I ' WE HIVE MOT FOLLOWED CUNNINGLY DEVISED FABLES, WHEN WE MADE KNOWN UNTO YOU THE POWER AND COMINQ OF OUR LORD JESUS CHRIST, BUT WERE EVE-WITNESSES OF HIS MAJESTY .... WHEN WE WERE WITH HIM IN THE HOLY MOUNT." NEW SERIES. Vol. 1. B M T 0 S L S A T TODAY, TOL¥ 15, 5184A No. 24. WHOLE No. §76 THE ADVENT HERALD IS PUBLISHED EVERY 8ATURDAY AT NO. 9 MILK-STREET, BOSTON, BY J. V. HUES. T 'sms -$1 per Volume of Twenty-six Numbers. $5 for Six copies. SID for Thirteen copies, in advance. UL communications, orders, or remittances, for this office, should be directed to J. V. HIMES, Boston, Mass. {pestpaid). Subscribers' names, with their Post-otiice address, should be distinctly given when monev is forwarded. The Christian Reformer. Mv brother, 1 could fall upon thy neck And kiss thee! Hast thou had a generous mind, Ami slowing heart of burning love for man, And gone amid the waters ol this world— A sea of angry waves and icebergs vast ?— Then if thy noble heart has not been chilled As hented steel wheu in the water plunged,— Almighty God has kept thee in his nand. 0, who can tell the sorrow of that soul, Who, when the more abundantly he loves, Is loved the less, and hated for his love ? Who has for foes not only all the vile, (This he could bear, and should fore'er expect,) But also many wise and Christian men, Who, since they know not all things, think him wrong ; Who knows na human friend in all the earth That can commune and sympathize with him, Beneath the crosses which he has to bear. Yet e'en the pains of him who serves his God, Are joys compared with pleasures bought by sin. His conscience smiling, he forgets his pangs,— Bless'd smile, more sweet than even hers he loves,— And angels and Jehovah are his friends, Though brethren and the dearest ones ft A lainb, encompassed by a gang of wolves ! A prince, attended by a guard from heaven! And heaven's lire within him, Should he cool ? His heart a well of love bestowed by Christ, Should bitter streams flow out from off his tongue ? The l.ord within and lor him, Should he fear ? Heaven urging, earth beholding, hell in wait, Ho w can he fail, unfaithful be, or sin ? A. MERRILL. Apocalyptic Sketches. BY**REV. JOHN CUMMINO, D. D. THE FIRST VIAL—THE FRENCH REVOLUTION. " The second woe is past; and, behold, the third woe cometh Quickly. And the seventh angel sounded ; and there were great voices in heaven, saving, The kingdoms of this world are become the kingdoms of our Lord, and of his Christ; and he shall reign for- ever and ever. And the four and twenty elders, which sat before God on their seats fell upon their faces, and worshipped God,saying, We give thee thanks, O Lord God Almighty, which art, and wast, and art to come: because thou hast taken to thee thy great power, and hast reigned. And the nations were angry, and thy wrath is come, and the time of the dead, that they should be judged, and that thou ahouidest give reward unto thy servants the prophets, and to uie saints, and them that fear thy name, small and great; and should- est destroy them which destroy the earth. And the temple of God was opened in heaven, and there was seen in his temple the ark of his testament: and there were lightnings, and voices, and thunder- lags, and an earthquake, and great hail. And 1 heard a great voice out of the temple, saying to the seven angels, Go your ways, and pour out the vials of the wrath of God upon the earth. And the ftrst went, and poured his vial upon the earth: and there fell a noisome and grieveus sore upon the men which had the mark of the beast, and upon them which worshipped his image."—REV. U: 14-19; 16:1,2. VOLTAIRE thus writes in 1764:—" Every- thing is preparing the way for a great revolu- tion. It will undoubtedly take place, though I shall not be so fortunate as to see it. Light has been diffusing itself, and on the very first opportunity the French nation will break out, and the uproar will be glorious. Happy those who ate young, for they will behold most ex- traordinary things." Christian men saw, too, the approach of the coming woe. The Protestant churches they felt had lost sight of their main duty to wit- ness to the word—they had become salt with- out savor, and in the words of Bishop Hors- ey, " the clergy substituted for the great doc- trines of the Gospel a system little better than heathen ethics." Cowper, writing of the era of the French "evolution, says:— " The world appears to toll the death-knell of its own decease; And by the voice of all its elements, Jo preach the general doom—when were the winds ket loose with such a warrant to destroy. the old And crazy earth has had her shaking fit, More frequent, and forgone her usual rest, And nature seems, with dim and sickly eye, lo wait the close of all." " Already," said Burke, in 1790, " in many P^rts of Europe there is a hollow murmuring under ground, a confused movement that threat- ens a general earthquake of the political world." There were also physical intimations of the coming woe. In fact, almost every prediction >n Scripture has not only a moral and ultimate fulfilment, but a symbolical and literal fulfil- ment also. Thus the ancient prophecy, " a star shall come out of Jacob," was not only morally fulfilled by the advent of Christ, but literally also, inasmuch as a literal meteor star guided the Magi to the manger—and the over throw of Jerusalem was predicted by our Lord, as accompanied with earthquakes and eclipses, which had not only their symbolical, but their literal fulfilment also. We may, therefore, fairly presume that those earthquakes and hail- storms, which were to be the precursors of the coming woe, had their symbolico-literal fulfil ment likewise. Thus, a tremendous hurricane ravaged the whole West Indies, in 1783, and Vesuvius burst forth with terrific fury. Sir William Hamilton gives an account of an earth- quake lasting from 1783 to 1786, and convuls- ing all Italy. In 1788 a hail-storm, unprece- dented in fury, ravaged the harvests and vin- tages of France. Of this storm Alison writes, vol. i., p. 172, " Even the elements contributed to swell the public discontent. A dreadful storm of hail, in July, 1788, laid waste the provinces, and produced such diminution in the harvest as threatened the horrors of famine." In the " Encyclopaedia Britannica," art. French Revolution, we read thus:—" On Sunday, July 13, 1788, at 9 A. M., without any eclipse, a dreadful darkness overspread several parts of France. It was the prelude to such a tempest as is unexampled in the temperate climates of Europe. The soil was converted into a mo- rass, the standing corn was beaten into quag- mires, vines broken to pieces, fruit trees de- molished, and new unmelted hail lying in heaps like rocks of solid ice. The hail was composed of enormous solid and angular pieces of ice, weighing from eight to ten ounces. The coun- try people were beaten down in the fields, amid the concussions of the elements, and conclu- ded the last day had arrived." So truly was it fulfilled, " there were lightnings, and thun- derings, and a great hail." The moral and po- litical convulsions presignified by