in our lives only as we hallow the seventh day. Thus He says, “Hallow my Sabbaths; and they shall be a sign” In the fourth commandment of the decalogue, as recorded in Ex. 20: 8-11, we note, that the creation of all things in six days and God's rest on the seventh day are the very reasons assigned by Jehovah for the requirement of man’s observance of the seventh day. The Sabbath is God's memorial of creation. The observance of this weekly memorial in the keeping of the seventh-day Sabbath is that act of obedience by which we declare our personal faith in Jehovah as the creator of all things. Thus the keeping of the seventh day every week is not a mere empty form. It is not a fad or peculiar whim whereby we may be different from those around us. But it is a definite, practical way to show by our works our faith in God as the creator of all. When thus observed, the seventh day of every week of our life stands out as our testimony to God the Creator. Every time we keep the seventh day, we show our faith in the great I AM, who made all things in six days and rested the seventh day. The Token of God's Ownership NOW we are ready for our second question, How do we show our faith in God as the possessor of all? By what act on our part do we acknowledge God’s ownership of all? Read Gen. 14: 19, 20 and you will see that tithe paying is the act of obedience that God has ordained whereby we acknowledge Him as the possessor of all. The man or woman who faithfully renders to God the tenth, which the Lord has reserved for Himself, thereby shows that he really believes in God as the possessor of all. God as creator and our observance of the Sabbath, God as possessor and our payment of tithe, are to stand related in our lives as faith and works, and must go together like the two oars of a rowboat. Now, “faith, if it have not works, is dead in itself.” Jas. 2: 17, A. R. V. So if a man professes to believe in God as his creator, and then willfully and knowingly neglects the keeping of the true Sabbath, his faith in God the Creator is dead and void, whether he realizes it or not, because he lacks the sign of the Creator. If a man claims to believe in God as his possessor, and willfully neglects the payment of his tithe, his faith is vain, because in failing to respect God’s portion, he is actually denying God's ownership in his life. Many people regard the Sabbath and tithe as irksome requirements. They look on them as hard sayings, which humanity cannot bear. But the Sabbath and the tithe are SEPTEMBER, I925 not burdensome restrictions. God has not commanded us to rest on the seventh day, merely because He arbitrarily desires to deprive us of a portion of our time from our own business. He does not ask for a tenth of our net income merely because He wants to deprive us of a part of our money. Everything God has ever enjoined upon us is for our good. Our heavenly Father never lays any commands upon us obedience to which will not promote our highest interests. All His precepts are expressions of His love, while our willing obedience to His Word is a testimony of our love to Him. So the Sabbath and the tithe, when correctly understood and rightly regarded, are two beautiful forget-me-nots plucked from the garden of God by the hand of Jesus Christ; given to man that he might remember his dearest Friend and Benefactor. Instead of being a yoke to oppress us, they are a golden clasp that binds our hearts to Him in loving remembrance. The Sabbath is a keepsake from Jesus Christ, that we might remember Him in our time. The tithe is a token of’ affection, whereby we remember Him in our money. When our hearts are really in tune with the Infinite One, every minute ticked off on the last day of the week will say, “Be still, and know that I am God.” When we truly realize our utter dependence upon God for everything, then on every dollar we earn we will see this inscription: “Thou shalt remember the Lord thy God: for it is He who giveth thee power to get wealth.” Deut. 8: 18. Cherish the Divine Keepsakes WE ARE all prone to forget God. Yet it is absolutely necessary that we keep God before us constantly, if we would make the proper development of character in this world, and be saved eternally in the kingdom of God. How thankful we ought to be that God has given us these two beautiful ways of remembering Him in our time and in our money! How we should lovingly cherish these two keepsakes in our lives! There is one question every soul in this world must face sometime: How shall I stand in the judgment? The answer to that question will settle our destiny forever, for eternal weal or woe. What will the answer be? You are writing the answer yourself by the way you remember God day by day. The way we shall stand in the judgment is determined by the way we remember God now. There comes a time in every person’s life when he wants the Lord to remember him. The penitent thief on the cross had this great desire. He had lived his whole life in sin. He had cared nothing about God. He had paid no attention to the Bible, the church, or religion. But now the end of life had come. He was face to face with eternity. His life was ebbing away. He knew that it was beyond the power of man to help him. So he turned to Jesus with the request, “Lord, remember me when Thou comest into Thy king dom,” and Jesus in love and mercy gave him the blessed assurance, that He would remember him with a home in His kingdom. So if you knew right now that you had only four more hours to live, you would want the Lord to remember you. If Jesus were coming at midnight to-night, you would want the Lord to remember you at that hour. But if we want the Lord to remember us at the end, be it at the end of life or the end of time, it is for us to remember Him now in the various ways that He has appointed. Then send tokens of remembrance to God now, and receive rich tokens from Him now and throughout eternity. PAGE TWENTY-FIVE Remarl* s"bk dose-up of i voharic eruption Why this sudden and tragical outbreak of anti-foreign feeling in the Orientf Here is the political and military background against which the riotous student Qhinese are thrown in boldfigures Irwin H. Evans Missionary to China Beneath the Eruption China INC-E the middle of August, 1924,. conditions have been so rap dly shifting in :he Far East that i: is difficult for one to keep in mind :he kaleidoscopic changes that are taking ?lace. In sections cf China, civil war has raged ever since the overthrow of the Manedu Dynas:y. The South had been fighting for years; the West had rebelled against the Peking government and. been brought back to submission; when all or a sudden, in m dsumme:, creiL war broke out in East China. Few persons really understood the causes leading to tnis strife', or could guess the nral outcome. Probably there aie to-day but few men who know cr who see clearly, what :he nature hcxds lor China and her near reighbors. Yet the whole wor.d is looking wit7 .ntense interest on history in the making in the Far East. In order that the reader may mors -clearly understand the present situatior in China, we will summarize briefly the events of the recent past that have taken place since the death cf Yuan Shih Kii and that have thrown China into the late civil war. When the old Mandat Dynasty was overthrown and a republic .declared in 1911-1912, the Cninese, in common with foreign powers interested in China, believed that Yuan Shih Kii was the ore leader w^o was strong enough and powerful enough to work out t^ie pol tical sa. vartion of the ccuntry along .modern lines, and place the newr-born repub-i: on vantage ground. Yuan Shih Kai was one of the most advanced of Chirks statesmen, and where his power