FOR 
THE ORIENTAL WATCHMAN A \IDHERALD OF 
A MAGAZINE FOR HEALTH, HOME AND HAPPINESS 
EDITORIAL:Voir 
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UPERSTITION is belief in that 
which is without evidence in fact, 
and which therefore has only an imagi-
nary existence. It cannot be objectively 
examined. It is excessive fear or regard 
for some object, form or power, which 
does not operate or exist in reality. It 
is based on ignorance of how forces or 
powers can or do operate, and is, there-
fore, an ignorant and irrational belief 
in, and regard for, omens, divination, 
sorcery, "mantsams," talismans, charms, 
amulets, and much else of the same ilk. 
This does not imply that superstitious 
persons are all ignorant in every respect, 
but it does imply that they are stupid 
and ignorant in respect of those mattcrs 
about which they are superstitious. The 
more general the ignorance, the more 
general is the superstition likely to be; 
and the more stupid also, for all super-
stition is stupid. Where knowledge, 
which can be objectively examined and 
investigated, is meagre, superstition 
flourishes and controls the lives of 
people to a greater degree than else-
where. 
Superstition has controlled men and 
their behaviour since the dawn of 
history and has manifested itself in 
many and various forms. Usually it 
operates to men's hurt or disadvantage. 
Because superstition is not based on 
fact, but only on imagination and as-
sertion, its forms have not been uni-
form among the peoples of the earth. 
That which has been reverenced, or 
feared, or regarded, or which was taboo 
among one people, has been ignored by 
another without any known effect. This 
obtains even today. They who are 
governed by superstition sometimes ex-
perience that which, according to their 
contention, supports their belief, and a 
mere occasional coincidence is cited as 
proof. The experience is usually a 
loss, an injury, or disadvantage of some 
kind as punishment for violation of the 
superstition. Meanwhile, others who 
ignore it are not affected in any manner 
thereby. Is it not strange that super-
natural powers operate only according 
to human belief? Does not this indi-
cate that the power of a superstition is 
only in the mind? 
Natural forces operate uniformly 
according to definite laws in all places 
and at all times. Science is the same 
2 
science in India as in other lands. 
Knowledge that may be objectively 
tested anywhere, may be so tested in 
India. 
Many superstitious beliefs of the past 
have perished with the people who 
believed them. Some religions that 
have now been forgotten were almost 
entirely organized superstition. Much 
religion of the present day is still so. 
The Persian King Cambyses was en-
abled to conquer his more powerful 
enemies, the Egyptians, by carrying cats 
in the van of his army. The supersti-
tious Egyptians feared to kill the cats 
lest divine wrath overtake them. Why 
did not divine wrath overtake the 
Persians who did not fear to kill cats? 
Or was there one brand of divine wrath 
for Egyptians and another for Persians? 
Or are there as many kinds as there 
are beliefs? We think not. But if the 
killing of cats in Egypt in times past 
incurred the displeasure of supernatural 
powers, why does it not do so in Egypt 
today? And in India? Instead of cats 
and instead of Egypt, substitute other 
animals and other lands and see what 
we have today! 
In the history of the continents we 
read that when a few hundred years ago 
a famous explorer arrived on the shores 
of a newly discovered land, he and his 
company were received with hostility 
by the natives. But he had learned of 
their superstitious regard for dragons 
that inhabit the atmospheric regions 
about us. He also knew that at a 
certain time there was to be an eclipse 
of the moon. In order to bring his 
superstitious hosts to terms, he threat-
ened to have the moon devoured by a 
dragon, and as the eclipse developed 
the terrified people quickly yielded to 
his demands. Disaster and destruction 
were in the minds controlled by super-
stition, but power and victory in those 
controlled by knowledge and common 
sense. 
We have a friend who always hangs 
some ludicrous or attention-taking object 
in his garden to avert the evil eye. It 
may be an ugly effigy of a man, an old 
shoe, or a broken vessel. Sometimes 
his garden thrives, and the averting 
object is given the credit. But other 
gardens whose owners do not fear the 
evil eye and who take no steps to avert 
it, also prosper when given good care 
and if weather conditions are favour-
able. Of course, the power of the 
averting object is in the mind only. 
A house under construction was near-
ing completion. The contractor had 
neglected to hang up the averting 
object. A coolie woman leaned heavily 
on the newly formed cement balustrade 
along the well of a staircase. The 
concrete not being well set, gave way, 
carrying the woman with it. The 
Brahmin contractor was blamed for 
the accident since he had neglected to 
hang up the protection. To argue that 
the woman's thoughtlessness or stupid-
ity would not have been operative had 
the averting object been present is only 
to add stupidity to stupidity. 
Accidents are not caused or prevented 
by the operation of any power of in-
animate objects, but only by man's re-
lationship to them. 
Think of all the mischief that is 
ascribed to the evil eye in India! If 
the evil eye must be averted in India 
why need it not be averted in other 
lands? Is it a local monopoly? We 
believe that the evil eye exists in the 
mind only, and except for the mischief 
it does in the mind it is not a thing to 
be feared. 
The list of signs and omens that con-
trol the lives and activities of the Indian 
people is truly impressive. One can 
but wonder why supernatural powers 
would manifest themselves so markedly 
in one country and not elsewhere. 
Among that which is to be observed are 
such as sneezing, yawning, the chirping 
of lizards, the cawing and other actions 
of crows, the nodding of the head by 
chameleons and the power of numbers. 
Cows, deer, crows, and pigeons, seen 
moving from the left to the right, are 
regarded as good omens, while dogs and 
jackals must be seen moving in the 
opposite direction. A loud cry from 
the east is a bad omen, as is also a 
chair or a vehicle carried upside down. 
A student on his way to the examination 
hall, seeing a Brahmin or a widow. 
must avert the power of the evil omen 
by retracing his steps. Is it not rather 
remarkable that his mental ability, his 
diligence and faithfulness in study, and 
his knowledge of facts, as well as the 
efficiency of his teachers may all be 
THE ORIENTAL WATCHMAN, MARCH 1948 
Sidiwar 
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nullified by the sight of a Brahmin or 
a widow? Where does common sense 
enter? 
Of auspicious and inauspicious sea-
sons, days and hours, there is almost 
no end. Almost every necessary act 
of life has its auspicious and inauspi-
cious time. Some who formerly were 
governed by this now ignore it, and 
fare as well as they did then. Among 
some communities Sunday and Friday 
before noon are bad times to start a 
journey westward. It is equally bad 
to go east on Monday or Saturday. 
Never go north on Tuesday or Wednes-
day. Often we have found these alleged 
inauspicious days for travel very aus-
picious, since more space and comfort 
were available in railway coaches. 
Some years ago two of our friends 
purchased building sites in one of 
India's great cities. One, observing 
some unfavourable omen refused to 
build while waiting for an auspicious 
time. War broke out, materials became 
scarce, costs increased enormously, and 
the house still remains unbuilt. The 
other who disregarded omens, completed 
his house before adverse economic con-
ditions overtook him, and is today reap-
ing a rich profit as a reward for being 
governed by common sense. 
some shopkeepers will not sell white 
paint after sundown or after the lamrs 
are lighted. There are days when it is 
bad to shave. Endless enmity and 
hatred will arise if one dines with 
friends on Sunday or Thursday, and so 
on ad infinitum. 
The power of superstition obtains 
because of the attitude of mind. There 
is no objective or scientific basis for it, 
but there is power in ideas even though 
they be lying delusions. Facts may be 
objectively studied and scientifically 
examined. There is a basis for them 
in truth. Causes and effects may be 
ascertained even though the process be 
long and tedious; but the power of 
superstition has no basis in fact, and 
does not exist in reality. This has been 
proved a thousand times by those who 
have long lived in the fear and bondage 
of superstition and have suddenly 
broken away from it without experien-
cing any of the threatened evils. 
Ignorance of the operation of natural 
laws promotes superstition. Certain 
classes of pseudo-leaders among men 
have perpetuated the grip of superstition 
in order to advance their own interest. 
Among such are priests, fortune-tellers, 
astrologers, clairvoyants, magicians, 
medicine-men and others whose prestige 
and economic welfare depends on super- 
stitious belief and ignorance. Often 
they oL3truct the progress of education 
and deny knowledge to those who follow 
them. They know well that superstition 
cannot flourish where there is knowledge 
of facts and where common sense 
governs actions and feelings. Ignorance 
and intellectual darkness are supersti-
tion's paradise. 
Then, too, there is the power of 
natural attraction to the mysterious and 
occult. That which cannot be examined 
or explained or understood is often 
more highly regarded by the gullible 
than knowledge. Under the influence of 
ignorance this power operates like that 
which draws a moth into the flame of 
a candle to be incinerated. To be 
governed by superstition is intellectual 
weakness. 
Among some large groups of peopk, 
superstition has almost entirely disap-
peared, and the remaining vestiges arc 
not usually taken seriously. Science 
has made clear much that was formerly 
believed to be supernatural. Supersti-
tion based on falsehood and feeling has 
been replaced by common sense and 
reason, and mankind has benefited ac-
cordingly. 
Memory Tube 
A UNITED STATES naval laboratory 
engineer has invented an electrical de-
vice that "remembers." It is a glass 
tube about two feet long and five inches 
in diameter; similar to those used in 
modern television. It is so arranged 
that it catches electrical impulses by 
means of one electronic beam and puts 
them on a screen inside the tube where 
they are held by another beam as "mem-
ory." A third beam releases and trans-
mits the "memorized" impulses at will 
of the operator. This device is ex-
pected to be a great aid in the opera-
tion of certain radar equipment and in 
the use of electronic computers. 
Insecticide 
IT is reported that the American 
Cynamid Company has brought out an 
insecticide called "Thiophos 3422" 
which is twenty-five times as effective as 
DDT, yet harmless to products or the 
user. No species of insect has been 
found which is resistant to the new 
THE ORIENTAL WATCHMAN. MARCH 1948 
product. This insecticide is particu-
larly recommended for fruit and vege-
table pests. 
Fish Story 
IN ICHTHYOPHAGOUS Japan, good 
fishing techniques are a matter of na-
tional importance. So the Japanese 
Government asked Dr. Tadayoshi Sa-
saki, of Tokyo's Institute of Physical 
and Chemical Research, to work out a 
commercial way of using light to catch 
more fish. Last week Dr. Sasaki de-
scribed a fiendishly clever system of 
luring fish to their doom. 