the symbols were no less palpable. Alison says, " The minds of men were shaken at this time, as by the yawning of the ground during the fury of an earthquake." Having thus seen the general character of the seventh trumpet, which includes the seven last vials; we are now prepared to explain the nature and the action of the first vial. New ^ngelic agencies are obviously employed. The four angels do not come from the circumference of the earth, which would be the symbol of foreign invasion. Their coming forth from the temple habited in pure linen, implies their be- ing sent from the immediate presence of God, and commissioned to execute special judg- ment?. The fact that one of the four living creatures gives the vials to the angels, in other words, equips them for their missions, seem to indicate that these judgments will be righteous retributions on them that persecuted the saints of other days. The plagues resemble those of Egypt; Papal Christendom being figuratively Egypt. A vial is the same as the cup of trem- bling, so frequently alluded to in Scripture. It is obvious, that the localities on which the vials are poured out, the earth, the sea, the rivers, and fountains, are substantially the same as those on which the judgments of the four first trumpets fell. The word which is here translated " sore," is used in several passages of Scripture. It is applied to the case of Job, where it is stated, (Job 2:7,) " Satan smote Job with sore boils from the sole of his foot to his crown." It is also used to denote the condition of Hezekiah, as well as that of the beggar Lazarus. In all these it is descriptive of very severe disease. Whatever, therefore, be the nature of the vis- itation inflicted on the earth by the pouring out of the first Vial, it is obvious that it must be some severe and terrible calamity—some dread- ful corruption. From the name applied to the Roman earth, the alleged place of its descent, " which is spi- ritually called Egypt," the sore would seem to indicate its having some analogy to the plague- spot of Egypt—the most noisome and painful of the judgments that fell upon the subjects of Pharaoh, and one specially noted for its conta- gious nature. So peculiarly severe and infec- tious was the Egyptian plague, that its name was applied to the most malignant kind. The testimony of heathen writers also confirms the description of Holy Writ. Thucydides traces the origin of the great Athenian plague to Egypt; and in the " Encyclopaedia Britannica," the plague is said " to be generally brought into European Turkey from Egypt." I need not remind you that this sore is evidently used in the text in a figurative sense, as it has been used in the prophecies of Isaiah, in which he describes the national corruption of his age, " the whole head is sick, and the whole heart faint—from the sole of the foot even unto the head there is no soundness in it; but wounds and bruises and putrifying sores." Isa. 1:6. This use is also apparent from the figurative sense clearly belonging to the Apocalyptic Egypt- The contents of the first Vial were poured out at the French Revolution, in 1789. There had been long maturing and gaining head in the social s stem, partly from the spread of such writings as those of Rousseau, and still more from the immorality and licentiousness of the Papal clergy—a corruption too deep and too intense not to find for itself ten thousand vents, in the shape of sores and plague-spots, over the length and breadth not only of France, but of Europe itself. The sarcastic scepticism of Voltaire was followed up by the sensual but brillian* bursts of passion from the pen of Rousseau. D'Alembert, Diderot, and Helve- tius, labored hard to write down the existence of God. Crebillon, Laclos, and Louvet turned into captivating fiction the materialism of the Encyclopaedists; and the French clergy, the only representatives of Christianity, furnished abundant materials in their superstition, unbe- lief, licentiousness, and avarice, for a united onslaught on all that wore the Christian name. The dreadful fever soon appeared, and in- fected every order, and rank, and class of the community ; the deadly virus—the more deadly because moral—shot through every vein, and smote the springs and sources of all virtue— all morality. Intense suffering racked the fe- vered and restless mass, and began to show to discerning minds what scorpion stings sin has within itself, and how naturally the guilty be- come the executioners of their own punishment. Infidelity and Popery combined spread their in- fluences far and wide, till at length the nation which had long been subject to their action broke out into that moral sore here attached to the first Vial. Sir Walter Scott, in his life of Napoleon Bonaparte, thus describes these roots and sources of this noisome sore :—" The li- centiousness which walked abroad in such dis- gusting and undisguised nakedness, was marked by open infamy, deep enough to have called down, in the age of miracles, an immediate judgment from heaven; and crimes, which the worst of the Roman emperors would have at least hidden in his solitary isle of Caprea, were acted as publicly as if men had no eyes, and God no thunderbolts." Vol. i., c. 2. What render the parallel between a "noisome and grievous sore " and the French revolutionary mania more marked, is the fact that, as the for- mer is not easily detected in the earliest stages, or may be mistaken for a source or symptom of returning health, so the French Revolution was hailed at its first outburst, as the dawn of a new and glorious era; though, it ought to be observed, the very parties that thus prognosti- cated its glories, lived to retract all they said in its favor. Fox, even after the murder of the King—Louis XVI.—declared in the British Parliament, " I, for one, admire the new constitution of France, considered altogether, as the most stupendous and glorious edifice of liberty which has been erected on the founda- tions of human integrity in any age or coun- try." Bishop Watson looked upon it as the dawn of a new day; and Dr. Price, a Dissent- ing minister of that time, applied to it the words of Simeon—" Lord, now lettest thou thy servant depart in peace, forrpine eyes have seen thy salvation." But the true character of this " sore " soon showed itself. It was not a system of health, but the prelude to corruption—the plague-spot of death—as the scenes and deeds that fol- lowed abundantly proved. By and bye we read that Camille Desmoulins harangued the mobs of Paris, and urged a " St. Bartholomew of the patriots." Soon after this, the revolu- tionary mob laid siege to the royal palace of Versailles; and finding an avenue, rushed into the royal apartments, and after murdering two of the body-guard, who made the most heroic defence, and by their protracted resistance gave the King and Queen time to escape from the demons who thirsted for their blood, they be- headed the two faithful guards, and carried their heads on pikes through the streets of Ver- sailles. It was on this occasion that the infu- riated democrats stabbed the bed