had been exerted he bad shown himself efficient, resourceful, and favorable to Western c v li?aticn. It was hoped that under his predcency the new renublic wouid be molded along progressive Enes,and based on a constitution granting liberty to -he people. The Rule OF THE TlCHUNS WHEN Yuan Shih Kai became president, he scon felt the necessity or having in tre various provinces strong military supporl, on which ~e could rely in any PAGE TWENTY-SIX emergency; in fact, he saw that he must secure this before he could hope to consolidate the various provinces into a united republic. The civil provincial governors were weak and vacillating, ever having an eye to their own advancement; so, in order that he might have a backing that would enable him to put into execution his plans and policies, Yuan Shih Kai appointed tuchuns, or military governors, in the respective provinces. These military governors were not subject to the authority of the civil governors, but were held responsible for carrying out orders from Peking. It was their work to maintain order, preserve peace, and keep the provinces in subjection to the government at Peking, and to execute the orders from their chief, Yuan Shih Kai. As long as Yuan Shih Kai was in power, these tuchuns worked no great harm, for they were loyal to him; but after his sudden death in 1916, the situation changed. With strong military power in their hands, they continued as the military heads in the various provinces, and gradually usurped the civil authority and power. The civil governors continued to hold their respective offices; but they were in subjection to the military governors, and were virtually helpless before them. All troops and munitions of war were in the hands of the tuchuns; naturally, the civil governors were obliged to carry out their policies and submit to their dictation. War Goes On WHEN Yuan Shih Kai died, General Li Yuan Hung succeeded him as president of the Chinese republic. While he was a man of only moderate ability, he was loyal to the best interests of China, and believed in constitutional government. It was his purpose that a liberal constitution should be adopted, and that the Chinese republic should become what its name signifies, and the Chinese people learn to govern themselves. President Li and his party, called the Chihli party, were opposed by the Anfu Club party, which was rapidly growing in popularity, and was exerting a strong influence over THE WATCHMAN MAGAZINE Chinese politicians. Japan stood tack of the Anfu Club party, supoly ng it wilh funds, md encouraging it in its opposition to a united China and 2 constitutional government as championed by the ChihE party. Internal conditions rap dly grew worse and worse until, in 1918, Fres.dent Li Tnan Hung was forced from the presidency by the Anfu Club party, and their favorite, Hsu Shih Chang, was made president. At this time Japan was strongly in the lead among the outside nations in the councils at Peking. The Chihli party being ousted from control of the 1 Tier actional & Erudrg Gillowa-j Gen. FENG YU H3]J»NC- anc one of Hs soldiers. arm=c with i. beheading knife. government, it was but natural thar Wu Pei Fu, who had been the strong military general supporting the government dll. tkis time, mnst be disposed of. With a. new president ana 5. new party in power, and with Japan, and her money backing them, it was hoped that perhaps permanency in adminisirat on in China might be worked out. However, it was fearec by the true lovers of China that no great good could foE-ow from the changes that had been effected. Moves and Countermoves IN THE hope that Wu Pei Fu might lose his influence, he was sentinlo the Yangtze Valley no recapture and bring into subjection certain cities that had joined the confederacy of the South. Wu Pei Fu accepted this appointment, and disappointed his enemies, and added glory to his already great name by speedily capturing Yochow and Changsha.The Anfu parly of Peking, jealous of Wu Pei Fu’s increasing popularity, commanded nim to remain in the Yangtze Valley. This he refused ic do, returning to the North in tke summer of 1920, where be met the Anfu troops outside the city of Peking, and defeated them. In this conflict, Wu Pei Fu was joined by Chang Tso Lin, who had been made Inspector-General of Manchuria in 1918, and by Tsac Kun, who was the tuchun of Chihli. When the Anfu army was defeated, the existing government was compelled to change its ministry, ar.cL Tuan Chi Jui, the premier, flee to Tientsin for safety. Tsao Kun then became the Inspector-General of Chihli, Shantung, and Honan, wnile Wu Pei Fu retired to Honan, and later became Vice-Irspectcr-General of the tnree provinces just mentioned. Chang Tso L n had been asked to resign the governor-SFPTEMEEt, 1925 ship of Manchuria, which position he refused to vacate, but more and more he tried to establish himself as dictator in the general administration in Peking. In 1922 Wu Pei Fu, believing that Chang Tso Lin was endeavoring to establish military dictatorship in Peking and obtain absolute control of China, declared war against Chang Tso Lin and his followers. A battle was fought outside Peking, in which Wu Pei Fu won the victory, while Chang Tso Lin withdrew into Manchuria. The government in Peking demanded that Chang Tso Lin resign both his military leadership and the government of Manchuria. Giving little heed to either instructions or orders from Peking, Chang Tso Lin continued the administration of affairs in Manchuria, and set himself the task of collecting large military supplies and munitions of war, drilling and training troops, and, as many believed, equipping himself to regain his lost power. When Wu Pei Fu gained the great victory over Chang Tso Lin, the president, Hsu Shih Chang, was forced to resign his presidency; the Anfu party lost its lead; and Li Yuan Hung was reinstated as the temporary president. Thus the Chihli party came back into power. All this time, the South, under the leadership of the late Dr. Sun Yat Sen, remained in open defiance of the Peking government. Li Yuan Hung continued as president for but a short time, and was succeeded by Tsao Kun, who had the support of General Wu Pei Fu. General Wu now extended his control and influence over all the northern provinces except Kansu and Shansi, which were neutral, and Chekiang, the eastern province. When the Anfu party were in power, the city of Shanghai, though situated in the province of Kiangsu, had been placed under the protection of Lu Yung Hsiang, tuchun of Chekiang; so that really all of China, except the four Southern provinces, Kwangtung, Kwangsi, Kweichow, and Yunnan, and the eastern province of Chekiang, were either under the direct control of General Wu Pei Fu, or of the generals of the Chihli party, which Wu Pei Fu controlled. Wu Pei Fu Drops Out WHEN Lu Yung Hsiang was asked to release his control of Shanghai, in order that Peking might place the city under the tuchun of Kiangsu, he refused, because the tuchun of Kiangsu belonged to the Chihli party, of which General Wu Pei Fu was chief marshal. There had previously been trouble between the tuchuns of Chekiang and Kiangsu over the control of this important city. When Tsao Kun became president, the tuchun of Chekiang declared his province independent, and thus his attitude was directly opposed to that of Marshal Chi, the tuchun of Kiangsu. Until August of 1924, many believed that General Wu Pei Fu’s activities elsewhere rendered him unable to give Marshal Chi any support in gaining the control of the city of Shanghai. At that time war was declared by the two tuchuns, one a Chang Tso Lin man, and the other a Wu Pei Fu man. It was almost inevitable that the