At some distance off shore. Dr. Sa-
saki places a roughly V-shaped net. 
Inside the net, under water, he hangs 
a sealed-beam headlight bulb fed with 
current from a storage battery, the 
beam pointing out of the net. He hangs 
other bulbs, giving diffused light, in a 
long line toward the shore. 
After nightfall, Dr. Sasaki turns on 
the lights. The fish, which are very 
fond of light, think it's a party—or 
maybe a whole series of parties. They 
gather in swarms, cavorting around 
each light. When enough fish have 
gathered, Dr. Sasaki turns off the light 
nearest the shore. 
The fish, not yet ready for the party 
to stop, move to the next light. After 
a while Dr. Sasaki douses that light too. 
The fish move on, in a growing throng, 
like tipplers shunted from bar to bar 
by a series of closing hours. At last 
the only remaining light is the fatally 
attractive beam that beckons from in-
side the net. The fish swim in and Dr. 
Sasaki hauls up his net. In the cold 
light of dawn, the light-minded fish are 
headed for broiling (yaki zakana). 
One species, the austere Arey mullet, 
seems uninterested in parties. But Dr. 
Sasaki is not discouraged. He is plan-
ning to try coloured lights. in hope that 
the stepped-up allure will attract the 
grey mullet too. 
Nobel Prizes 
THE committee of eminent Swedes 
that passes out Nobel Prizes, each of 
which amounts to about Rs. 135.000, 
gave the 1947 physics and chemistry 
prizes to two Britons, Sir Edward Vic-
tor Appleton and Sir Robert Robinson. 
The 1947 Nobel Prize in medicine 
was awarded to two Americans, Dr. Carl 
F. Cori and his wife Dr. Gerty Cori, of 
Washington University, and Dr. B. A. 
Houssay of Argentina. The peace prize 
was awarded jointly to the American 
(Continued on page 6) 
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THE 
SMOKELESS OVEN 
FOR EVERY HOME 
^EVELnPrn AT TI-IP 
HYDERABAD ENGINEERING 
RESEARCH LABORATORIES 
OVEN t- BUILT OF MUD OR BRICK-IN-MUD. 
PLASTERED WITH FINE EARTH. 
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DIAMETER OF HOUSE. ABOUT ISMALLER THAN Do?. 
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SPECIAL FEATURES 
SIMPLE:- E.CAN BE BUILT BY ANY MASON WITH MATEMALt 
AVAILABLE EVEN IN A VILLAGE. 
2.0AN BE USED BY ANY HOUSEWIFE OR COOK. 
1.ELIMiNATES SMOKE d. SMARTING OF EYES 11. NOSE. 
2.REDUCES BLOWING OF FIRE &HEAT OF oPENFLAmi 
3.KEEPs FOOD FREE FROM SOOT R ASH. 
4.MAKEs KITCHEN CLEAN E. CHEERFUL 
ECONOMIC:- L. SAVES FUEL. 
2. SAVES LABOUR. 
3. PROVIDES HOT-WATER. 
4. COSTS ABOUT Rs./4/- 
EVEt. 
1. OVEN MEANT FOR FIREWOOD, C �
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FLOE)* 
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OPENING FOR FIREWOOD:- �
FRONT ELEVATION 
NORMALLY 417:41FOR BIGGER FAMILIES WIDTH MAY 5:. 7 OR B4. 
Smoke Is a Detriment to Health in Most Indian Homes, and 
a Cause of Untidiness and Disfigurement. The Herl Smuleeless 
Chula, Designed by Dr. S. P. Raju, B.A., B.A., Dr. Ing. 
(Munich), M.I.E. (Ind.), M.I.A.H.S.R. (Stockholm), Is So 
Constructed That These Defects Are Eliminated. 
The Drawings and Photographs Reproduced Herewith Are 
Made Available Through the Service and Courtesy of the 
Hyderabad Engineering Research Laboratories of which, Dr. S. 
P. Raju is the Directcr, and to Whom Enquiries for Further 
Information May Be Directed. 
As the servant problem is becoming acute and it may become 
necessary for the high class ladies to come into the kitchen, 
this special compact type on the left has been developed. It pro-
vides the usual kitchen requirements including (i) the actual 
cooking range; (ii) the preparation table for operations like 
cutting vegetables, kneading flour, mixing of food-stuff; (iii) a 
sink for washing; (iv) shelves and cupboards for the kitchen 
stoves; (v) storage space for firewood; (vi) garbage bin, etc. In 
order to save space in the kitchen, as also the time and energy of 
the housewife, this compact unit is more or less in the form of 
a "II." 
The "Heel" Chula in a Village Cottage. 
To meet the needs of the village, a simpler arrangement is 
devised with only two holes for cooking pots, a hot water pot 
and a chimney consisting of the round tiles that are used for 
roofing in the villages and in poorer houses in the cities. 
THE ORIENTAL WATCHMAN, MARCH 1948 
The Agelong Smoky Chula. The New Smokeless "HERL" 
Chula. 
5 
IN THE NEWS 
(Continued from page 3) 
Friends Service Committee and the 
Friends Service Council in London. 
Cause of Death 
MELVIN H. KNISELY, a physiologist 
at the University of Chicago, after 
seventeen years of research asserts that 
lie �
,liscoverec the; cause of de^ th hy 
disease or injury. �
Using a special 
quartz-rod light of his own designing 
with the microscope, he has found that 
in illness the red blood cells in the 
plasma clump together in sluggish 
masses. Such sludged blood cannot 
circulate through tiny blood vessels. 
Body cells are thus deprived of food 
and oxygen, and death ensues. Knisely 
found that disease or injury causes the 
body to deposit a sticky substance on 
the red blood cells which causes them 
to adhere and form sludge. 
Geiger Counter 
IN THIS atomic age another fear has 
been added to man's already long list 
—the fear of injury inflicted by radio-
activity unknown to the victim. A 
handy pocket model of a Geiger Coun-
ter has therefore been developed by the 
University of Chicago, which is so easy 
to read that anyone can tell when his 
surroundings become dangerously radio-
active. The user just presses a button, 
and if the indicator moves across the 
scale, he can be sure that he is being 
bombarded by unhealthy radiation. 
Progress 
IN 1898 in his Practical Ethics, Henry 
Sidgwick assured the world that wars 
of the future would be less brutal than 
thcse of the past. but in a recent issue 
of the British Weekly Mr. Desmond 
MacCarthy says: "It is silly to believe 
in progress—at least in any human 
sense." 
Not All Evil 
How do disease germs enter the 
body? What is the circulatory system 
of a plant? These and other questions 
are now being answered by scientists 
who mix radioactive substances in mi-
nute quantities with the foOd cf animals, 
inject them into the bloodstream, and 
in other ways pursue research hitherto 
impossible. The radioactivity makes it 
possible to follow the course of such 
substances in animals and plants. 
Untouchability 
INDT A'S Constituent Assembly has 
adopted the provision that "untouch-
ability in any form is abolished." So, 
in theory at least. 50.000,000 untouch-
ables in India no longer exist. How-
ever, untouchability is a fundamental of 
6 
Hindu religion, and the implementation 
of this act in actual Hindu life will re-
quire time. 
Raft 
THE six young Scandinavian sci-
entists who were set adrift on a primi-
tive raft, have proved their contention 
that the Polynesian Islands might have 
been settled by drifting navigators 
from South America. After four 
months aboard a fifty-foot raft made of 
lashed balsa logs, a single mast, and a 
crude sail, the group was carried by 
the Humbolt current from the Peruvian 
coast to Tuamotu Archipelago, more 
than 4,000 miles away. 
 
Anti-Malarial 
DICHROA FEBRIFUGA is the botanical 
name of a Chinese plant which has 
been found to contain two anti-malarial 
chemicals, one of them one hundred 
times more powerful than quinine. 
Sleep 
RITA ARGAL, a twenty-five-year-old 
Australian girl, woke up recently in a 
hospital at Melbourne. She sat up and 
rubbed her eyes. "Where am I?" she 
asked. "What happened? I feel as 
though I have been dead." She had 
been asleep for six months. Leading 
nerve specialists say that she had not 
been suffering from sleeping-sickness, 
but that her condition may have re-
sulted from a process of mind induced 
by escape mechanism. 
Toward Better Teeth 
THE addition of fluorine to drinking 
water can probably reduce dental decay 
by sixty per cent. This appears from 
tests ccnducted in seven United State3 
cities during the past two years. 
For example: In a city with a 
population of 30,000, dangerous counts 
of lactobacillus acidophilus in the saliva 
of children under eight, was reduced by 
fluorine from 63.5 to 47.3 per cent. In 
a neighbouring city of equal size, with-
out fluorine in its water, no change in 
the percentage of children affected by 
tooth decay could be observed. These 
tests showed that apparently one part 
fluorine in 1,000.000 parts water is the 
best mixture. These tests will go on 
for another eight years to determine 
heir long, range effects.—US/S. 
"Airphibian" Is Both Plane and 
Motor Car 
FROM time to time a small, alumin-
ium-coloured plane lands at an airport 
in the United States of America. taxis 
to a hangar, sheds its wings, tail and 
propeller, and drives off on the road 
to the city. Pilot, driver. inventor and' 
manufacturer of the "airphibian" is 
Robert Edison Fulton, Jr., descendant 
of the inventor of the steamboat. He 
travels on business in his invention, 
which is up for licensing approval by 
the U. S. Civil Aeronautics Administra-
tion and will soon he sold commercially. 
The fuselage on land becomes an au-
tomobile body, resembling that of a 
racing car. It rolls on four small 
wheels which also serve as landing gear. 
In flight the airphibian cruises at 105 
miles per hour, and on the ground it can 
be driven at a speed of 45 miles per 
hour. The motor and the steering 
wheel are the same for flight or road 
travel. The transformation from plane 
to car takes between three and four min-
utes. 
Bomb-Proof 
WHAT is advertised as the world's 
first atom-proof factory, is now under 
construction in Oslo, Norway. The 
plant is believed capable of\ resisting 
every type of bomb invented—so far at 
least. 