from which the Queen had just risen and escaped, thinking she might be concealed beneath it—an incident, let me observe, which gave birth to the follow- ing beautiful and touching apostrophe of Burke: " It is now sixteen years since I saw the Queen of France, then the Dauphiness of Versailles, and surely never lighted on this orb, which she hardly seemed to touch, a more delightful vis- ion. I saw her just above the horizon, deco- rating and cheering the elevated sphere she just began to move in—glittering like the morn- ing star, full of life, and splendor, and joy. 0, what a revolution! and what a heart must I have to contemplate without emotion that ele- vation and that fall! Little did I dream, when she added titles of veneration to that enthusi- astic, distant, respectful love, that she should ever be obliged to carry the sharp antidote against disgrace concealed in that bosom ! little did I dream that I should live to see such dis- asters fall upon her in a nation of gallant men, in a nation of men of honor and cavaliers! Methought ten thousand swords must have leapt from their scabbards, to avenge even a look that threatened her with insult. But the age of chivalry is gone! That of sophisters, economists, and calculators has succeeded; and the glory of Europe is extinguished forever. Never more shall we behold that generous loy- alty to rank and sex, that proud submission, that dignified obedience, that subordination of the heart, which kept alive even in servitude itself the spirit of an exalted freedom. The unbought grace of life, the cheap defence of nations, the nurse of manly sentiment and he- roic enterprize, is gone." Even this, however, was but the beginning of the sanguinary outburst. The King was soon after dragged a miserable captive to Paris, surrounded by his wounded and bleeding body- guard, no longer to rule the realm on the throne of which Providence had placed him, but to receive the orders and obey the dictates of the Parisian mob. The people grasped the scep- tre, and the sword, and made and executed laws at pleasure: and the unhappy monarch was now the subject of their merriment, and 186 THE ADVENT HERALD. anon the object of their gross insults. He was shorn of his power, denuded of his royal equipage, and denied the titles conceded to kings by universal consent. In November, 1789, the property of the French Church was confiscated by an act of the National Assem- bly, and the proceeds were applied chiefly to the national exigencies, and instead, a misera- ble pension decreed to the various ecclesiastical orders. While we admit that no clergy had more neglected the great functions of the min- isterial office, or in their day and power exer- cised a more sanguinary despotism over all that would not bow beneath the iron crosier of the Papacy, yet it must not be forgotten that the spoliation and cruelty of which they were the victims was not inflicted by the Jacobins on account of their crimes, which were black and many, but out of antipathy to everything like the Christian faith. In June, 1792, and soon after this, upwards of 30,000 Parisians proceeded from the Assembly towards the pal- ace, displaying banners inscribed with revolu- tionary sentiments. " At the end of one pike," says Alison, "was placed a bleeding heart, with the inscription around it—1 the heart of the aristocracy.'" The palace was entered by the mob, the red cap of liberty was placed by force on the king's head, and the venerable monarch was made the sport of the infuriated demons who surrounded him ; ultimately he was iniquitously condemned and executed by his subjects in January, 1793, aad his queen was beheaded in October following. Forthwith began that terrific epoch in the history of the world, when the noisome ulcer attained its height, which by universal consent has been called the " reign of terror." It was during this period that the frightful massacres of La Vendee and Lyons were perpetrated, of which I give Alison's description, vol. ii., p. 391. " A Revolutionary Tribunal was formed there under the direction of Carrier, and it soon out- stripped even the rapid march of Danton and Robespierre. ' Their principle,' says the Re- publican historian, ' was, that it was necessary to destroy en masse all the prisoners.' At their command was formed a corps called the Le- gion of Marat, composed of the most determined of the Revolutionists, the members of which were entitled, by their own authority, to incar- cerate any person whom they chose. The number of their prisoners was soon between three and four thousand, and they divided among themselves all their property. When- ever a fresh supply of captives was wanted, the alarm of a counter-revolution, the generate beat, the cannon planted ; and this was imme- diately followed by innumerable arrests. Nor were they long in disposing of their captives. The miserable wretches were either slain with poniards in the prisons, or carried out in a ves- sel and drowned by wholesale in the Loire. On one occasion, a hundred ' fanatical priests,' as they were termed, were taken out together, stripped of their clothes, and precipitated into the waves. The same vessel served for many of these Noyades; and the horror expressed by many of the citizens for that mode of execution formed the ground for fresh arrests and in- creased murders. Women, big with child; infants, eight, nine, and ten years of age, were thrown together into the stream, on the sides of which men armed with sabres were placed, to cut off*their hands, if the waves should throw them undrowned on the shore. The citizens with loud shrieks implored the lives of the lit- tle innocents, and numbers offered to adopt them as their own; but though a few were granted to their urgent entreaty, the greater part were doomed to destruction. Thus were consigned to the grave whole generations at once—' the ornament of the present, the hope of the future.' So immense were the num- bers of those who were cut off by the guillo- tine, or mowed down by fusillades, that three hundred men were occupied for six weeks in covering with earth the vast multitude of corpses which filled the trenches which had been cut in the place of the department at Nantes to receive the dead bodies. Ten thou sand died of disease, pestilence, and horror, in the prisons of that department alone: " On one occasion, by orders of Carrier, twenty-three of the Royalists, on another, twenty-four, were guillotined together, without any trial. The executioner remonstrated but in vain. Among them were many children of of seven and eight years of age, and seven women ; the executioner died two or three days after, with horror at what he himself had done At another time, one hundred and forty women incarcerated as suspected, were drowned togeth er, though actively engaged in making banda ges and shirts for the Republican soldiers. So great was the number of captives who were brought in on all sides, that the executioners as well as the company of Marat, declared them- selves exhausted with fatigue; and a new meth- od of disposing of them was adopted, borrowed