two great war lords, Chang Tso Lin and Wu Pei Fu, should measure their strength and decide who should be dictator. Wu Pei Fu’s assistance to Marshal Chi gave Chang Tso Lin the opportunity he had been waiting for, and he lost no time in‘declaring war against the Peking government, and moving his troops toward Peking, in order to prevent Wu Pei Fu from supporting Marshal Chi by military help from the central government. In this move he had the moral support of the tuchun of Chekiang and of Sun Yat Sen of the South China territory. When the crisis came, Chang Tso Lin found no great PAGE TWENTY-SEVEN difficulty in defeating Wu Pei Fu and his troops. An easy victory was made possible by the treachery of the so-called Christian general, Feng Yu Hsiang, who was a supporter of Wu Pei Fu, and one of his trusted generals, and who was left in defense of Peking while Wu Pei Fu carried on the war in the field against Chang Tso Lin. Wu Pei Fu hoped utterly to defeat Chang Tso Lin in the North, but being unable to secure ammunition and reinforcements because of the disloyalty of General Feng in Peking, and the cutting of the railway to the Yangtze through the disaffection of the governor of Shantung, there was nothing for him to do but quit the field, and later to reorganize his forces if good fortune should favor his escape from the wily Chang Tso Lin. For some unaccountable reason, General Wu Pei Fu was allowed to escape from Tientsin, where he was virtually a prisoner, and he retired, unmolested, to the Yangtze Valley. So far he has done little to regain his lost prestige, and it is not known whether he will be able to reorganize his scattered forces, or whether he will permanently retire from the field. General Chang Tso Lin and his sympathizers took over the Peking government with the consent of General Feng, and asked Tuan Chi Jui the former premier to become president and organize a cabinet. Tuan Chi Jui has made himself premier as well as president, but it is generally supposed that Chang Tso Lin will be the dictator in fact. Whether General Wu Pei Fu will be able to collect men and means with which to continue his opposition to Chang Tso Lin and those who have installed themselves at the head of the Chinese government, remains to be seen. Some believe that he will collect sufficient forces to drive out of Peking those at present in power. Others think that he will be obliged to retire, and that those now in authority will be given time to demonstrate whether or not they can administer the government. Many changes will probably take place before the readers of The Watchman read these lines. Sometimes we read that China is awakening, and is ready for any advance movement which a strong leader may promote; yet her whole tendency seems to be toward inaction. She lacks leadership, she lacks money, she lacks vision. What the outcome will be, who can tell? The Multitude Unconcerned \ PPARENTLY the masses of the people in China are JL\. uninterested in all these military activities. Their supreme desire is for a steady, uniform, and simple government that will insure peace, and allow them to continue the ordinary, common activities of their daily lives. They are a quiet, peace-loving people, and have little interest in party factions, and nothing whatever to say about who shall rule over them. Their supreme desire is for peace, that they may have prosperity. When China is let alone, and her people are undisturbed by war, and properly treated by those who administer the government, they soon make progress in whatever line of activity they are engaged, and the country takes on new phases of material prosperity. But alas for those who long for peace! There is little peace in China in these troubled days. It is a pitiful thing for a country to be misruled as China has been during the last few centuries; and the fact that the Chinese nation has survived in spite of misrule and mis-government at home, and the exploitation that it has suffered at the hands of the Powers, proves that the Chinese are a great people. All these civil difficulties greatly hinder the preaching of the gospel. Many times the possibility of doing evangelical field work is wholly forbidden by existing conditions. Surely page twenty-eight all who believe in the overruling providence of God should pray that China may soon be blessed with a suitable and efficient government, that this people may have the opportunity of receiving the gospel of the Prince of peace. The political outlook in China is most forbidding. The people have nothing to say about the administration of affairs; justice is not meted out to the people; schools are not provided for the education of the youth and children; taxation is not regulated by equitable laws; and civil wars have wasted the possessions of the people. What further civil wars will be waged to satisfy the ambitions of generals and politicians in China before she can have a stable government remains to be seen. Let us hope that these now in power may prove worthy to govern so great a people. <@> <§> ^ Pale Food, Pale Faces (Continuedfrom page 21) ways, and we can get our iron from other foods. White sugar contains no iron. Other vegetables that have not been mentioned in this list, also fruits, are valuable as containing a little iron. Fruits are low in iron but can be eaten freely as contrasted with meat, beans, and molasses, and thus they contribute their bit to the total iron content of the diet. A mother that I have read about, and a grandmother that I have talked with, have brought the glow of health to the cheeks, and the plumpness of body that accompanies vigor, to a son and a granddaughter, by bestowing intelligent care upon the selection of food for the children, and by helping them to cultivate health habits. And it is just as interesting to be instrumental in producing, and to watch, this change in children as in chickens or calves. Why not more interesting? The Need of Lime ANOTHER indispensable food mineral that we might l mention, while we are considering important food minerals, is lime. This is necessary for the building of good teeth and strong bones. And it is needed in the blood to keep the heart beating normally. It is specially needed in the diet of children, that they may build sound teeth and that they may not suffer from bone diseases, nor be susceptible to tuberculosis. A lack of lime in the diet at this time of life is a calamity. The poor teeth that result can never be restored. And though the rickets that is likely to result may be cured, the child will carry the deformity for life. While a lack of lime in the diet is most disastrous in childhood, it is serious at any age, for a lime-deficient diet will cause lime to be withdrawn from the teeth and bones for use in the vital processes of the body, thus causing tooth and bone disease, and lowered vitality and power of resistance to other diseases. The following amounts of the various foods mentioned supply a day’s lime ration: three fourths cup of mustard greens, one cup of turnip greens, one and one half cups of cottage cheese, two and two thirds cups of milk, one and one half cups of molasses one pound of figs, two cups of chard, two cups of dock greens, three cups of dandelion greens. But of white bread it requires ten pounds to supply a day’s lime ration, and of white rice eighteen pounds, and white sugar supplies no lime at all. I believe this discussion makes plain the fact that to select a successful diet we need not only to “balance” the protein, fat, and carbohydrate, but we need also to be sure to include foods that supply plenty of food minerals. THE WATCHMAN MAGAZINE Treason in the Church {Continuedfrom page o world in this