World's Largest Flying Boat 
THE world's largest flying boat, in 
construction for nearly five years, re-
cently made its first taxi runs at Long 
Beach, California. On the third test 
run, the 180-metric-ton colossus built 
of plywood, took to the air and flew a 
mile some 70 feet above water. 
The Howard Hughes plane is 219 
feet long, spreads its wings 320 feet; 
its thin rudder towers 80 feet above the 
keel. It is said that the plane could 
transport a maximum of 700 persons. 
When fully loaded it draws eight feet 
of water. Eight motors produce 24,000 
horsepower. Controls are operated by 
a hydraulic system with 26,000 pounds 
pressure. Major flight tests are not ex-
pected before March, 1948. 
Preventing Tooth Decay 
A METHOD of preventing tooth de-
coy by adding to sugar during refining 
chemicals to check the acids in sugar 
that attack teeth, has been advanced by 
Dr. L. S. Fosdick of the Northwestern 
University Dental School at Chicago, 
Illinois, U. S. A. �
Of the thirty-one 
chemicals usable, glycerol aldehyde is 
considered best. It is a triose sugar, a 
natural constituent of muscle, harmless, 
without objectionable taste, and mixes 
readily with sugar. 
"Sandpaper" Tyres for Icy Roads 
A TYRE with a firm grip on icy and 
snowy roads is being distributed to 
American dealers for winter sales by 
the B. F. Goodrich Company. Designed 
strictly for winter roads, the tyre has 
abrasive particles moulded into its rub-
ber stock. Types for trucks, buses, and 
passenger cars are being produced. 
THE ORIENTAL WATCHMAN, MARCH 1948 
Rheumatism, rheumatism, 
How it pains, 
How it pains, 
Up and down the system, 
Up and down the system, 
When it rains, 
When it rains. 
A
S youngsters we used to sing the 
above words in a round. They 
are quite accurate, as well as being 
poetic. for rheumatism does make the 
rounds up and down the system. It 
usually hits one joint, then another, and 
another, leaving in its wake many 
chronic sufferers. 
Chronic rheumatism is the most 
prevalent chronic disorder amonc, civil-
ized people. There are twice as many 
sufferers from chronic rheumatism as 
there are from its nearest competitor—
chronic heart disease. 
Rheumatism is painful, aggravating, 
and produces no end of crippling; yet 
we hear comparatively little about it as 
compared to other diseases. Probably 
the reason for this is that rheumatism 
as such rarely kills; it merely handi- 
for the joints. In the back this con-
nective tissue occurs in sheaths between 
large muscle groups, and continues 
from the back down over the outside 
surface of the thigh muscles. This may 
help explain some of the symptoms 
people complain of when they have 
muscular rheumatism, or fibrositis. If 
the connective tissue of the neck or back 
becomes inflamed, then the individual 
suffers neck or back pains, sometimes 
called lumbago. 
Fibrositis of the joints is inflamma-
tion in the connective tissue around the 
joints themselves. Many times the 
joints of the hands or wrists are in-
volved, and the stiffnss is quite dis-
abling. The individual suffering from 
this type cf fibrositis has often noticed 
that he is stiffer in the morning than at 
night. He finds that as he moves about 
in the morning he limbers up. At the 
same time he may have noticed that if 
he sits down during the day this limber-
ing-up process has to begin all over 
again. In other words, he becomes stiff 
when not active and tends to get better 
when he uses the muscles. 
whereas those who suffer from infec-
tious arthritis are generally run-down, 
lose weight, and may have a slight rise 
in temperature. Persons with muscular 
rheumatism do not have an increased 
temperature, and there is no sign of in-
fection that will show in the blood 
examination. 
For the person suffering from mus-
cular rheumatism there are some simple. 
procedures that can be carried out at 
home, which will help in alleviating 
the pain and stiffness. If suitable 
water treatments are carried out persist-
ently, they often bring welcome relief. 
It is important that one know that he is 
suffering from fibrositis before he begins 
to carry out any measures at home, 
however, for it is possible to aggravate 
a true arthritis by treating it too 
vigorously. 
If the fibrositis is located in the 
hands and wrists, then there is nothing 
better than alternate hot and cold hand 
baths. These can he taken in the fol-
lowing manner: Hat e two large basins, 
one for hot water and one for cold. 
WHAT IS FIBROSITIS? 
WAYNE MCFARLAND, M. D. 
caps one. Consequently cancer, apo-
plexy, Bright's disease, infantile paral-
ysis, and heart failure are in the lime-
light, whereas with rheumatism people 
just live on and suffer. 
There are several kinds of rheuma-
tism. In fact, the word "rheumatism" 
includes not only diseases that affect 
the bones and joints, but also diseases 
that affect the muscles, bone and joint 
coverings, and muscle tendons. In this 
article we shall confine oursei_ves to the 
disease of the muscles and the tendons. 
This is often called muscular rheuma-
tism, or fibrositis. Fibrositis is due to 
an inflammation of white fibrous con-
nective tissue, and this inflammation can 
occur anywhere in the body where there 
is muscle or tendcn tissue. 
You may have cut yourself at some 
time. The scar that formed when the 
cut healed was made up of white fibrous 
connective tissue. This type of tissue 
is normally found separating muscles 
"and muscle fibres. It is concentrated 
in bundles at the ends of the muscles, 
forming tendcns. This same type of 
fibrous tissue is found around the joints 
of the body. Here it forms ligaments, 
which act as a protection and support 
THE ORIENTAL WATCHMAN, MARCH 1948 
This is quite different from the case 
of one who is suffering from true 
arthritis, or bony rheumatism. In 
arthritis the more one uses the joint 
the worse the pain becomes. Arthritics 
usually find that they feel better after 
a good night's rest and can move about 
more freely with less pain. Not so with 
the individual suffering from fibrositis; 
he feels better when he is active. 
Sometimes the tissue about the finger 
joints swells in fibrositis. A doctor 
must be consulted to be sure that it is 
muscular rheumatism and not bony 
arthritis that the patient is suffering 
from in such a case. Many a person 
has suffered from what he thought was 
arthritis, and may even have treated 
himself for this, when in reality he was 
suffering from fibrositis. This may be 
discovered by taking an X-ray picture. 
Arthritis leaves tell-tale marks in the 
bones. Fibrositis does not. 
This brings us to the fact that a 
thorough examination must be done by 
a competent physician in order for one 
to know whether he is suffering from 
muscular rheumatism or bony rheuma- 
tism. �
A person who suffers • from 
fibrositis usually does not lose weight, 
The temperature of the hot water should 
b3 110 degrees Fahrenheit or more. In 
fact, the hotter you can stand it the 
better the reaction will be as you change 
from hot to cold. To keep the cold 
water cold, you should have some ice 
cubes floating in it. 
Begin the treatment by placing the 
hands in the hot water for a period of 
ten minutes. Then take them from the 
hot water and place them in the cold 
water for a period of from fifteen to 
thirty seconds. It may be that you can-
not hold your hands in cold Water for 
full fifteen seconds to begin with, but 
hold them in as long as possible. From 
the cold water return them to the hot. 
This time keep them in the hot water for 
only three minutes. Next place the 
hands back in the cold water for thirty 
seconds; then back in the hot for three 
minutes; then in the cold for thirty 
seconds and so on. Alternating back 
and forth from the hot to the cold water 
produces a vigorous increase in circula-
tion. When you have changed from 
hot to cold six or eight times. dry the 
hands thoroughly. Now apply vigor-
ous massage to the tender areas. If 
someone in the family can give massage 
7 
at the end of the treatment, so much the 
better. Usually a mild form of fibrositis 
can be relieved in a matter of only a 
few days if this simple procedure is 
carried out two or three times a day. 
Should one suffer. from fibrositis of 
the neck muscles, another form of treat-
ment would have to be used, fcr it 
would be difficult to give one's neck an 
alternate hot and cold tub bath. For 
neck-muscle fibrositis one should ob-
tain an infra-red lamp. Use it in the 
following manner: Place the heating 
element from eighteen to twenty-four 
inches away from the part to be treated. 
Apply heat for a period of from thirty 
to forty-five minutes. If the-heat is too 
intense, it will cause red and white 
blotchy areas on the skin. This means 
that the heating element is too close to 
the part being treated, for the skin 
should develop no more than a faint 
pink blush. After from thirty to forty-
five minutes of heating with infra-red, 
apply deep vigorous massage to the 
neck muscles. After the massage bend 
the head forward as far as possible, then 
to the right, left, and back as far as 
possible. Lastly, rotate the head, 
stretching the muscles of the neck to 
their limit. 
In about fifty per cent of cases 
nodules thay 'De found in the muscles, 
and can be felt when massaging the 
areas that are involved. These nodules 
are particularly painful. As long as 
they remain they will cause inflamma-
tion in the surrounding tissue, and the 
rr.uscle will be sore and tender and will 
easily cramp or go into spasm. This 
is often seen in fibrositis of the low 
back muscles or in the muscles of the 
thigh. When there are nodules present, 
these must be rubbed away with deep 
heavy massage, using the ball of the 
hand or thumb. 
We do not know the exact cause of 
fibrositis, but it is known that cold and 
damp weather aggi avates muscular 
rheumatism and that it can be aggra-
vated also by over-use of muscles when 
the fatigue products are not carried 
away as they should be. But, in view 
of the above-described treatments, some-
thing can be done about fibrositis even 
enough we do not know its cause. 
There have been some reports by 
medical men that vitamin E will help a 
person suffering from fibrositis. This 
vitamin must be taken in enormous 
.doses and should be taken under the 
supervision et a physician if it is used 
in the treatment of this particular con-
dition. In the ordinary type of fibro-
sitis, however, most sufferers will find 
that the above-suggested simple treat-
ment measures will be found adequate. 
WHAT TO DO ABOUT LOW BLOOD PRESSURE 
ALAN JAMISEN, M.D. 
H
OW often we have heard the pa-
tient say, "Doctor, the man who 
checks blood pressures down at the 
Ajax Market tells me I have low blood 
pressure. Should it be my age plus a 
hundred?" Such a question comes not 
only from misinformation but from the 
lack of basic knowledge in the subject 
of physiology. 
In the first place it is doubtful that 
such a condition exists as an actual dis-
ease called low blood pressure. Per-
sistently low blood pressure is entirely 
compatible with a normal state of 
health and well-being. Low blood 
pressure is a gift. High blood pressure 
is a disease or the result of one. 