from Nero, but improved on the plan of that tyrant. A hundred, or a hundred and fifty vic- tims, for the most part women and children, were crowded together in a boat, with a con- cealed trap-door in the bottom, which was con- ducted into the middle of the Loire ; at a sig- nal given, the crew leapt into another boat, the bolts were withdrawn, and the shrieking vic- tims precipitated into the waves, amidst the laughter of the company of Marat, who stood on the banks, to cut down any who aproached the shore. This is what Carrier called his Republican Baptisms. The Republican Mar riages were, if possible a still greater refinement in cruelty. Two persons of different sexes, generally an old man and an old woman, or a young man and a young woman, bereft of every species of dress, were bound together, and, af- ter being left in torture in that situation for half an hour, thrown into the river. It was as- certained by authenticated ducuments, that six hundred children had, on one occasion alone, perished by that inhuman species of death. The noyades at Nantes alone amounted to twenty-five, on each of which occasions from eighty to an hundred and fifty persons perished; and such was the quantity of corpes accumu- lated in the Loire, that the water of that river was infected so as to render a public ordinance necessary, forbidding the use of it to the inhab- itants. No less than eighteen thousand per- ished in these ways, or by the guillotine, in Nantes alone, during the administration of Car- ; and the mariners, when they heaved their anchors, frequently brought up boats charged with corpses. Birds of prey flocked to the shores, and fed on human flesh; while the very fish became so poisonous, as to induce an order of the municipality of Nantes, prohibit' ing them to be taken by the fishermen."—To be continued. Angelic Ministry, BY CHARLOTTE ELIZABETH. (Concluded.) When Abraham instructed his faithtul stew- ard Eliezer to seek a wife for Isaac from among his kindred, he confidently assured him that the Lord would send an angel before him to to prosper his way; and this the servant re- peated to Rebekah's family, when relating the extraordinary manner in which he had been guided. Gen. 24:7-40. It is a beautiful in- stance of prayerful faith on man's part, and an answering providence on that of God. Eliezer was directed, and his way was prospered in a most marvelous manner. And why marvelous because of our unbelief, which rarely can attain to such child-like reliance on the promises of God, or we should continually experience the same proofs, that what he hath promised he will also perform. Jacob's vision has already been noticed he saw a long ladder set upon the earth, the top of which reached to heaven ; and the an- gels of God ascended and descended upon the ladder. The interpretation of this is seen in the declaration of the Lord, who stood above the ladder, and who repeated the glorious prom ise—" In thy seed shall all the families of the earth be blessed." Gen. 28:14. The incarna tion and sacrifice of our Lord Jesus Christ, the Lamb slain from the foundation of the world is the procuring cause of what we are now con sidering—the ministry of those angels who could never have worn towards man any other aspect than that of stern, irreconcilable hostili ty, had man remained under the dominion Satan, to do forever the work of his conquer ing master. It was through the dying and ris ing again of the Son of God, to be accomplished in the fulness of time, that angels could find medium of friendly communication with earth and Jacob knew this, assuredly; for his was the saving faith described by Paul, " the sub stance of things hoped for; the evidence of things not seen." Heb. 11:1. The cloudy pillar had an angelic attendant " The angel of God which went before the camp of Israel, removed and went behind them and the pillar of the cloud went from before their face, and stood behind them, and it came between the camp of Israel and the camp of the Egyptians." Exod. 14:19,20. We can hardly read this without remembering what Gabriel said to Daniel, of Michael the archangel, call ing him " the great prince that standeth for the children of thy people." No doubt there were myriads of those celestial warriors seen afterward on the mountain of Dothan ; but they had a leader appointed of God: and of him it is said afterwards—" I will send an angel before thee; and I will drive out the Canaanite, the Amorite, and the Hittite, and the Perrizite, the Hivite, and the Jebusite." Exod. 33:2. And to prove that this was to be really a created an- gel, the Lord also says—" For I will not go up in the midst of thee, for thou art a stiff-necked people; lest I consume thee in the way." Exod. 33:3. We meet no more with angels, until Balaam's alarming encounter, which does not come un- der this head : and then we lose sight of them again, until the people being securely settled in the promised land, and proceeding as usual to provoke the Lord by their disobedience, they are strongly reproved, yet with mild dignity, by a commissioned minister. " An angel of the Lord came up from Gilgal to Bochim, and said, I made you go up out of Egypt, and have brought you unto the land which I swear unto your fathers: and I said, I will never break my covenant with you. And ye shall make no league with the inhabitants of this land ; ye shall throw down their altars: but ye have not obeyed my voice : why have ye done this ? Wherefore I also said, I will not drive them out from before you : but they shall be as thorns in your sides ; and their gods shall be a snare unto you. And it came to pass, when the an- el of the Lord spake these words unto all the children of Israel, that people lifted up their voices and wept." Judges 2:1-4. Although the purport of this message was menancing, the tone was very gentle, and the remonstrance, Why have ye done this ?" following close on the remembrance of God's faithfulness to his great promises, was well calculated to melt the people as it did ; so that for a time they returned to their duty, and served the Lord; but re- volts ensued, and deliverances were granted on their temporary repentance, until on another provocation, the Lord delivered them into the hand of Midian for seven years. The children of Israel, greatly oppressed and impoverished, cried unto the Lord; and then followed this interposition: " There came an angel of the Lord, and sat under an oak that was in Ophrah, that pertained unto Joash the Abe-ezrite : and his son Gideon threshed wheat by the wine- press, to hide it from the Midianites. And the angel of the Lord appeared unto him, and said unto him, The Lord is with thee, thou mighty man of valour. And Gideon said unto him, Oh my Lord, if the Lord be with us, why then is all this befallen us ? and where be all his miracles which our fathers told us of, saying, Did not the Lord bring us from Egypt ? But now the Lord hath forsaken us, and delivered us into the hands of the Midianites. It does not appear that Gideon suspected the celestial character of the person he conversed with : in- deed, it is