generation, preaching the imminent return of Jesus. But this writer avows that that notive also belcrgs to the past. He avers: “Jesus is not coming in tie flesh, now or ever. The world is not near its end. Tie eschatology ■ revolved in this program is mistaken. . . . Missionaries *ill continue to go forth for centuries to cere.” What motive then is offered as a substitute? Simply and solely this: That “we have a better religion than the people of China. . . . And we need the foreign market for the gospel.” Talk about comparative religions,— Christianity is not one of them. It is the incomparable religion. No wonder such men have no message! What message can men have when confidence in the Bible and its Christ ceases? With an evolutionary philosophy and a Bible stripped of authority, a Saviour robbed of divinity and a gospel of ethics, no wonder such men in mission work place the emphasis on secular education, with the result that they sharpen pagan intellects and render them greater power for evil. We have reached the hour when apostasy has passed from the personal to the denominational stage, from homeland declension to world-wide apostasy. We are fast sweeping into the specific period predicted by Christ; namely, “when the Son of man cometh, shall He find faith on the earth?” (Luke 18: 8) — faith in the eternal ver.d^s, faith in the Word written and living (and they are inse^a^-able), faith in Christ as man’s sole Saviour. When you undermine belief in His deity or atoning death, His resurrection or His ascension, His present intercession or His return, you are knifing the heart of Cmistiarnty. Christi anity is not a system of superior ethics. Ii is Christ him=el\ To-day is the crisis hour of Christendom. Net alone iad -viduals but churches and mission boards are face to face with testing truth, and all too frequently the deliberate choice indicates a moral fall and a spiritual death. These tokens hang like red lanterns across the highway of history. We have come to the danger hour. Contrariwise, there are other individuals, churches, and mission boards loyal and Scriptural, with a firm faith in the midst of a truth-rejeedng world. For such the triumph hour is looming. Now as never should the treason of others stir us to loyalty to the person of Christ and His message. Now as never shou d fidelity to our Lord stand out in bold relief agairst the perfidy cf others. There can be no neutrality. Neutrality in the Public Schools {Continuedfrom page 5' tion, according to the majority of the most noted evolutionists, is still a matter of faith and assumption, and the few SEPTEMBER, I925 “pseudo-scientists,” who call themselves “an intellectual aristocracy,” should not be permitted to capture our public schools and establish “an intellectual autocracy” over them to browbeat Christians and harangue our defenseless children with their vagaries. This is what we object to as fundamentalists and American citizens. We say, Let the state schools be used not to propagate our disagreements and our religious controversies of the majori:y over the minority or the minority over the majority, but let the state institutions be neutral toward all classes and only teach verified facts in secular matters — then no religion will suffer and no department of science will suffer. Let matters of faith be pursued by their different votaries, each in its own field and under its own support, without civil interference or legal support, so long as such pursuit respects the equal rights of all citizens. No one has a natural, God-given right to advance his theories of religion, or of any other system of belief, under the garb of religion or science in such a way as to force them by civil law on unwilling subjects, or in such a way as to compel dissenters to support these theories financially or otherwise by civil legislation. The state must grant liberty of thought and freedom of action, but in the same way as it grants it to every religion and every belief which it has barred from the public schools. Religion supports its own schools because there is a disagreement on the subject of religion. The evolutionist objects to be taxed to support the teaching of a system of religion in which he has no faith, and he has a right to object to be taxed for such a purpose. Likewise, the majority of the people in America object to being taxed to support a system of evolution that deliberately aims to supersede the religious beliefs of the majority. And have they not an equal justification to object to being taxed to support a system of beliefs which purposely attacks and aims to supersede their own religion, the same as have the evolutionists? The barring of the teaching of evolution from our public schools, as an antagonistic theory and a speculative philosophy opposed to the faith of the majority of Christian people, does not throttle science, nor bar investigation into scientific problems. We do not ask the evolutionist to change his views on what he considers the Bible teaches on the origin of things, nor do we ask that he should be taxed to support the teaching of creation in such a way as to destroy the faith of his children in the theory of evolution so as to forsake the faith of their fathers. All that we insist on is neutrality on this subject so far as our tax-supported schools are concerned, and that the evolutionists grant the same freedom to the fundamentalists as they demand for themselves, .and quit forcing their peculiar views upon our defenseless, immature children at our charges in public institutions, which, in America, were designed to be neutral in the realm of religion. Inleir-ctional The Living Buddha df Tibet (at the right), also known as thePanshanlama, photographed at Peking at the amazing ceremony Jescrioed on page nine. PAGE TWENTY-NINE If the Youth of To-d, e World To-morrow, WHAT LIESIAHEAD RENZIED worship at the feet of the great god jazz” is the charge being hurled at students in American educational institutions by high-school principals, presidents, and intercol-investigating committees. The hope of society and government lies in the schoolsf ‘ButIntellec-tualism c, civili college legiate Persistent reports from all sections of the country in recent months indicate a grave condition of moral laxity. “Midnight orgies,” “wild parties,” “moonshinefests,” and even “suicide pacts,” in exclusive as well as public institutions of learning from Maine to California, are receiving considerable newspaper publicity. The bootlegging proclivities of some university fraternity houses have become so pronounced that cartoonists are depicting their activities with the epithet “stewdent frolics.” Such a deplorable state of affairs existing in the fountain sources of our national culture is an augury of ill omen for the future of American standards of conduct. It is a sign of the times. In spite of protests of student organizations and the strict censorship over matters of publicity maintained by most schools and colleges, from four different points of the compass have come within one week news dispatches of “off-color” parties and an indication of disgusting ideals among students in advanced halls of learning. From one exclusive girls’ college comes the demand for a “fagpuffing” room, because nearly fifty per cent of its young women smoke cigarettes. Empty whisky flasks, women’s apparel, and other indications of a “wild party,” which took place in the chapel of a denominational college in a western state, were revealed after the Christmas holidays. A ladder to a second-story window told of how entrance was gained to the vacant assembly room. In one representative city high school, twenty students were suspended for “jazzing