Blood pressure is maintained by a 
number of factors—the heart, the blood 
vessel elasticity, the blood volume, and 
the resistance to the blood as it passes 
through the blood vessel network. Varia-
tion in these factors may produce tem-
porary or permanent changes in blood 
pressure. Generally speaking, there is 
a wide range of normal blood pressure. 
A pressure above 150 may be con-
sidered above normal, and a pressure 
below 100 may be thought to he below 
normal. but not necessarily abnormal. 
One hundred and ten is a good book 
normal. Up to the age of fifty years 
the formula of the age plus a hundred 
may work nicely, but beyond thi3 age 
the results are only abnormally true. 
8 
Low blood pressure may be divided 
into three groups. First, the primary, 
which already has been mentioned, is 
a normal individual who lives happily 
with a blood pressure below 100. Sec-
ond, there is the essential type, a very 
unsatisfactory term which actually 
means that the cause for the low blood 
pressure is unknown. Third, low blood 
pressure often occurs as a result of al-
teration in the factors which maintain 
it, and these may be termed secondary. 
Under this last head, conditions such 
as shock, acute fevers, chronic infec-
tions, heart muscle damage, adrenal 
gland disease, and simple change of 
posture should probably be placed, for 
they physically alter the four factors 
which support normal blood pressure. 
By far the largest group of individ-
uals who have low blood pressure be-
long to the primary or symptomless 
type. They are the normal individuals 
with a consistently low blood pressure. 
It is quite evident that this needs no 
treatment. Life expectancy not only is 
not compromised but is actually in-
creased. 
Essential low blood pressure, the 
type for which no cause can be found, 
may be associated with a vague group 
of symptoms which include headache, 
shortness of breath, rapid heart, chronic 
fatigue. dizziness. inability to concen-
trate. and digestive disturbances. How-
ever, the presence of one or all of these 
symptoms mentioned does not neces-
sarily mean low blood pressure specifi-
cally. It is possible that the removal 
of some infection will reflect improve-
ment in this group. We may read of 
such preparation„%as ephedrine, adrenal 
cortex, and strychnine as having some-
thing in their favour in the treatment 
of low blood pressure, but practically 
the results are very unsatisfactory. 
Secondary low blood pressure forms 
a portion of the picture in a variety of 
disease conditions. Obviously the 
treatment in this group centres in the 
treatment of the primary causes, such 
as treating the toxic and mechanical 
factors seen in shock, haemorrhage, or in 
acute infections, and in certain chronic 
infections. Naturally, if the general 
body resistance is low, there is likely 
to be low blood pressure. 
In general we may conclude that low 
blood pressure is only a very unstable 
symptom, and never a disease. To the 
group of individuals who present them-
selves suffering from this difficulty, we 
may recommend the following in a gen-
eral building programme to support 
normal body function, and in turn a 
normal blocd pressure: (1) Building 
diet.' high in protective foods, (2) vita-
min therapy, (3) physical therapy, hy-
drotherapy, (4) moderate exercise. 
A diet of 1.800 calories is considered 
maintenance for the average individual; 
one of L000 calories is a reducing diet; 
THE ORIENTAL WATCHMAN, MARCH. 1948 
and that of 2,200 calories is probably 
close to a normal diet commonly eaten. 
Three thousand calories constitutes a 
building diet. This latter diet should 
be made up high in content of the pro-
tective foods found in (1) green and 
yellow vegetables, some raw, some 
cooked, frozen, or canned; (2) oranges, 
tomatoes, grapefruit, raw cabbage, or 
salad greens; and (3) potatoes, other 
vegetables and fruits, raw, dried, 
cooked, frozen, or canned. High pro-
tein in the diet, in some cases up to the 
amount -of 100 grammes daily, is re-
commended—one pint to one quart of 
IT ilk daily, an egg, or cottage cheese, 
curds, or nuts and legumes at each 
meal. 
Adequate vitamin therapy cannot be 
overestimated. Even though the vita-
min content of our food may seem to 
be sufficient, the added itaruin therapy 
is well to consider. Vitamins are ex-
cellent adjuncts to any diet of the pa-
tient. 
It is a well-known fact that the 
knowledge and use of water treatments 
have long been neglected. Applica-
tions of cold water cause a primary rise 
of blood pressure with a partial fall 
when the reaction occurs. However, be-
cause of the,increased tone of the small 
blood vessels of the body, the blood 
pressure does not immediately drop to 
the abnormal levels. 
During applications of cold water, 
mechanical stimulation of the-skin by 
friction with a coarse cloth, or a fine 
needle spray, and exercise tends to 
raise the blood pressure. In contrast 
to this, when general hot applications 
of water are employed, there is usually 
a brief initial rise followed by a lower. 
ing of the blood pressure. With cold 
application there is blanching or the 
skin and constriction of the blood ves-
sels with the consequent increase of the 
blood pressure. 
Thus at home we have a very efficient 
means of increasing the body tone and 
also of elevating the blood pressure, by 
the simple use of such treatments as the 
salt rub, the cold-mitten friction, cold-
towel rub, or the stimulating spray. 
In the first two treatments mentioned, 
a coarse, open-mesh mitten for each 
hand is used. Common salt is then 
briskly applied to the wet body, caus-
ing stimulation of the skin and the un-
derlying blood vessels. 
In the second and third type of treat-
ments the mittens or a course turkish 
towel is dipped in cold water. One can 
have a better effect by having a small 
piece or two of ice floating about in the 
water. Again rub briskly the entire 
body, one member at a time. Caution 
must be taken to keep the room tem-
perature sufficiently high so that chill-
ing will not occur. 
The strong cold spray is more dif- 
fieult At krung. n”r1 �should be 
reserved for the treatment rooms in the 
physical therapy departments. The re- 
sults are equal with the other methods, 
and the cold spray to complete the 
above measures, followed by a vigorous 
dry-towel rub, is good. 
At the beginning of exercise there is 
a reaction which causes rise in blood 
pressure. This usually comes on al-
most immediately after work is started, 
and may be exaggerated by emotion. 
There is a gradual rise to a maximum 
in five to ten minutes after the begin-
ning of exertion. With moderately 
severe exercise the change in the blood 
pressure averages between 60-70. This 
rise may certainly he regarded as pur-
poseful and a necessary accompaniment 
of muscular work. It has been found. 
that the blood pressure in the athlete 
rises only to a moderate degree with ex-
treme work, but in the untrained indi-
vidual a similar elevation of blood pres-
sure is reached with only half as much 
exercise. This stresses the fact that 
exercise is a potent means of elevating 
the blood pressure, and for the indi-
vidual suffering from low blood pres-
sure exercise is very valuable. On the 
other hand, when one has high blood 
pressure, strenuous exercise or any un-
due amount of physical strain may be 
disastrous. 
This brings us back to the beginning 
of our story, that it is better to have 
your blood pressure checked and treated 
by thefa^-'~y
than 11y 
a 
1,), Wt. 
man who lets you know about it at the 
booth in Ajax Market. 
Blood Pressure Should Be Checked by a Reliable Physician. 
THE ORIENTAL WATCHMAN, MARCH 1948 
9 
BURNING YOUR CANDLE AT BOTH ENDS 
S
UPPOSE that we had a pair of 
scales which permitted us to put 
into one pan all the energy needed for 
the digestion and assimilation of a meal 
and the preparation of food remnants 
for elimination, and to put into the 
other pan all the energy which ac-
cumulates from assimilation of the ele-
ments of the meal. We should find 
that after a substantial breakfast the 
scales would for at least six hours dip 
toward the side where the energy needed 
for digestive work and the recupera-
tion and re-charging of the organs of 
digestion is placed. Only after all this 
has been accomplished would the scales 
veer gradually toward the other side, 
and it would only be from then on that 
the assimilated food elements of that 
breakfast could contribute their quota 
to our daily work. In other words, no 
"good" meal—in fact, no kind of food 
—can give us immediate energy for the 
job at hand, as so many persons mis-
takenly think. On the contrary, every 
meal ueakens the system for some time, 
until all the energy which was needed 
for its digestion has been replaced. 
Why is it then that we feel refreshed 
and strengthened right after we have 
swallowed the first morsels of an 
eagerly awaited meal? It is not be-
cause this food has, by some magic, im-
mediately changed into energy when it 
enters the stomach, but because it en-
gages the gastric juice, which otherwise 
would continue to irritate the stomach 
walls and perpetuate the pangs of hun-
ger which made us hurry to the lunch 
counter in the first place. 
Yes, digesting and assimilating a meal 
is quite a job for the body. To do it 
properly, an enormous amount of blood 
must be diverted into the digestive tract 
and its auxiliary organs. This diver-
sion may not be noticed (especially not 
by young people), but it takes place 
even after light meals, though of course 
to a much less pronounced degree than 
after heavy ones. That is why we feel 
like taking a nap after a heavy meal. 
As long as food is in the stomach it 
seems especially desirable to go easy on 
routine work. Those who don't—and 
they are the majority of workers—
surely burn their candle at both ends. 
How this is being done can best be 
made clear by a few examples. 
When we lived in Munich "in the 
good old days," we used to spend an 
evening now and then at a well-known 
A. V. BOROSINI, M.D. 
restaurant. We were always served by 
the same waitress, and we could not 
help noticing that she became steadily 
stouter and that it was increasingly dif-
ficult for her to carry the heavy trays. 
One evening she told us tearfully 
that the management had given her 
notice because of her obesity and that 
she would be without a job the first of 
the next month. I told her to come to 
my house the next morning and we 
would talk things over. 
Upon questioning her during the in-
terview, 1 learned that she never had a 
free moment from 11 A.M. until late at 
night, and therefore could never eat her 
meals in peace. She often had to in-
terrupt her eating four or five times be-
cause guests were calling, and, in order 
to get at least some food down "to keep 
her going," she had acquired the habit 
of gulping a snack here and a bite 
there whenever she could do so, always 
washing down the morsels with beer or 
coffee. 
Being of medium height, 5 feet 4 
inches, she should not have weighed 
more than 130 pounds. Instead, her 
weight had gone up to 180 pounds. 