certain he did not; and the respect- ful style in which he addressed the stranger must have resulted from perceiving in him so much of dignity, as demanded it; while an equal degree of benevolence in this aspect doubtless led to so frank a tone, in answering one who might be a spy of the enemy. The narrative proceeds:—" And the Lord looked upon him, and said, Go in this thy might, and thou shalt save Israel from the hands of the Midianitfes: have I not sent thee ? And he said unto him, Oh my Lord, wherewith shall I sate Israel ? Behold my family is poor in Manasseh, and I am the least in my father's house. And the Lord said unto him, Surely I will be with thee, and thou shalt smite the Midianites as one man." This seems to have excited Gideon's hope that his companion's mes sage was indeed from the Lord: probably he took him for a prophet. " And he said unto him, If now I have found grace in thy sight, then show me a sign that thou talkest with me. Depart not hence, I pray thee, until I come un- to thee, and bring forth my present, and set it before thee. And he said, I will tarry until thou come again. And Gideon went in, and made ready a kid, and unleavened cakes of an ephah of flour: the flesh he put in a basket, and he put the broth in a pot, and brought it out unto him under the oak, and presented it. And the angel of Lord said unto him, Take the flesh, and the unleavened cakes and lay them upon this rock, and pour out the broth. And he did so. Then the angel of the Lord put forth the end of the staff that was in his hand, and touched the flesh, and the unlea- vened cakes; and there rose up fire out of the rock, and consumed the flesh and the unlea- vened cakes. Then the angel of the Lord de- parted out of his sight. And when Gideon perceived that he was an angel of the Lord, Gideon said, Alas, O Lord God: for because I have seen an angel of the Lord face to faCe And the Lord said unto him, Peace be unto thee, fear not: thou shalt not die*' JudoP 6:11-23. m After this remarkable interview with an an gel messenger, we find Gideon receiving com- munications direct from the Lord himself; but the way in which he was prepared for these revelations was exceedingly beautiful. The angel probably appeared as a wayfaring man since we read of the staff that he had in his hand; and the language in which he addressed the young thresher of wheat, was exquisitly adapted at once to encourage and prepare him for fuller manifestations of the divine favor After this, we hear of no more angelic visits: the language is uniformly, " The Lord said un- to Gideon," and under the immediate direction of Jehovah, he wrought all his stupendous ex- ploits, delivering Israel, and preserving peace within her borders to the end of a long life. There is something remarkable in the fre. quently abrupt transitions from the description and language of an angel to the presence and the voice of God himself. We have seen this in the first communication made to Moses, from the flaming bush ; and surely it is at least equally consonant with reason and Scirptureto suppose the Lord graciously prepared his weak, sinful creatures to hear His voice, and to be sensible of his special presence, by this method of heralding Himself, as to insist that when an angel is distinctly named, the Lord Jesus is the person intended. It is dangerous to put arbitrary interpretations on God's words, for which we have no direct authority from Him- self; the determination fully to comprehend and account for " secret things," which " be- long unto the Lord our God," may lead to pre- sumption, to " foolish and unlearned questions," and perhaps to very dangerous errors connect- ed with the person and office of the Lord Jesus: while by receiving in its most obvious sense what the Holy Spirit has moved his servants to write for our learning, we cannot greatly mis- take. An inspired apostle has told us, that the created angels are " ministering spirits, sent forth to minister to them that shall be heirs of salvation." We find throughout the Old Tes- tament, and in the book of Revelation, angels constantly described as engaged in this very work; and why should we question their iden- tity ? why persist in understanding the greater part of these descriptions of angelic ministry as referring to Him of whom it is especially testi- fied that " He took not upon Him the nature of angels." Heb. 2:16- Gideon being gathered to his fathers, and Is- rael, as usual, continuing to revolt, and to pro- voke the Lord, they were repeatedly chastised by the hands both of foreign and domestic ty- rants. At length, after more than one genera- tion had passed away, the gracious and merci- ful God, whose Holy Spirit they grieved with their iniquities, prepared to raise up another de- liverer, and sent a heavenly messenger with the tidings. The history is remarkable, and deserves particular attention. Manoah, a Dan- ite, had a wife who was barren ; " And the an- gel of the Lord appeared unto the woman, and said, Behold now, thou art barren, and bearest not: but thou shalt conceive, and bear a son. Now, therefore, beware, I pray thee, and drink not wine nor strong drink, and eat not any un- clean thing: for lo, thou shalt conceive, and bear a son ; and no razor shall come on his head: for the child shall be a Nazarite unto God from the womb ; and he shall begin to de- liver Israel out of the hands of the Philistines. Then the woman came and told her husband, saying, A man of God came unto me, and his countenance was like the countenance of an an- gel of God, very terrible : but I asked him not whence he was, neither told he me his name.'' Judges 13:3-6. Here we see that the angels, on such occa- sions, appeared in a pefectly human form, so as to be taken for mortal men ; but there was that in their countenances—probably the emana- tion of minds perfectly holy, obedient, and faithful, and habitually engaged in the contem- plation of the Deity—which, to the corrupt na- ture of fallen man, appeared " very terrible." To such " beauty of holiness " had the counte- nance of Moses attained, while wholly separat- ed from earth, and the grosser elements of man's ordinary sustenance, having " seen God" for forty successive days on the mount. So, like- wise, shone the face of Stephen, on the very verge of that martyrdom which was particular- ly honored in being the first under the Chris- tian dispensation. The woman does not appear to have taken the angel for more than what she called him,44 A man of God;" a prophet; and the expression that she used in describing THE ADVEN T HERALD. 