up a dance with moonshine.” Girls and boys were escorted to their homes in a badly intoxicated condition. Not far from the same city, five other students were expelled for participation in booze refreshments following the rendition of a high-school class play. Student Debaucheries JUDGE OLE STOLEN of the superior court of Wisconsin is reported to have recently made the following startling announcement before a representative body of men in that state: “The situation is mighty serious when taxis are called to men’s rooming houses in the university district at three o’clock in the morning, and drunken or exhausted girls wrapped in blankets are carried out and driven to their homes.” In view of such sordid conditions honeycombing the moral fabric of our schools of learning, in view of the positive disruption of those altruistic ideals which have made us great as a nation, it would seem that the ghost of ancient Rome had risen from her dusty bed and cast the shadow of her pallid hand over America’s civilization. Rome fell when her morals died in the shambles. PAGE THIRTY ot save Harry M.Tippett That a warning against the present drift in cultured circles is not untimely is corroborated by the report of an intercollegiate committee of representative teachers and students chosen from several eastern institutions, their findings having been lately given to the press. An almost unbelievable state of living conditions is disclosed in the report — conditions in which young men and women mingle freely and loosely because of lax supervision. Drinking, gambling, immorality, and their concomitant evils have been charged against both men and women students. In fact, it is asserted that no party was considered successful unless there was liquor, and that this prevalency of the pocket flask is one direct source of moral delinquency. The investigation is regarded as the outcome of a demand made by the Norwegian government that the conditions leading to the death of a certain Norwegian student some months ago be cleaned up. That such a state of affairs should obtain in our educational institutions as to receive the protests of a foreign government is an alarming comment on our social drift. Before such a state of morality all other questions, as curriculum, standards, elimination of the mentally unfit, etc., now agitating the educational world, fade into insignificance. How many times must it be reiterated that the warp and woof of all enlightenment and progress, the hope and buttress of our commonweal, lie in an uncompromising rectitude of morals. Only on that basis can we expect to retain our prestige as a nation. When Schools Fail, What Then? THE eminent biologist, Mr. Albert Edward Wiggam, in a series of articles in the Pictorial Review several months ago, labors to prove that the future of America lies in an ever increasing supply of leaders. His article was entitled, “Better Brains or — Bedlam.” These leaders, he asserts, mast come from our educational aristocracy. After proving very conclusively that the birth rate among college graduates and professors is rapidly descending, he makes this significant statement:“To the youth of this land is given an immortal privilege, the privilege to toil together in the lofty partnership of man and woman toward a race whose character will create happiness; a new, well-born, inborn happiness of health and sanity for every man and woman and little child, a character which will fulfill truth and beauty in divine directions and to godlike purposes forever new. “Whether they will do this or can do it I do not know. Whether men and women have the social coherence, the economic power, the educational ardor, and the political capacity to do it I do not know. I believe they have. But I do know that beyond the horizon lie just two things. America must choose between them and must choose while it is yet called to-day. “One is slow race-improvement through the decrease of the watchman magazine An Ugly Little Word the badly-born and the increase of the well-born; and the other is Armageddon.”— Pictorial Review, June, 1923. For many years this magazine has been interpreting the drift of events in the light of prophetic Scriptures. It is not surprising to us, then, that leading men should be asking the question which Mr. Wiggam asks in his article: “"Watchman, what of the night?” Nor have we any hesitation in asserting that beyond the horizon lies a crisis for America, as Mr. Wiggam suggests. Armageddon, and all that it symbolizes, undoubtedly lies ahead. This is Bible phraseology and perfectly familiar to those who study its significance. We cannot agree, however, that the alternative of the dissolution of all things earthly is race improvement through propagation of intellectual leaders. Mental acumen will not prove a panacea for the world’s ills any more than it did in the time of Rameses II, Darius the Mede, or Nero. Graduates of God’s College Course MOSES, undoubtedly the greatest human leader the world has known, “was learned in all the wisdom of the Egyptians,” and yet God had to teach him for forty years on the plains of Midian before he was in a condition to enter advanced service. Joseph, a humble “trusty” in an Egyptian penitentiary, unlearned in any of the arts and sciences which embellished Pharaoh’s court, put the intellectual geniuses of his time to flight with some lessons he had learned in the school of faith, and later swayed the scepter of power. Daniel, a despised hostage from a captive people, showed the graduates of the University of Babylon that a living God could do more for a man than all the ramifications of applied science. Paul received not his apostleship from what he learned at the feet of Gamaliel, the last word in education at his time; but, alone with God in an Arabian desert, he hewed out his armor of service. No; education and scholasticism cannot save the world when moral diseases go unchecked in halls of learning. Intelligence sits as king only when Christ reigns in the heart. “The wisdom of this world is foolishness with God.” We are living in a time when education has become an obsession and intellectual culture a fetish in the minds of many people. Tens of thousands of young men and women to-day are crowding into our colleges and universities, to be turned out in due time with titles and degrees, but in a large majority of cases without God or faith. That this hectic exaltation of mere learning and “brains” should be synchronous with the Modernist movement in religion and the spread of evolutionary propaganda in textbook and lecture hall, is only natural. And along with this deification of mind and scholarship has come a corresponding dullness in apperception of what a less ambitious age recognized as sin. Yet that little word spells every phase of the world’s trouble, for sin is a repudiation of law and order (1 John 3:4) without which no standards can be maintained. “Then when lust hath conceived, it bringeth forth sin” (Jas. 1: 15), and the conditions described in the introduction to this article are the result. A perfect picture of the conditions in the world today and the reasons for their existence, has been penned by the Holy Spirit of God through the hand of the Apostle Paul in the first chapter of Romans. Modernist and evolutionist are sized up within the space of twenty-three words. The twenty-fifth verse speaks of those “who changed the truth of God into a lie, and worshiped and served the creature more than the Creator, who is blessed forever.” The cause of this exaltation of mind over divine revelation is given in the twenty-first verse. They “became vain in their reasonings, and their senseless heart was darkened. [R. V.] Professing themselves to be wise, they became fools.” As a natural sequence to that condition, the apostle further declares that “ for this cause God gave them up unto vile affections: . . . and even as they did not like to retain God in their knowledge, God gave them over to a reprobate mind, to do those things which are not convenient; being filled with all unrighteousness, fornication, wickedness, covetousness, maliciousness; full of envy, murder, strife, deceit, malignity, whisperers, backbiters, haters of God, despiteful, proud, boasters, inventors of evil things, disobedient to parents,without understanding.” While many honorable men hold the popular views of the evolutionary theory in science and religion, the foregoing scripture is a warning as to the direction in which such things lead, and sooner or later fruition must come. Some of the seed of anti-Biblical doctrine ripens early, as attested by the state of affairs in schools where infidelity runs rampant. International ^ ~ The rear compartment of Brooklyn street cars is set aside for smokers, and feminine = -H youth take full advantage. = ^ f ; 11N i. r 7, i 1111 i!! il 11L 2;! 