That meant she had to carry with every 
step, besides the heavy trays and glasses, 
an additional and quite useless weight 
of fifty pounds. No wonder her heart 
had begun to trouble her. It not only 
had to furnish the energy for her 
strenuous work, plus the carrying 
around of her overweight, but was com-
pelled in addition to pump blood into 
the digestive tract to take care of the 
frequently gulped food and beer. She 
realized full well that she could not 
continue her work; in fact she felt that 
she was near a breakdown. 
I explained to her the folly of these 
numerous snacks and meals, the im-
portance of proper chewing and peace-
ful eating, and the foolishness of so 
much beer and coffee drinking, with 
all the additional heart action it im-
plied. I advised a very light breakfast. 
When I asked her what would be the 
time when she could sit down and really 
enjoy a meal, she answered, "Not be-
fore midnight!" 
"Midnight it is," I told her. "From 
now on take your principal meal after 
most of the guests are gone. Eat very 
slowly. Don't wash your food down. 
If you get hungry during the day, con-
sider it as a habit hunger and overcome 
it with as little food as possible." Of 
course, she was to eat more vegetables 
and fruit and was not to drink with her 
meals. That was in the last days of 
June. 
Two days after that interview my 
family and 1 went to the mountains. 
where we stayed until the end of Sep-
tember. We did not visit that res-
taurant again until the end of October. 
When we came to our table, we were 
disappointed to be served by a waitress 
we did not know, but who was obviously 
anxious to win our favour. Because of 
our disappointment we may not have 
paid much attention, since it seemed 
evident that cur old waitress had lost 
her job, after all. Suddenly, right in 
the middle of her serving, the "new" 
waitress burst into tears, and, looking 
at us reproachfully, said, "But don't 
you know me? I am Marie, your old 
waitress!" 
We were astonished. It seemed like 
a miracle that this shapely, springy, 
good-looking woman should be our 
Marie. Of course, we had a good 
laugh over the misunderstanding, which 
made her realize more than anything 
else could have, how much she had 
changed for the better. This, by the 
way, also seems to have been observed 
by a prosperous Munich painter, who 
married her a few months later and to 
whom she bore four children in a 
happy marriage. 
A similar case was that of an en-
trails buyer who came to me from 
Rosenheim in Bavaria. In those days 
the innkeepers in Bavaria had their pigs 
butchered in their own places, and this 
man went from inn to inn, on his bi-
cycle, to "buy" the entrails from them 
to use in making sausage casings. The 
country which he had to cover with his 
wheel is quite hilly; but he, being of 
athletic build and almost six feet in 
height, did not have much trouble in 
getting over the hills. 
I have put the word "buy" in quota-
tion marks, because that was not really 
the transaction. These entrails were 
not actually sold. It was a favour to 
the innkeeper to have the trader call 
for them. In exchange for the inn-
keeper's favour, the trader was expected 
to stop in the inn and spend money for 
food and drink. These frequent meals, 
plus numerous Steins, soon had their 
effect. The man became stout and be-
gan to be short of breath. Cycling over 
the hills, especially soon after one of 
those Bavarian meals, or snacks, be-
came more and more difficult. 
10 �
THE ORIENTAL WATCHMAN, MARCH 1948 
Then one day, shortly before he came 
to me, his heart suddenly struck as he 
was going up a hill on his wheel soon 
after' leaving one of the inns. Together 
with a terrific pain in his heart he had 
cramps in the calves of his legs, and 
had to be carried back to Rosenheim. 
He recovered sufficiently within a 
week to come to me in Munich on the 
recommendation of a friend. It was 
obvious from his story that he had had 
the fright of his life, and, rather than 
go through such an experience again, 
he would give up his trade. 
I explained to him that not only his 
overweight, as he believed, had caused 
his heart trouble, but the strenuous 
cycling, together with the digestive 
work, had been too much for his heart. 
The cramps in his legs had the same 
cause, namely, failure of the heart to 
supply them with enough blood while 
digestion was going on. 
When we considered what could be 
changed in his way of living, in case 
he should go on with his work, he ex-
plained that to get the entrails it was 
absolutely essential for him to eat and 
drink and buy cigars in the inns. I 
told him that what the innkeeper ex-
pected from him was to spend money 
in his place, but that he was not in the 
least concerned about ruining the man's 
health by so doing. "Buy ail the food 
and drinks and cigars you are expected 
to pay for, but let others eat, drink, and 
smoke, and be on your way again with 
an empty stomach. Eat your principal 
meal when you come home from your, 
daily trip and fight stomach hunger by 
neutralizing the gastric juice with your 
saliva by chewing some prunes or 
liquorice or a piece of dry bread. 
The man went home, probably much 
in doubt whether he ever would be able 
to mount his wheel again. 
Three months went by, and, having 
heard nothing more from him, I dis-
missed the case from my mind. 
Then one day, as I was returning 
home from a morning jaunt in the 
Englische Garten, I was greeted in 
front of our door by a man whom I 
did not know. It was the entrails buyer 
from Rosenheim. He looked years 
younger. He told me he had lost his 
stoutness by following my advice and 
that he felt wonderful. He had no dif-
ficulty whatever in continuing his trade. 
In fact, he said he was much more suc-
cessful, for wherever he appeared not 
only the innkeeper but also the guests 
welcomed him, because both knew that 
he would spend money on them. 
To the point also is the story of the 
Bavarian barrel swingers. These men 
THE ORIENTAL WATCHMAN, MARCH 1948 
were a typical Bavarian institution. 
They were the ones who had to handle 
the heavy beer barrels, each containing 
more than a hundred quarts of beer, in 
breweries and restaurants. Their spe-
cial task was to lift these barrels and 
place them with a swinging motion on 
a special rack, to make tapping of them 
easier. 
These men were usually more than 
six feet tall and of athletic build—per-
fect specimens of the human animal so 
to speak. They were well paid, and, 
besides their pay, were entitled to all 
the food they could eat and ten quarts 
of beer daily, provided they consumed 
it personally in the brewery or in the 
restaurant. 
Beginning their day with a heavy 
meal, which always included meat, they 
ate their principal meal at midday and 
a heavy supper in the evening. Between 
these three substantial meals, they used 
to eat three or four "snacks," which 
would have been considered meals in 
Let the Scales Help to Decide How Much 
You Should Eat. 
themselves by any ordinary person. 
With these repasts, and before and after 
them, they gulped down quantities of 
liquid, a practice about which a relative 
of mine once said, "This is not drink-
ing; it is irrigation." 
None of these men, endowed by na-
ture with such wonderful physique, 
could keep his job after about his 
thirty-fifth year. None of them lived 
much past forty-five years. They usu-
ally died from heart ailments. Why? 
The story was always the same. One 
day, at the moment when a man was 
swinging a heavy beer barrel on to a 
rack, his heart would go on a strike. 
Imagine the fright, to a seemingly per-
fectly healthy athlete, of suddenly get-
ting a terrible pain in his heart and 
feeling himself void of all strength! 
True, these men soon recovered from 
the shock, but for a fortune they would 
have refused to lift a barrel again. 
The brewers knew that this would 
happen sooner or later, and they usu• 
ally gave the man an easier job, at less 
pay, of course. But there was still 
plenty of food for him and also plenty 
of beer; and so, without their former 
strenuous activity, these men continued 
to eat and drink precisely as they had 
done before. Their entire digestive ap-
paratus was geared to these enormous 
quantities of food and drink, and the 
heart, not being overtaxed with heavy 
muscular work any more, had for the 
moment no trouble in providing the 
blood for these "athletic" digestive or-
gans. 
Soon, however, it became evident that 
these quantities of food and beer were 
entirely out of proportion to the phys-
ical activity. The men quickly became 
stout. Their powerful muscles degen-
erated into fat. So did the heart mus-
cle (they had hearts like oxen), and 
after a few more years it was unable 
to carry the burden of that extra weight 
and° do the strenuous digestive work. 
When they were brought to the hos-
pital on account of heart trouble, they 
simply would not listen when it was ex-
plained to them that they should re-
strict their diet and use of beer. They 
thought they were being starved and 
that they would die from thirst. Eating 
and drinking such enormous quanti-
ties had become a firmly fixed habit 
with them, and they died as perfect 
examples of wasted body economy. 
(Editor's Note: While Dr. Borosini's 
practice has been carried on in Europe, 
where customs differ in many respects 
from those in India, -the principles 
emphasized in the experiences he relates 
are of such general application that we 
feel sure his article will - interest and 
benefit many of our readers.) 
11 
A
S FAR back as 1858 Dr. Thomas 
Watson in lecturing before stu-
dents and physicians at king's College, 
London, remarked: "Very many dis-
eases have a mental origin. Excessive 
intellectual ton—domination of violent 
passion—frequent recurrence of strong 
mental emotion—vicious and exhausting 
indulgences—each and all will sap the 
strength and grievously impair the 
hentit, ,-,f the body; and perhaps there 
is no cause of corporal disease more 
clearly made out, cr more certainly 
effective, than protracted anxiety and 
distress of mind." 
Another classical statement, made by 
Dr. James liussell and appearing in a 
British Medical Journal for November 
3, 1860, indicates that physicians of the 
previous century had a remarkably ac-
curate concept of the influence of 
emotional factors on the general state of 
health. "Under particular circum-
stances, mental influence may become a 
direct agent in producing disease, and 
the cases attributable to this cause may 
be classed under two heads—those in 
which the morbific agent consists of an 
intense emotion suddenly excited; and 
those in which the mental emotion has 
been less powerful, but has been pro-
tracted in its operation." 
A modern illustration of the way in 
which the mind may influence the state 
of health is the case of the engineer 
who worked for a railroad which had a 
regulation that no one whose blood 
pressure exceeded 160 could operate an 
engine. Knowing cf this regulation and 
realizing that his status with the rail-
road depended. in a sense, upon his 
maintaining a reasonably low blood 
pressure. this man became so panicky 
that each time his blood pressure was 
measured, the readings were above 160. 
There was good evidence that his 
pressure was not maintained at this,high 
level. but that it was temporarily 
boosted each time the poor man came 
near a sphygmomanometre. His ner-
vous system was so organized that the 
delicate mechanism which controls the 
level of blood pressure had become 
sensitive to his anxiety. His high blood 
pressure was, therefore, of the func-
tional type. 