187 the majesty and brightness of his aspect was not an unfrequent one, in days when angelic faces were not so strange upon earth as they now are. We, probably, associate no idea of terribleness with that trite expression, " an an- gelic countenancewe know not, alas ! what man has lost, even in outward show, by revolt- ing from his God. Manoah's wife went on to repeat exactly what the angel had said; " Then Manoah en- treated the Lord, and said, 0 my Lord, let the man of God which thou didst send come again unto us, and teach us what we shall do unto the child that shall be born." A beautiful in- stance of simple faith! He makes no ques- tion of the matter, refers it all to God, and speaks of the child which has yet existed but in the divine promise, as though it was even then about to be born. We may safely assert that he was a man of prayer, who thus calmly, thank- fully received the answer to his accustomed supplications. The lovely and instructive his- tory proceeds : " And God hearkened unto the voice of Manoah; and the angel of God came again unto the woman as she sat in the field : but Manoah her husband was not with her. And the woman made haste, and ran, and showed her husband, and said unto him, Behold, the man hath appeared unto me, that came un- to me the other day. And Manoah arose, and went after his wife, and came to the man, and said unto him. Art thou the man that spakest unto the woman ? And he said, I am. And Manoah said, Now let thy words come to pass! How shall we order the child, and how shall we do unto him ? And the angel of the Lord said unto Manoah, Of all that I have said unto the woman let her beware. She may not eat of anything that cometh of the vine, neither let her drink wine or strong drink, nor eat any un- clean thing: all that I command her let her ob- serve. And Manoah said unto the angel of the Lord, I pray thee, let us detain thee, until we shall have made ready a kid for thee. And the angel of the Lord said unto Manoah, Though thou detain me, I will not eat of thy bread: and if thou wilt offer a burnt offering, thou must offer it unto the Lord. For Manoah knew not that he was an angel of the Lord. And Manoah said unto the angel of the Lord, What is thy name, that when thy sayings come to p^ass we may do thee honor ? It is impossible to pass over this grateful and doubt- less patriotic sentiment, for Manoah would have proclaimed that there was a prophet in Is- rael, and have sent his oppressed, afflicted, guilty countrymen to inquire of the Lord at his mouth. There is a nobleness in the language of this Israelitish pair the more striking from the simplicity and humility that accompany it. His request was not granted. " The Angel of the Lord said unto him, Why asketh thou thus after my name, seeing that it is secret ?" The margin reads, Wonderful: and because " Won- derful " is one of the names by which our bless- ed Lord is called, some have assured them- selves that it was Christ hirfiself who spake. We see no ground whatever for the assumption; the angel Gabriel announced to Zacharias the promised birth of a son in his old age ; one far greater than Samson; and he, too, was sent to Mary with tidings infinitely more important than either: it is surely, therefore, too much to catch at a single, doubtful word, to intro- duce the Lord of angels on such an occasion as this. Considering how prone the Israelites at that time were to idolatry, the very reason of Manoah's question was sufficient to prevent his obtaining an answer. The holy angel would not give his name to be enrolled among the new gods of Israel. " So Manoah took a kid and a meat-offering and offered it upon the rock unto the Lord; and the angel did wondrously ; and Manoah and his wife looked on. For it came to pass, when the flame went up toward heaven from off the altar, that the angel of the Lord accended in the flame of the altar. And Ma- noah and his wife looked on it and fell on their faces to the ground. But the angel of the Lord did no more appear to Manoah and his wife. Then Manoah knew that he was an an- gel of the Lord. And Manoah said unto his wife, We shall surely die, because we have seen God." The greatness of the miracle, and his surprise at discovering the celestial charac- ter of the Being with whom he had so familiar- ly conversed, were such that he went beyond the mark, as he had before fallen short of it, and imagined that he had instead of a mere prophet, seen Him whom none can look upon and live. His wife's encouraging reply is ad- mirable : " If the Lord were pleased to kill us, he would not have received a burnt-offering and a meat-offering at our hands, neither would he have shown us all these things, nor would as at this time have told us such things as these." Verse 23. They would not have received in- structions as to the bringing up of a child yet unborn, if their own lives were about to termi- nate ; nor could it be in wrath that the Lord had made known to them purposes so gracious towards themselves, and towards the whole na- tion who were to have a deliverer in their off- spring, whose birth and destiny were probably thus intimated in order to impress men's minds more deeply with the assurance that the prom- ised deliverance was wholly of the Lord. Believers in the Advent in Russia. [We copy the following article from the Christian News published in Glasgow, Eng., June 5th, 1848.] Shores of the Baltic, May, 1848.—I have re- cently obtained some intelligence respecting a Russian colony, of considerable extent, singular origin, and very uncommon attainments; of which though prevented by reasons affecting its political security from quoting all the sources of my information I may convey to your readers some very interesting particulars. Although doubtless the name of Temperance Societies was never heard of in the wide Step- pes of Russia, the thing itself is not unknown to a simple and true-hearted community of dis- senters from the Russian Greek Church, whose continued existence, and even increase, du- ring many years of persecution, seems to have borne some resemblance to Israel's experi- ence in Egypt; while their present compara- tive tranquility in the land of their banishment equally displays the power of Divine grace, and the truth of the declaration, " that when a man's ways please the Lord, he will make even his enemies to be at peace with him." The first detailed account which I saw of the Molokaners, or Milk-eaters, was contained in a letter from the Rev. Mr. Roth, one of the Bastle Mission- aries, whose station, Helenendorf, may well be described as situated on the utmost verge of Christendom. In the course of a missionary tour to Scha- machi and its environs—a journey in which the gospel messenger is exposed to dangers similar to those rehearsed by St. Paul, 2 Cor. 11:26— Mr. Roth met with a venerable member of this singular community, and he details the inter- view in the following words :—" It was in the middle of October, that in one of those nearly impassible and wholly indescribable roads, with which nothing in Germany can be compared, that I again fell in with one of those Moloka- ners of whom I have before made mention. With this aged and highly interesting disciple I was happily enabled to converse for some considerable time, as our several roads lay in the same direction, and one of my companions was capable of acting as interpreter between us. Before, however, entering on the chief subject of our discourse, it may be well to give a short account of the rise, past history, and present ex- tent, of this long despised and severely tried people. " The Milk-eaters seperated