111 i 11!:! 1K 2 E! 111 i 111 n 1C ^ i! 11; 1111 i! r J i! 111 i 11EI: t C 2 HI 111111 m 21!! 1 i 11 IN EVERY activity of modern life is seen this loss of the sense of sin. It is an ugly little word, and does not fit in with the smoke screen of hypocrisy in school and church and state, fostering and abetting wickedness under the camouflage of culture. As a consequence we excuse depravity and licentiousness by diagnosing its various forms as psychosis, neurosis, dual personality, and other silly jargon, and the cry of “prude” is raised to every voice of protest. Over against this stands the laconic decree (Continued on page 33) SEPTEMBER, I925 PAGE THIRTY-ONE The Watchman’s ^Answer A Service Department devoted to the answering of moral and religious questions, particularly of queries pertaining to Bible expositions, applied Christianity, Christian obligations, and the interpretation and fulfillment of prophecy. Questions of general interest only will be given space in this department, the editors reserving the right of decision as to which shall appear here, and which shall be answered by letter. The name and address of the inquirer must accompany all questions. Address all questions to The Editor, Watchman Magazine, Nashville, Tennessee. Times of the Gentiles How do you interpret the phrase, “the times of the Gentiles,” in Luke 21: 24? Also “ until the fullness of the Gentiles be come in ” in Rom. //: 25? In a word, it is the Gentile dispensation. The Gentiles are now having their full time of opportunity, just as the Jews had theirs before their rejection of the Messiah. (John 19: 14, 15; Matt. 21:33-34.) And the disciples then turned to the Gentiles. (Acts 13: 45-48; 15:3, 7, 12-19.) Dispensationally then, we are now living in “ the times of the Gentiles.” But in the church there is neither Jew nor Gentile (Gal. 3: 28), but we are made one through Christ. The Jews were once God’s peculiar and chosen people, standing in a unique relation to God to be a light to the Gentiles. (Ex. 19: 5, 6; Isa. 42: 6; 56: 3-7; Ps. 96: 3.) Now the positions are reversed; and when the “fullness of the Gentiles” (Rom. 11: 25) is completed and the purpose of God in calling out a people from all nations is finished, then the age ends as our Lord returns. The Son of Man Why did Jesus always refer to Himself as the Son of man, while He admitted that He was the Son of God and allowed others to address Him as such? Jesus designates Himself “Son of man” over eighty times, doubtless using the term to veil as well as reveal thought. He chose a title that could not be used against Him by His foes before He was fully identified and revealed. He did not use it to signify He was a mere man and not divine, for He constantly claimed divine attributes. (Luke 5: 24.) To be a true Saviour, He must be both God and man. Any position that nullifies either truth strips our Saviour of His all-sufficiency. It is primarily because “when the fullness of the time was come, God sent forth His Son, made of a woman.” Gal. 4: 4. It originates back in the first Messianic prophecy in Gen. 3: 15, and in the prophetic pledge that “ unto us a Child is born, unto us a Son is given: and the government shall be upon His shoulder” (Isa. 9: 6). He became a partaker of our very flesh. (Heb. 2: 14-17; Rom. 8:3; Phil. 2:5-8.) He came as the representative Man, the Head of a new humanity. (See 1 Cor. 15: 45-47*) The triumph of dominion of “one like the son of man” (Dan. 7: 13, 14) doubtless had a bearing on the case. All that the first Adam lost, the last Adam has recovered. (Micah 4: 8.) He lived a sinless life that His spotless obedience might be applied for our disobedience. He died a substitutionary death that we might live. (John 1: 29.) He lives within us that we may have power over sin. As “Son of man” He will judge the world (John 5: 22, 27), and as “Son of man” He will reward every man (Matt. 16: 27). It is thus that He wishes to be identified. He has bound Himself to humanity by a tie that will hold throughout eternity, reuniting the broken family of earth with that of heaven. Limitation of Knowledge What is the meaning of the expression “ neither the Son” in Mark 13:32? Is Christ limited in knowledge? This passage is to be understood in the light of His limitation during the time of His incarnation as a man, when He “humbled himself and became as a man” (Phil. 2: 5-8), possessed only of such knowledge as was consistent with such an existence. The “Son” evidently means the Son of man in the flesh, during which time there were many things which He as the Word who “ was in the beginning with God,” and “ was God” (John 1: 1-3) fully knew, but which He did not know during the time of His selfemptying and self-limitation. He voluntarily assumed for a time this subordinate position, and at that time He was not in possession of the knowledge referred to. It was during that period that He made this statement. As He did nothing of himself (John 5: 19), so in like manner He knew nothing of himself. He spoke only what the Father commanded. (John 12:49; J4: IO*) But the point of the scripture in question is the imperative necessity of watchfulness, for man does not know the day or the hour, only the proximity of the time of Christ’s return. Remission of Sins Should not ministers to-day have power to remit sinsy as the apostles had> and such as Catholic priests claim? Please explain John 20: 23. This statement was not made to the apostles only, but to all who are filled with the Holy Spirit. (Verse 22.) It was not given alone to the eleven, but also to “ them that were with them.” (Luke 24: 33.) The promise is of spiritual discernment whereby they would know whether there had been true repentance or not. The Holy Spirit comes to convict, to convert, and to give the knowledge of sin, righteousness, and judgment. (John 16: 8, 13.) Those in all ages, lay or clergy, so filled, have been pre-eminently gifted in the discernment of sin and repentance. To restrict the exercise to the priesthood is a perversion of the scripture. What is here referred to is giving expression to or sentence of that discernment. The authority is not absolute, but declarative. Several notable exercises of this gift are recorded, two by Peter (Acts 5: 1-11; 8: 20-23), a°d another by Paul (Acts 13: 9-11). They declared sins retained or remitted upon gospel terms. God alone can forgive sins. Man is never to intrude upon this relationship between God and man. It is absurd and illogical to assume that any creature can forgive sins committed by another creature against