Functional diseases are those for 
which there is no obvious cause other 
than an unfortunate mental state. 
Organic diseases are those which are 
produced by bacteria. viruses, physical 
agents. or metabolic disturbances. 
This division of disease into the two 
categories of ' functional and organic, 
is quite arbitrary. Actually. every dis-
ease has both a functional and an 
organic component. A broken le, 
s9rclv falls into the category of organic 
disease. However, the patient with a 
12 
broken leg is not free from the mental 
effects of his accident. What is more, 
functional disease, which is supposed 
to. represent an altered function of the 
organs of the body, will so upset these 
organs as to make them susceptible to 
actual organic disease. 
The railroad engineer whcse blood 
pressure rose each time a reading was 
taken was still in that "reversible" 
phacFb of the rlicpsice which permitted 
his pressure to return to normal when-
ever his emotional tension was relieved. 
Should his emotional tension persist, 
however, lie would eventually reach the 
"irreversible" phase, in which his blocd 
pressure would never return to normal. 
Thus, there is basis for assuming that 
n.any of the so-called functional dis-
eases, if persistent, will become of 
organic nature and will result in actual 
tissue alteration. 
It is striking to observe how many 
diseases fall into the categcry of func-
tional disease. The percentage of 
cases will, of course, vary from place 
to place, but it is now recognized that 
roughly examined by a physician and 
positively assured that there was no 
evidence of cancer, this patient's symp-
toms were promptly relieved. In fact, 
following her visit to the doctor, she 
rJrnarked: "I feel much better since 
the examination." 
It is often difficult to say that a case 
of illness is purely functional. Those 
forms cf disease which embrace large 
functional components include soul( 
ailments as urticaria (hives), increased 
acidity of the stomach, spastic consti-
pation. mucous colitis. some common 
forms of urinary disturbance, certain 
sexual disturbances as frigidity and 
impotence, certain forms of irregularity 
of the heart, and even some cases of 
asthma. Of course, increased acidity 
of the stomach may eventually become 
associated with peptic ulcer (an organic 
disease) ; functional irregularities of the 
heart may eventually predispose to 
organic disease of the heart; colitis 
may finally produce chronic changes in 
the tissues of the bowel; and functional 
asthma may lead to actual changes in 
HAROLD 
the tissues of the lungs. So it appears 
that these diseases may be part func-
tional and part organic. They depend 
in large part, however, upon causative 
factors which lie within the realm of 
the personality. 
Many persons have found it difficult 
to understand how conflicts within the 
personality or how emotional excesses 
of one form or ancther can produce 
symptoms of disease. It is commonly 
recognized that one's emotional state 
may easily influence the functioning of 
his various organs. For example. faint-
ing is often the result of fright, or the 
sudden knowledge of a tragedy. 131ush-
ing is a simple example of the effect 
that one's thoughts may have on the 
tiny blood vessels within the skin. The 
pallor which results froni fright or 
intense anger also represents an effect 
of the mind upon the size of the blood 
vessels within the skin. In the case of 
blushing. blood vessels are dilated: in 
the case of pallor, blood vessels are 
constricted. Goose pimples may he 
prod.iced either by intense cold or by 
emotional states. Palpitation of the 
THE ORIENTAL WATCHMAN, MARCH 1948 
at least one third of all cases of illness 
originate as personality problems. The 
exact percentage is difficult to establish, 
fcr the reason that functional disease, 
if persistent, will bring about such 
changes within the tissues of the body 
as produce organic disease. Also, many 
organic diseases are complicated by 
functional elements so that the symp-
toms of the disease are definitely in-
creased and perhaps altered by the 
patient's own mental attitude toward 
his illness. 
A given case of functional disease 
need not progress until it becomes 
organic. The functional disease may 
be relieved and the symptoms disappear. 
Incidentally, it is characteristic of a 
functional disease that its symptoms 
appear and disappear quickly, usually 
in relation to some emotional factor ink 
the environment. 
One patient who had been worried for 
several weeks about the possibility 
of cancer of the bowel. had developed 
a series of symntoms which so altered 
the function of the bowel as to suggest 
a chronic difficulty. Upon being tho- 
CAN SICKNES 
IN THE 
heart results from emotional stimula-
tion and normally occurs when an indi-
vidual is so anxious over the outcome 
of an enterprise that he can "hear his 
heart beating." Trembling occurs. even 
in a perfectly normal individual, when 
he becomes excessively self-conscious. 
Vomiting may be due to an ordinary 
episode of indigestion, but it is often 
aggravated by emotional factors. Chil-
dren who have been through some excit-
ing ordeal are more subject to indiges-
tion and vomiting than those who have 
followed a quiet tenor of life. Intense 
fright or anxiety can even result in in-
continence of either the bladder or the 
bowels. 
Even though a person tries to retain 
his composure and understands that the 
effects of emotional stimulation are 
really accomplishing no good. he still 
finds it impossible to prevent these 
manifestations. "State board diarrhoea" 
affects the young doctor writing his 
state board examination as readily as 
diarrhoea affects the soldier who is 
taking part in an invasion. Headaches 
SHRYOCK, M.D. 
often follow a shopping trip, or an 
altercation, or some other experience 
during which emotional tension is high. 
All of these effects are within normal 
limits, but they illustrate the sensitive-
ness of the various organs cf the body 
to changes in the mental state. 
The function of every organ of the 
body is controlled by the nervous sys-
tem. When for any reason the nervous 
system is temporarily thrown out of 
balance by any emotionally tinged ex-
perience, the function cf the organs will 
he altered. And these alterations of 
function, if persistent, permit the devel-
opment of disease. 
The organs of the body are con-
trolled by a different portion of the 
nervous system than that which con-
trols the muscles of the arms and legs. 
The organs are controlled by the so-
called autonomic nervous system which 
functions unconsciously without direc-
tion from the conscious centres of the 
hrain. So, normally. the individual 
gives no attention to the rate of his 
heartbeat. Even so the heart auto- 
THF ORIENTAL 'WATCHMAN. MAar.m 194 
matically beats faster in response to the 
added demands of exercise. 
That centre of the brain which is 
re3ponsible for controlling the autonom-
ic system is spoken of as the hypo-
thalamus. It is located nearly at the 
centre of the head and serves as a sort 
cf thermostat centre to control the 
various automatic functions of the body. 
When the body becomes cold, the 
hypothalamus stimulates those processes 
of oxidation which provide for the in-
crease of body heat. When the indi-
vidual is in warm surroundings or when 
he has been exercising to the extent that 
his body heat has accumulated, the 
hypothalamus is responsible for the 
stimulation of the sweat glands so that 
perspiration is poured out on the sur-
face of the body to provide for its cool-
ing. 
The hypothalamus also controls the 
water balance of the body so as to 
maintain an optimum dilution of all 
body fluids. The hypothalamus main-
tains a dominant control over the sexual 
cycle (mcre obvious in women than in 
men). In fact the hypothalamus exerts 
an influence over all the organs, glands, 
and blood vessels of the body; but it 
maintains this control by way of a dual 
nerve supply—cue set of nerves to each 
organ stimulating it to greater, activity, 
the other set reducing its activity. In 
health a delicate balance is maintained 
between those nerves which stimulate an 
organ and !hose which cause its func; 
 
tion to be reduced. 
 
However, it happens that the hypo-
thalamus is also concerned with the pro-
duction of emotional states. Its nervous 
connections are such as to cause it to be 
readily influenced by anger, anxiety, 
fear. pleasure. and any other of those 
states of mind to which the human 
org,anism is susceptible. As the result 
of emotional stimulation, the delicate 
balance between the two sets of nerves 
which control each organ is altered so 
that the function of the organ is either 
increased or decreased for the duration 
of the emotional state. When the emo-
tional state persists for long Periods. as 
in chronic anxiety or conflicts within 
the personality, the abnormal function 
of the organs also persists. Herein lies 
the basis for all forms of functional 
disease. Even the fatigue from con-
tinuous overwork can so deplete the 
nervous reserves as to initiate some 
form of functional disease. 
Some have found it difficult to under-
stand how it is that functional disease 
so closely imitates organic disease. As 
a matter of fact, the human body has 
a limited number of responses to insult. 
When the balance of the nerve supply 
to a given organ is altered, the altera-
tion will produce symptoms which fol-
low a given pattern. The symptoms 
will be about the same regardless of 
whether the insult is emotional. chemi-
cal. or bacterial. So, the symptoms of 
functional disease may be identical with 
those of organic disease. 
Of course, there are individual varia-
tions in the degree of susceptibility to 
emotional tensions. There are some 
personalities which are so stable that 
the organs are scarcely affected by 
minor anxieties, grief, or the wear and 
tear of a strenuous programme. On 
the other hand. there are those less 
stable personalities in which even minor 
variations of mood are quickly responsi-
ble for changes in the functions of the 
viscera. The people with these less 
stable personalities are the ones who 
remark: "I won't make my plans for 
tomorrow until I see how I feel." Such 
a person's state of health is so depend-
ent upon the whims of his emotional 
life that he may be greatly handicapped 
in his adjustment to everyday life. 
A few years ago Drs. Wotf and 
Wolff. as reported in the Journal oI the 
American Medical Association, Volume 
120. page 670. made a very interesting 
observation on a patient who had sus-
tained such an in itiry to his abdominal 
wall as nermitted the doctors to see the 
lining of his stomach. They intention-
ally provoked in the patient certain 
emotional states of anxiety and hostility, 
meanwhile watching the mucosa of his 
stomach to determine what effect these 
emotional states would have. They 
observed that, in response to intense emo-
tion. the lining of the stomach became 
so congested that small areas of haemor-
rhage developed just beneath the actual 
surface. What was more. the vitality 
of these hannorrhagir areas was so re- 
on;ekly ulcerated when 
exposed to the acid secretion of the 
stomach. 
This gives considerable insight into 
the reason why it is commonly said that 
the patient with peptic ulcer has a 
personality type all his own. Ulcer 
patients are typically aggressive, ambi- 
tious. and resentful of anyone win, at-
tempts to dominate them. In other 
words. they are the persons who live 
a high-tension type of existence to the 
13 
ORIGINATE 
MIND? 
extent that that portion of their nervous 
system which controls the functions of 
their organs is thrown out of balance. 