themselves from the Greek communion, avowedly, on account of the invocation of saints, the various masses, the worship of pictures and relics, the pre- scribed use of the sign of the cross, and similar superstitious observances, insisted on by the Greek Church. In short, they took conscien- tious exception against every part of the public worship of that Church, excepting the sermon, which, however, (more especially in the coun- try parishes,) is almost always omitted as su- perfluous. After enduring in their birth-place, which was situated in the interior of Russia, unspeakable hardships and oppressions, and seeing, year after year, many of their leaders exiled to Siberia, as obstinate heretics, it was matter of thankfulness to them when the Rus- sian government came to the determination, some eight or nine years since, to banish the whole of this pestilent sect to the Schamachian district in the province of Grusia. This puni- tive measure was no doubt meant for their hurt, but God turned it to good, as, like Israel of old, the more they were oppressed, the more they multiplied and grew. The Russian govern- ment may well have felt surprise at the amount of immigration to which this sentence of banish- ment gave rise; for there now exists in that wild region, from sixty to eighty villages, con- taining many thousand families. The norm of their faith is simply the Scriptures of the Old and New Testaments; their hymns are the Psalms of David, and the Bible knowledge pos- sessed by both men and women among them may be justly termed extraordinary. Their public worship commences with the singing of a psalm; then follows an extempore prayer by one of the elders, who afterwards reads and ex- pounds a chapter of the Bible, much in the manner, it would seem, of our Wirtemberg scripture readers The children of both sexes are, generally speaking, instructed by their own parents, although, where a person fitted for the task can be found in a village, a regular school is maintained. But however accomplished, the result is a most happy one, since not one child above twelve years of age can be found among this people who does not possess a competent knowledge of reading and writing, as well as a rich store of Scripture passages committed to memory. In respect of morals, they are so exemplary, that few denom- inations of German Christians may bear com- parison with them. When, for example, a dis- pute arises between two Molokaners (which is said to be a very rare occurrence), they feel bound in conscience to so literal a fulfilment of the apostolic admonition, 1 let not the sun go down upon your wrath,' that they make a rule of seeking out each other and shaking hands before sunset. A liar or a drunkard is un- known among them; indeed, the majority of them drink no species of fermented liquor (al- though the use of such is not forbidden), and hence the appellation of Milk-eaters, by which they are now generally known. Whether this name was at first assumed by themselves, or given in derision by others, I am unable to de- termine. Such being the character given of this singular and estimable sect by persons on whose testimony I feel warranted to depend, I return to my old fellow traveller and the con- versation which passed between us. You may imagine my surprise when, after some general remarks on religious topics, he addressed me as follows:—' I should feel greatly obliged if you will give me your opinion, whether we Molokaners are right in thinking that the com- ing of the Lord Jesus cannot be now far dis- tant V " After stating to him my conviction that, ac- cording to Scripture, we were bound to mark the movements of the nations, and especially the progress of the gospel proclamation, as the finger-posts which should guide our judgment as to ' times and seasons;' but that, notwith- standing this, the prophecies of Scripture could only be safely pronounced upon after their ful- filment, and that, therefore, in my mind, no mortal man was empowered or entitled to de- cide, with authoritative certainty, when the coming of the Son of Man would take place ; —I proceeded to impress upon, to the best of my ability, the present duty to which we were all called, that of watchfulness with prayer, since our Lord himself compared his coming to that of a thief in the night, or to a flash of light- ning, which may at any moment dazzle our as- tonished vision from the most unexpected quar- ter. The old man seemed satisfied with my answer, saying that was his own opinion too, and that it afforded him great pleasure to find their views on this question were shared by other Christians. I then observed, that in Germany several very pious men had given much diligence to the examination of all that could throw light on the interesting questions connected with the twelve hundred and sixty years, and yet had never been able to satisfy even their minds so fully upon it as to fix the time of our Lord's second coming. ' Among others,' continued I, ' a very thorough search was made into this matter many years ago, by a distinguished man named Bengel; but even he found it too high for him to reach, and its depth too great for him to fathom.' On the mention of Bengel's name, the old man's coun- tenance lighted up, and he exclaimed with ani- mation, ' 0 ! I know him—I know him well!' and farther converse proved him indeed no stranger to Bengel's sentiments. You may imagine my astonishment. Can it indeed be possible that Bengel's Apocalypse, or his Sixty Discoursed have been translated into Russ ? And yet, how else could this Russian become acquainted with his name and writings ? Lu- ther, too, appears to be a familiar name among the Molokaners, who sometimes, indeed, call themselves simply Lutherans, in opposition to the Russian Greek Church. But what a glo- rious hope does this excite as to the disclosures which the great day shall make ! What ex- tensive good may we not then find has been ac- complished by believing authors and preachers, compared with what either they or we ever dreamed of! And how large may be the ac- cession to the ' white-robed multitude,' which shall then stand at the right hand of the Judge, from places of the earth deemed by us as dark, only because they were to us unknown ! Last- ly," concluded Mr. Roth, " my old friend in- formed me that, but a very few weeks since, a fresh detachment, comprising several hundred families, had joined them from Russia, now no longer exiled by government, but coming of their own free will, to enjoy the liberty of faith and worship, granted to their co-religionists in their far, but not now desert home." Washington. It is not to any one striking quality we are to look for a true exponent of Washington—it is to the harmonious whole his character pre- sented. As a warrior he may be surpassed, but as a complete man he is without a paral- lel. Equal to any crisis, successful in all he undertakes, superior to temptation, faithful in every trial, and without a spot on his name, the history of the race cannot match him. All military men become more or less corrupted by a life in the camp, and