the Creator. To absolve an individual while he is still impenitent in heart is manifestly a sacrilegious mockery. Contrariwise, if one is sincerely repentant, he is forgiven though all the priests of earth should refuse absolution. Saving truth has been committed to the church to be proclaimed to every creature, including the declaration of on what terms and to what characters sins are forgiven. The message of reconciliation, bearing life and pardon to those receiving it, results in condemnation and retention of guilt to those rejecting it. The power to acquit or condemn resides in the message itself. (John 12:47,48.) Two Dates for Christmas Why are two days observed as Christmas,— the present one on December 23 and the one known as the old Christmas on January 6? Which is the right date? And is it really a Christian holiday or not ? It was during the period from the fifth to the eighth centuries that pagan festivals centering around the winter solstice and renewing of the powers of nature took on a “Christian” complexion. For the twelve days between December 25 and January 6 the interference of the gods Odin, Berchta, etc., was believed by the Norsemen to affect the “fiery sun wheel,” thus the double commemoration became popular. The notion and the dates are wholly non-Christian. But the church sought to Christianize these heathen beliefs by clothing them with a Christian ritual and significance. In any event, December and January could not have been the time of the nativity, for then it was the height of the rainy season and the shepherds were not out with their flocks on the plains at that time. There is no divine authority for such a festival, however persistently Christ’s name be now connected therewith. Had God designed the commemoration, the date would have been explicitly stated in the Bible. The sanction of custom does not add the stamp of divine approval or appointment. The origin of the festival answers your closing question. PAGE THIRTY-TWO THE WATCHMAN MAGAZINE What Lies Ahead? (Continuedfrom page ji) of the old Book: “ and sin, when it is finished, bringeth forth death.” James i: 15. Influential men in the world of education are recognizing the tendency toward lower ideals. Mr. Frederick E. Bolton, Dean of the School of Education, University of Washington, writing in Scribners for January on “Idealism in Education” says: “The fact that present-day civilization is so void of higher idealism; the fact that selfishness and its attendant phenomena of greed, graft, bribery, and corruption are so shamelessly apparent; the fact that our law courts are so remiss in the administration of justice; that our jails and almshouses are so crowded; the fact that the dollar sign is the chief mark of greatness — in view of these facts and hundreds more, . . . every possible attempt must be made to awaken dormant consciences and to instill worthy ideals of conduct and character.” With solemn emphasis, Mr. Bolton declares that “the great problems of the world which demand immediate solution, if our civilization is to endure, are not primarily questions demanding technical skill, but are social and moral questions.” Then with keen insight as to the real point of aggravation, he asserts: “A strict application of the Ten Commandments would solve almost every really great question confronting the world.” These are portentous words from such an eminent educator as Mr. Bolton, and they are corroborative of the messages of warning which this magazine sends out from time to time. Some Things We Need to Learn WITH all our intensive mind development there are yet some things we need to learn. Isaiah’s message to the faithful of his day comprehends our necessity: “Learn to do well; seek judgment, relieve the oppressed, judge the fatherless, plead for the widow.” Isa. i: 17. We need to learn that “the foolishness of God is wiser than men; and the weakness of God is stronger than men.” 1 Cor. 1: 25. We need to recognize that the word of God with all its warnings, promises, and blessings is “for our admonition, upon whom the ends of the world are come.” Our nation’s weal rests in the hands of those who believe Christ’s words: “Every man therefore that hath heard, and hath learned of the Father, cometh unto Me.” John 6: 45. Finally we must needs learn that the path of higher wisdom which saves a nation is through the field of suffering, for even Jesus Christ, “though He were a son, yet learned he obedience by the things which He suffered.” Heb. 5: 8. We cheerfully agree with Mr. Albert Edward Wiggam when he says, “Man’s salvation will lie solely in gaining through science an understanding heart,” providing he means the science of salvation through Jesus Christ our Lord. It is the only remedy for the cankers eating at the vitals of our great triumvirate of culture,— the home, the school, and the church. ^ ^ ^ To the Public THROUGHOUT the summer vacation months hundreds of students are engaged in selling THE WATCHMAN MAGAZINE as a means of securing a Christian education. They are earnestly working for scholarships in which THE WATCHMAN bears a generous share. If you purchase from them you will get full value received from the Magazine, and assist a worthy cause as well. The Editors bespeak your friendly co-operation. 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If you do not know the name and address of your Cantilever dealer, write the manufacturers, Morse & Burt Co., 410 Willoughby Ave., Brooklyn, N. Y. Cantilever Shoe.Srm*” PAGE THIRTY-THREE Shall the State Teach Religion? (Continued, from page j) Private"schools, supported entirely by private contributions, are to be encouraged. The standards of such schools have always been high. The work done in them has been excellent. Different churches maintain distinctive schools. Added to what are known as the common branches, there are taught in such schools the religious conceptions of those who founded and maintain them. To do this is an inherent right. To demand, however, that religious instruction be given to public school children during the hours devoted to the public schools, is an invasion of the schools and a demand upon the state that it recognize religion. A church that is willing to sacrifice enough to bear the expense of maintaining a school for the benefit of its children should be encouraged in doing so, but no church should demand of the state that its dogmas should be adopted and taught by the civil government. No church, in fact, can afford to do this. Such would be an advertisement of weakness. The work of the church is best done when it does not lean upon the state. Its work is to be done in the power of its founder. “Ye shall receive power, after that the Holy Ghost is come upon you.” There is more danger in looking elsewhere, however alluring the offer, than in clinging to this promise, however unpromising the outlook. The work of the state is material. The work of the church is spiritual. The realms are entirely separate. They should be kept so. “Render therefore unto Caesar the things which are Caesar’s; and unto God the things that are God’s.” Reports of Two Debates on Evolution San Francisco, June 13 and 14, 1925 Between Dr. Maynard Shipley, president of the Science League of America, and Francis D. Nichol and Alonzo L. Baker, editors “Signs of the Times.” Both sides reported verbatim in A Book The first debate was on the question of whether evolution is a scientific fact: the second, as to whether or not it should be taught in tax-supported schools — thus covering the scientific, moral, and religious aspects of evolution. The Science League of America is organized to defend the teachings of evolution and to combat the activities of antievolutionists. and is represented in forty-eight colleges and universities in forty-two states. The “Signs of the Times” is a conservative religious journal with a large circulation and influence. Interest was so intense thousands were unable to gain admittance. Judges, representing U. S. Circuit. Federal, and Appellate Courts, decided on the merits of the debates that evolution is not a fact. Evidence presented against claims of evolution, also reasons why it should not be taught in public schools, were unchallenged and unanswered. The full reports in book form are a most valuable contribution t” the cause of knowledge at this time when evolution is the great issue before the American people. This book gives the four main speeches (one hour each) and four rebuttals (fifteen minutes each). Price, $1.00, postpaid. Order “San Francisco Debates” from Pacific Press Publishing^Association Mountain View, California The Times of Restitution (Continuedfrom page ij) 3. There was laborfor pleasure, never in pain (Gen. 2: 15) and a whole world to subdue until it was all like the “garden eastward in Eden.” (Gen. 1: 28.) 