And because the stomach is so suscepti-
ble to minor changes in its nerve supply, 
it is often the first organ which will 
show signs of the damaging effect of 
emotional tension. 
Another evidence that peptic ulcers 
depend upon unfortunate emotional 
states is that. such all ulcer readily re-
sponds to a change in the patient's way 
of life. Rapid improvement usually 
follows freedom from mental and 
physical exertion; but once the patient 
returns to his strenuous mode of living, 
the ulcer is prone to recur. 
The idea that attitudes of the mind 
and emotional states have their influence 
on the general health is not a new idea, 
nor has the recognition of this relation-
ship been limited to members of the 
medical profession. Our everyday lan-
guage contains many expressions which 
suggest this relationship. "A pain in 
the neck" may be only a slang expres-
sion, but it is an acknowledgment that 
a physical symptom may result from a 
mental attitude of intolerance. When 
a person contends, "I cannot swallow 
that," he is using an expression that had 
its origin in the observation that a 
mental attitude of repulsion may give 
rise to such tensions within the body 
as to interfere with its usual functions. 
"Hard to stomach" is another expression 
that had its origin in a recognition of 
psychosomatic relationships. 
One patient, when asked who it was 
that griped her, was shocked into the 
admission that her symptoms of colitis 
were definitely aggravated, if not en-
tirely caused, by her contacts with one 
of her husband's relatives to whose 
support she had to contribute. 
A person may be so constituted that 
his stomach is the first organ to produce 
symptoms in response to some unfor- 
tunate mental state. Another person 
may suffer from heart disease under 
similar circumstances. Still another 
may react to a similar situation by 
developing symptoms referable to his 
respiratory organs. But the principle 
is the same. Under the stimulation 
of abnormal and unhealthy thought 
processes, that organ of the body which 
(in the individual case) is most sen-
sitive to nervous imbalance will become 
the focus of disease symptoms. 
Even though functional disease may 
be produced by simple circumstances, 
it is amenable, when properly evaluated, 
to simple methods of treatment. Herein 
lies the most encouraging feature in the 
whole field of psychosomatic medicine. 
Even Shakespeare possessed insight into 
the happy possibility of the simple 
treatment of functional disease: "A 
body, yet distempered which to his 
former strength may be restored with 
good advice and little medicine." 
IT'S IN THE BLOOD 
D
URING the polio season, a fifteen-
year-old was rushed to the hospital 
for what seemed to be a typical case of 
infantile paralysis. The girl had fever, 
severe muscle pains, tender limbs—out-
ward manifestations suggesting the 
dreaded crippling disease. But a rou-
tine blood count, taken immediately 
after her arrival at the hospital, changed 
the picture of the case completely and 
erased the lines of anxiety from the 
faces of her parents. Inquiry disclosed 
that she had eaten frankfurters previous 
to her attack. What she had was 
trichinosis (a disease caused by eating 
infected pork). 
A blood study is a very important 
clinical aid in an emergency, but it is 
much more than that. It has a great 
value in helping your doctor to deter-
mine your everyday health. Physicians 
are coming to consider a blood analysis 
a necessary part of the periodic exami-
nations of every child, especially at 
certain stages of his development. As a 
pediatrician aptly puts it, the blood 
is a vital organ, and it should be ex-
amined regularly, just as are the heart, 
the lungs and other organs. 
Blood, you know, is really a tissue, 
about 45 per cent solid, 55 per cent 
fluid. The solids are the red and white 
cells and the platelets; the fluid part is 
the plasma. This remarkable tissue, 
circulating along its passageways, as-
sists in performing every function of 
the body—respiratory, nutritive, ex-
cretory, protective. Along the intricate 
canals of the plasma. thr. precious 
14 
LILLIAN F. STEMPEL 
cargoes of food materials, reduced to 
their simplest forms, reach their desti-
nations. In the plasma, too, move the 
hormones, mysteriously regulating the 
precious movements of the organs. 
An average-sized man has from five 
to six quarts of blood in his body, with 
about 5,000,000 red cells to the cubic 
millimetre. The number of red cells in 
a healthy individual varies with the time 
of day, the state of physical activity, 
the atmospheric conditions. Your red 
cell count is lowest in the early morning 
hours, and grows larger throughout the 
day. It increases while you are doing 
your daily dozen or when you are up 
in an aeroplane. 
The average life of a red cell is about 
thirty days. It originates in the rcd 
marrow of the bone and, after consider-
able wear and tear throughout the body 
breaks up in the blood stream. A mil-
lion red cells are being destroyed every 
second and a million must be manufac-
tured every second to take their places. 
A diet sufficient in iron has adequate 
building material for keeping up this 
continuous production of red cells in 
the body. 
The hmmoglobin which gives the 
blood its colouring is an iron compound 
with a remarkable capacity for carry-
ing oxygen. The quantity of oxygen 
carried to the tissues is dependent on 
the amount of haemoglobin in the blood. 
In normal adults the hemoglobin con-
tent should be from 80 per cent to 100 
per cent, and in children from 90 per 
rent to 100 per cent of the usual values 
required for these age periods. Anemia 
results when the hemoglobin content is 
below these norms. Anemia may occur 
at either end of the production line, be-
ing caused, on the one hand, by in-
creased destruction of red cells, or on 
the other, by a slowing up in the pro-
cess of their manufacture. Anwmi...s 
caused by destruction of red cells are 
those in which there may be a suddcn 
loss of blood following an accident, or 
in which certain poisons, like lead or 
arsenic, have gone into the blood 
stream. 
Nutritional anemia, caused at the 
production end by inadequate iron in 
the diet, frequently goes unsuspect_d 
in children. Physicians look for ane-
mia during the periods of rapid growth. 
It may show itself in various ways. It 
may be present in the child who is list-
less, who doesn't feel like playing with 
the other children. It may be responsi-
ble for poor work in school. In a 
fourth grade class, a boy's reading corn-
prehension suddenly dropped below 
the standard for that group. A physical 
check-up showed that he was anemic. 
He was given iron tablets, and by the 
end of the term he had become more 
alert and his reading ability was 
rapidly approaching the levels set for 
his age and class. 
A fourteen-year-old girl who couldn't 
catch her breath while she was swim-
ming or riding her bicycle, accepted the 
situation as one of the necessary incon-
veniences of her rapid growth during 
adolescence. Her mother was certain 
THE ORIENTAL WATCHH4N. MARCH 194R 
Vegetables Are Important Sources of Iron and Other Minerals in the Diet. 
she had a heart condition, until a blood 
test showed she had anemia. Her low 
haemoglobin content was insufficient to 
supply her lungs with enough oxygen 
while she was engaged in these physical 
activities, so that she had to gasp for 
breath. 
Anaemia often goes unnoticed, too, 
among children who live in sunny cli-
mates, whose skins are tanned all the 
year round, so that they always look 
healthy. A thirteen-year-old girl from 
Texas came to New York recently, look-
ing robust and tanned to a golden glow. 
On her complaints that she became tired 
easily, her mother took her to a doctor 
for a physical check-up. A blood test 
revealed that she was profoundly ane-
mic, so much so that she had to be 
given blood transfusions immediately. 
It was a condition, the physician 
thought, that must have had its begin-
ning at least a year before. 
The first step in the prevention of 
anemia is the examination of the 
mother's blood before the end of preg-
nancy. Iron is stored during the last 
three months of pregnancy, and there 
is usually a supply to carry the baby 
along for about sixty days. At birth 
the infant has a higher hemoglobin 
count than an adult, but this drops to a 
low level by the third month. So, when 
your child is three months old, it is 
time for his first complete blood count, 
with emphasis on the hemoglobin. This 
is particularly important in the case of 
twins or other multiple births, where 
there is certain to be a low haemoglobin 
content because the mother's iron 
supply has had to be shared by more 
than one offspring. 
A mother may unknowingly produce 
anemia in her baby by giving him an 
exclusive milk diet. This often happens 
when the child refuses solid food and 
the mother is satisfied as long as he has 
his quart of milk a day. It is true 
that milk is a complete food, but it is 
deficient in iron. Your child's iron 
requirements for the day are five milli-
grammes; a quart of milk contains only 
one-half a milligramme. Let your baby 
acquire a taste for iron-rich foods early 
in life. Egg-yolk and liver are excel- 
lent for their iron content. Apricots, 
beans, oatmeal, prunes, spinach, beets, 
dates and figs are good sources. 
The white corpuscles of the blood 
constitute the body's defence army. 
Nature's remarkable protective system 
is such that the white corpuscles in-
crease to meet any incoming foe. The 
normal white count is from 6,000 to 
8,000 per cubic millimetre. 
A child may have an increased white 
count in unsuspected anemia. rheumatic 
fever, and appendicitis. Your doctor 
determines the type of infection by the 
THE ORIENTAL WATCHMAN. MARCH 1948 
rate of increase in the white cells and 
by the type of white cell which predom-
inates in the arrangement. 
A child who bruises easily may have 
purpura, a disease caused by defective 
platelets or an inadequate number of 
them. The platelets are the small 
bodies in the blood which play an im-
portant part in the clotting process. 
Purpura may indicate an infection in 
the body or it may be caused by a drug. 
It sometimes occurs after any of the 
sulfonamides have been taken. Second-
ary purpura is cured when the cause has 
been eliminated. 
How are blood studies made? The 
simplest is the matching test for hemo-
globin. The doctor just pricks your 
child's fingertip, takes off a drop of 
blood and matches it with stand4rd 
colours indicating various percentages 
of haemoglobin content. One busy 
pediatrician lets his anxious mothers do 
the matching for their own children 
while they are awaiting their turn in his 
office. 
Haemoglobin tests are made also with 
samples of blood in a tube. The newest 
method for determining haemoglobin 
content is by means of electrical tests. 
A complete blood count means a calcu-
lation of the number of red cells, the 
number of white cells and a differential 
smear, which is a picture of the different 
�
 and proportions of white rells. 
Most mothers are familiar with the pro-
cedure of the nurse sucking up blood 
from the child's finger into a little 
tube. Along toward the middle of the 
tube is a tiny bulb which is a mining 
chamber containing a fluid that destroys 
the white cells. The blood is diluted 
with the fluid in the chamber, and then 
a drop is put on the surface of a glass 
slide and a cover laid on. The slide is 
marked off into minute squares so that 
blood cells in a number of squares may 
be counted under the microscope. White 
cells are calculated in the same way, 
but the blood is diluted in the chamt,er 
with a fluid that destroys the red cells 
and leaves only the white to be counted 
on the squares. 