many of our best offi- cers were demoralized ; but not a stain clung to Washington. Committing his cause to God before battle, and referring the victory to Di- vine goodness, he remained a religious man through a life on the tented field. In moral elevation, no warrior of ancient or modern times approaches him. Given to no excess himself, he sternly rebuked it in others. The principles of religion were deeply engraft- ed in his heart, and as there was no stain on his blade he could go from the fierce-fought field to the sacramental table. That brow which would have awed a Roman Senate in its proudest days, bent in the dust before his maker. In the darkest night of adversity, he leaned in solemn faith on Him who is " might- ier than the mightiest." As I see him moving through the wretched hovels of Valley Forge, his heart wrung at the destitution and suffering that meet his eye at every step, slowly making his way to the silent forest, and there kneel in prayer in behalf of his bleeding country—that voice which was never known to falter in the wildest of the conflict, choked with emotion— I seem to behold one on whom God has laid his consecrating hand, and all doubts and fears of ultimate success vanish like morning mist before the uprisen sun. There is no slavish fear of the Deity, which formed so large a part of Cromwell's religion, mingled in that devo- tion, but an unshaken belief in truth, and a firm reliance on heaven. A Brutus in justice, he did not allow per- sonal friendship to sway his decision, or influ- ence him in the bestowment of favors. Fear- ing neither carnage of battle nor the hatred of men, threats moved him no more than flatter- ies ; and what is stranger still, the strong aver- sion to giving pain to his friends, never swerved him from duty. Sincere in all his determina- tions, his word was never doubted, and his promise never broken. Intrusted finally with almost supreme power, he never abused it, and laid it down at last more cheerfully than he had taken it up. Bonaparte, vaulting to supreme command, seized with avidity, and wielded it without restraint. The Directory obstructing his plans, he broke it up with the bayonet.— Cromwell did the same with the Rump Parlia- ment, and installed himself Protector of Eng- land. and even hesitated long about the title of king. Washington, fettered worse than both, submitted to disgrace and defeat without using even a disrespectful word to Congress, and re- jected the offered crown with a sternness and indignation that forever crushed the hope6 of those who presented it. Calm and strong in council, untiring in effort, wise in policy, terri- ble as a storm in battle, and incorruptible in vir- tue, he rises in moral grandeur so far above the Alexanders and Csesars and Napoleons of the world, that even comparison seems injustice. —J. T. Headley. A HOLY CLERGY.—Let it ever be remem- bered, that no church can effect the highest ends of its institution, unless the clergy who minister at its altar walk worthy of their pro- fession, as well as teach her Scriptural doc- trines, and administer her sacramental rites.— Even the Jewish church, divinely appointed in all its parts, lost its general spirituality and efficiency by the decay of piety in its pastors. The seven Asiatic churches, whose praise is in the Apocalypse, once stars in the Son of Man's right hand, are extinct from the same cause. No creeds, no articles, no ecclesiastical platform, can be a substitute for a holy, diligent, learned, consistent clergy. In fact, the mass of mankind .have always judged of a church by i the doctrines and lives of its actual ministers, i more than by its antiquity and formularies. And, j undoubtedly, it is upon this that the conversion, edification, and salvation of each passing gene- ration almost entirely depend.—Dr. Wilson. 188 THE ADVENT HERALD. $t)e Itomtt fjcvalb. 'BEHOLD! THE BRIDEGROOM COMETH! BOSTON, SATURDAY, JULY 15, 1848. The Number of the Beast. " Here is wisdom. Let him that hath understanding count the number of the beast: for it is the number of a man; and his number is six hundred threescore and six."—Rev. 13:18. There is no one text which has more puzzled the brains of commentators than the above. The great object with the majority of them is, to find the name of some man or kingdom, the letters comprising which should express in their numeral value the number 666. The difficulty has been, not in finding a name to which this number will apply, but in select- ing from the multiplicity of names to which it will apply with equal plausibility. We have been forced to dissent from that mode of finding the beast, from the fact, that if the beast was to be found in this manner, the Holy Spirit in designating it, would not have done it in a manner so vague and indeterminate that the designation would apply with equal force to divers persons. Reasoning a priori, we should judge the designation could legitimately apply but to one. Still as the judgment of most commentators has led them to a different conclusion ; and as many wish to discover for themselves the beast which is thus num- bered, we give below the letters of the Latin, Greek, and Hebrew alphabets, which have a numeral value, with the value they express. As some who read this are unacquainted with the Greek and Hebrew alpha- bets, we append to them the name of each letter, and the Roman letter by which its sound is represented. The Hebrew letters are spelt as they are pronounced in English. lsi. The Latin Numerals. The Hebrew alphabet being exhausted, they used five of their letters which, when occurring at the end of words, assume a different form, to express the re- maining hundreds, viz.:— I denotes 1 C denotes 100 V " 5 D 500 X 10 M 1000 L " 50 2d. The Greek Numerals. Form. Sound. Name. Value. A u a Alpha. 1 B fi b Beta. 2 T y g Gamma. 3 A 2 d Delta. 4 E f e, short. Epsilon. 5 s s Sigma.* 6 z Z, z Zeta. 7 H q e, long. Eta. 8 © 9 th Theta. 9 I 1 i Iota. 10 K *. k Kappa. 20 A X 1 Lambda. 30 M p. m Mu. 40 N y n Nu. 50 a 1 X Xi. 60 O 0 o, short. Omicron. 70 II 7T P Pi. 80 M 90 P p r Rho. 100 E

« day, July 16. W. M. INGHAM? I shall (D. V.) preach at Thurlow, near Bellville, at Bro. Kitch pah's school-house, the second Sabbath in August, at 11 A. M. • on the Bayshore, near the Carrying-place, the third Sabbath in August at 11 A. M. ; at the Carrying-place, the same Sabbath, at 3 p. M • at Little Lake (.at Bro. Jinks';, the fourth Sabbath in Aug., at 2 p. The Lord willing, I will preach in Nashua the third ifwd's^day'm July, and the fourth aud fifth in Portsmouth, N. H. J. P. FARRAR. Providence permitting, I will attend meeting at the Plain's meet- iug-house in Newmarket, N. H., 011 the 30th of July. U. CHURCHILL The Lord willing, I will preach at Orrington the 4th Sabbath'in July; at Herman un the town house) the 5th; at Luieoluville Cen- tre vUnion meeting-house) 1st Sabbath in Aug. T. SMITH. If the Lord will, Bro. Daniel R, Mansfield will attend meetin<> at Brewer the 5th Sabbath in July; and at Orrington the 1st Sabbath in August. 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