4. A Sabbath of rest, the crown of creation, a sign of the creative power of Christ, to remind men constantly that they owed existence itself to a beneficent God. (Gen. 2: 1-3; Ex. 20: 8-11.) But what do we find to-day? 1. An old world, with signs of age and dissolution appearing with alarming rapidity and intensity. (Isa. 51: 6.) 2. A ruined race (Rom. 8: 22), the fountain of life gone, the wise Teacher ignored, man’s years shortened from eternity to time, and very little of that, when, “Like a flash of lightning, A break of the wave, Man hastens from life To his rest in the grave.” Battlefields, cemeteries, and hospitals; broken hearts, broken pledges, broken laws, broken heads, and the briny diamonds of a billion tears declare that Eden is no more. Curious scientists delve into nature with all the wonderful weapons of a wonderful age, and bold philosophers try to climb up some other path, but still the flaming sword turns every way before the tree of life. 3. Work in weariness and pain. Slavery entered and has not yet departed, and will be here in one form or another when Jesus comes. (Rev. 6: 14-17.) In spite of toil, decimating famines come to men and myriads are swept away. The earth does not now yield her strength. (Gen. 3: 17-19.) 4. The Sabbath memorial is largely ignored, and a counterfeit substituted in its place, by the greatest religious organizations of all ages. (Dan. 7: 25; 2 Thess. 2: 8.) Now for the bright side. The Times of Restitution are almost here now, because they commence when Jesus comes, and His glorious advent is very near. This earth will be cleansed by the greatest antiseptic known (2 Peter 3: 7, 10, 12, 13), and again all things will be new. (Rev. 21: 5.) Therefore we look for 1. A new earth. (2 Peter 3: 13.) God’s plan for this earth to be inhabited will be fulfilled, and more than Eden’s beauty will be restored. (Rev. 22: 1-3.) 2. A new race, which will be eternal (Rev. 21: 4), access again to the tree of life (Rev. 22: 1, 2), and education under the great Teacher (Isa. 54: 13), will soon be ours if faithful to God. 3. Again there will be work for pleasure (Isa. 65: 21), the earth will yield her strength, and the redeemed shall “come to Zion with songs and everlasting joy upon their heads.” 4. The Sabbath will then be a double signy of creation in the beginning (Ex. 20: 8-11) and re-creation in every redeemed heart (Eze. 20: 12) and will be enjoyed by every being on earth (Isa. 66: 22, 23). Reader, will you not join the mighty petition voiced by the Seer of Patmos, “‘Come, Lord Jesus,’ and restore all things.” ® <§> ^ “Our knowledge of the physical evolution of man, has advanced so rapidly that the end is almost in sight,” says Henry Fairfield Osborn, and in the next sentence he refers to “those as yet entirely unknown primates of the Tertiary period from which we are descended.” That is a very serious lack in this well-nigh complete knowledge — being no less than the lack of all proof contrary to the Biblical account of the origin of man. PAGE THIRTY-FOUR THE WATCHMAN MAGAZINE The Predicament of Evolution HE theory of evolution is not only attempting to control the field of science, but it is making inroads on history, education, sociology and religion. Do you want to know what evolution really is,—its origin, its proofs, its results? Professor Price fully answers these and other questions in the thirteen chapters. 7. Facts and Fancies 8. Lessons from the Em- bryo 9. Darwinism 10. An Appeal 11. Christian Philosophy 12. Red Dynamite 13. Babylon the Great Not a dry treatise, not technical, but a clean portrayal of the dire dilemma into which this popular evil has fallen. Just off the press Higher in Canada Southern Publishing Association Atlanta, Georgia Nashville, 'Tennessee Fort Worth, Texas 1. The Problem 2. Heredity and Variation 3. The Biological Blind Alley 4. The Historical Back- ground 5. Voices from the Rocks 6. Degeneration George McCready Price “The Day” 4[Did June 25 mark “the day"in China when the crisis between East and West was reached?Did it signal the beginning of the end of the domination of Occident over Orient? {[Read the answer in the article from our Shanghai representative, Hubert 0. Swartout, “The Twenty-Fifth of June in China” in The October Watchman Magazine also C What happens to Evolution when its supports from the primary science of geology are knocked out? George McCready Price proceeds to knock them out in the article, “Evolution and Geology.” {[There are millions of Christians, and others, who hope and believe that the world will again be of one religion. It is more than an engaging question. It is a tremendous issue. Read “Will America Champion a World Religion?” by Benjamin G. Wilkinson. Cfioes the average tobacco user have poorer brains and less character because he smokes, or does he smoke because he has poorer brains and less character? You will be interested and instructed by reading “Tobacco and Character” by George Henry Heald, M. D. These are a few among many striking features Biblical Helps Read this distinctly different magazine each month IT IS America’s religious digest and interpreter of the times, greatly appreciated by progressive clergymen and all students of the Word. Color-page features every month. News interpreted in the light of divine prediction. Just the thing for busy people having time for only vital things. Ministers find it inspirational, using for sermon material many of the facts it gathers. As an introductory offer, you can obtain this magazine for a whole year with a copy of “Gospel Key Words” (a $3.25 value) for only $1.98 postpaid. Use the convenient order form THE WATCHMAN MAGAZINE Nashville, Tennessee For the enclosed remittance of $1.98 please send “Gospel Key Words” and THE WATCHMAN for a year To______________________________________________________________ Address_________________________________________________________ City____________________________________ State_________________ (// you wish you can order the book or magazine to separate addresses at no extra cost.) 240 pages beautifully bound in substantial book cloth THE aim of this book is to aid in answering the question, "What saith the Scripture?” When we discover what the Holy Scriptures really say, we are well along the way toward the true interpretation. It tells in English the meaning of the common Greek New Testament words. It is an invaluable aid to evangelists and also to everyone interested in the careful study of the Scriptures. A limited stock of this book necessitates your prompt action if you want one. Order to-day.