The differential smear is used to 
determine which type of white cells is 
responsible for an increase in the 
general white count, in order to 
tell what specific infection may be pres-
ent. A stained blood film is examined 
under the microscope, and the types of 
white cells are counted in a manner 
similar to the one used with the liquid 
drop on the marked slide. It is '.the 
proportions of each type of cell, as well 
as the total numbers, that tell the story; 
for in some infections, the proportions 
of the different types may be altered, 
even though no change may take place 
in the total white cell count. 
The blood sedimentation rate is a 
good index of activity of infection, 
particularly in rheumatic disease. This 
test is valuable, too, for children about 
to undergo tonsillectomies. Tonsils are 
removed usually during the spring 
months when a child's resistance may 
be lowered by an infection continuing 
over the winter months, but not suf-
ficiently active to change the white 
blood count. Any such infection would 
be shown by the sedimentation r*te. 
Whole blood is drawn and placed in a 
tube. The rate of the descent of- the 
blood cells to the bottom of the tube 
indicates the state of infection present. 
Curves of the test are taken. When a 
child has rheumatic fever, the sedimen-
tation curve is made frequently to deter- 
mine when the infection has subsided 
so the patient can get out of bed. 
Your doctor may feel that it is wise 
to have a complete blood count taken 
when your child is three months 31d, 
when he is six years old and then in 'he 
early teens. These are the years of 
rapid growth when the shadow of rheu-
matic fever may hover. The hmmoglo-
bin test is usually taken at each perio-
dic examination. In addition, there 
may be special times when a complete 
blood count is needed. It is particu-
larly important after a prolonged ill- 
15 
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roll in bread crumbs or white 
• 
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How to make appetising and nourishing dishes, 
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THE 
rIALDA ADVISORY SERVICE 
P.O. BOX NO. 353, BOMBAY I 
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TM. ChTIONTAL WAREKAA A AZ. �1946 
ness, especially if sulfa was given. If, 
however, penicillin is used, repeated 
blood studies are unnecessary since this 
drug has no effect on the blood. How-
ever, the necessity of administering it 
by injection represents a serious handi-
cap in the case of children who dread 
injections. 
Sulfa should never be given without 
permission of your doctor. A prelimi-
liary blood test before its use indicatcs 
the condition present and may help the 
doctor to determine how much of the 
drug to give. An examination of the 
blood afterward will show how it may 
have changed due to the drug. 
Too much sulfa can cause both red 
and white cells to deteriorate. Sulfa 
can destroy red cells and inhibit their 
production; and it can depress the white 
cells, eliminating the granular type al-
most entirely. 
A pediatrician who had two similar 
cases at the same time, was able to de-
termine by a blood count ill each case 
whether sulfa was needed. Both chil-
dren were in the same age group. from 
three to four years; both had sore 
throats, both were running tempera-
tures. When the blood count was 
taken, in one case, it showed a 30.000 
white cell calculation. The physician 
prescribed sulfa immediately, and the 
child rap:dly responded. 
The mother of the other child was 
anxious to have the doctor give sulfa, 
though the little girl's throat was only 
slightly red. The physician had the 
blood test taken first, and since the 
count was normal, felt there was no 
need for sulfa. The child recovered in 
a short time without it. 
Al though periodic examinations should 
generally include blood tests, your doc-
tor may not feel it is necessary each 
time he sees your youngster for a check-
up. He should be the judge. 
During a check-up for summer 
camp, a physician decided to omit a 
haemoglobin test when she saw her 
seven-year-old patient ready to make a 
scene. "I'm not going to have my 
nurse prick your finger today," she 
said to the surprised child, "because I 
don't think you need to have it done 
now. But I want you to promise me 
that when I think it's necessary, you'll 
hold out your finger very bravely." The 
little girl smiled with relief."Yes, I 
will," she said, and kept her promise. 
If you are one of those mothers who 
can't stand the sight of blood, try not 
to convey the feeling to your children. 
Drawing blood for a test is a simple 
procedure. but it can become a struggle 
between
. �
the nurse and the patient in 
cases where the child's resistance has 
been built up. 
16 
The mother who has learned to face 
situations calmly will not he alarmed 
and will not convey anxiety to her 
child, when the doctor feels that a 
blood count is necessary. She will 
know that her physician wants to check 
his diagnosis by a marvellous method 
science has given us, of reading health 
history in a drop of blood. And if the 
health picture revealed is not a favour- 
able one, its very discovery will be the 
first step toward a turnabout to good 
health again. * • * 
"Learning is wasted if the heart does 
not guide it." * • * 
Jill: "How does your wife manage 
to keep slim?" 
Jim: "She does her own cooking." 
THINGS JACK FROST CAN DO 
ERNESTINE HONATII 
(Frost is not seen on the plains in 
India; but in the northern hills of India 
and in northern countries there is al-
ways frost in wintertime. This story 
tells of some things thut frost does.) 
K
AREN fairly flew out of the barn 
one very cold day. "Daddy! 
Daddy!" she called. Daddy ran out of 
an adjoining building, where he had 
been gathering hidden hen's eggs for 
Mother. "Karen, dear," he exclaimed, 
"you look frightened. What happened, 
child?" Karen straightened her hat 
which had slipped to one side. �
"I 
heard queer noises in the barn, Daddy. 
There were the strangest creaks and 
snaps and other sounds." Daddy took 
her mittened hand in his. "It is foolish 
to be afraid of little noises," he said.' 
"Do you remember how the dark used 
to frighten you?" Karen, nodded. re-
membering. A less frightened look 
came over her rosy face, "When you 
realized ,that God watches over us in 
darkness or in light, you were no 
longer afraid," Daddy continued. "You 
will not fear these noises. either, when. 
 
you understand what made them." 
He led Karen right bark into the 
barn. "Creak—cre-e-ak!" came a 
noise, close at hand. Karen's eyes were 
wide and she pressed close to Daddy. 
What could be causing those creaks in-
side the dark barn? "The noises you 
hear," smiled Daddy, "are made by an 
old friend of yours—Jack Frost!" 
"Tack Frost!" repeated Karen. "That's 
right. dear. You see. Jack Frost is mak-
ing the wood of this barn very. very 
cold. When wood gets very cold it 
%op Cisatorost. 404114dffiMANv MAWON Tom 
draws together a bit or shrinks. As it 
does so it creaks. The cold beams in 
this barn are shrinking—and creaking 
—this very minute." "Oh. Daddy!" 
laughed Karen, "how strange!" Daddy, 
however, was going on: "These creaks 
make us realize how much work Jack 
Frost does. He makes the branches 
creak. too, as they shrink. And lie pulls 
so hard that unwanted, dead branches 
are snapped right off. In that way lie 
rids the trees of limbs they cannot use 
and makes it easier for the Other 
branches to grow." 
"Really?" put in Karen, surprised. 
"He makes rocks shrink, too," Daddy 
c,;,atinued. "As they do so. parts of 
then, crumble. Those round pebbles 
You like to play with were once part 
of great rocks. Jack Frost crumbled 
them from the rocks, and the brook 
washed them round and smooth. When 
J:-.ck Frost crumbles rocks very, very 
fine they become sand." 
Karen had not known that and her 
blue eyes were bright with interest. 
"Cold crumbles and cracks the earth 
fine in your garden. too. It has great 
strength. Jack Frost can even break 
the big iron rails in ear barn. end he 
often does. Perhaps that was all the 
stmnge. snanning noise von heard." 
Karen's rosy cheeks dimpled into a 
smile. "T-low foolish it was to he 
afraid! Those noises were made by the 
cold shrinking the hoards in the barn. 
And they should only have made me 
think. 'Tack Frost is working hard to-
4^". I-le is doing many useful tl,ings.' 
I shall remember that the re-t time I 
hear creaking noises in the dark." 
THE LITTLE GIRL WHO 
BECAME GREAT 
MARa RET LOCKE 
6 
 6 C
L AR A ! Clara!" David's voice 
was feeble for he was very 
sick. He loved his mother and his 
father, who were very dear to him. but 
in this sickness he did not want anyone 
around but Clara. When she would 
leave the room, he would moan and sob 
and call for her. The doctors gave him 
cl:fferent medicines, but none seemed to 
do any good. 
Finally they all left; saying they 
could do nothing for him. Everyone 
else said David could not live, every-
one but Clara. She staved by his side 
and cooled his fevered brow and gave 
him nourishing drinks. She prayed 
that God would spare him. She did not 
give him up. 
Clara stayed out of school to care for 
David. The fever raged a long time, 
but finally it broke and left him very 
weak. Still he did not imi rove as he 
should. �
Finally. after a year had 
passed. David's father heard of a doc-
tor who treated in a different way. The 
doctor came and took David to his sani-
tarium and treated him, and the lad be-
gan to improve rapidly. How thankful 
the family felt. and how, Clara reioiced 
that she had held on and done all she 
could for David when the others thought 
it was too late. 
Whatever Clara undertook she did 
well. She was a good student as a lit-
tle girl. and then. when she became 
cider. she taught. She was young when 
she started to teach. much younger than 
most teachers. fun she did splendidly. 
She had a school that no one else had 
been able to manage. for there '.ere 
four big boys who were determined to 
run things and drive out any teacher. 
man or woman, who came to teach 
them. 
Clara had a different way of treat- 
ing them than the others had. �
She 
played games with them and asked them 
very kindly if they would do her fa-
vours. She was so patient with them 
that she won them over and they be-
came quiet and obedient pupils. 
Clara learned that boys and girls in 
New Jersey. U. S. A., had no schools 
in which to learn to read and write and 
spell 
and do arithmetic. That. of 
course, was many years ago. There 
were a few schools hut they were only 
for people who had plenty of money to 
pay their way. Clara felt that there 
should be free schools for the boys and 
girls among the poor, as well as for the 
children of the rich. People said she 
would never succeed. but she did. Her 
schools were such a success that many 
of the rich took their children out of 
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the schools they had been attending and 
put them in Clara's schools. 
War came—horrible war. Clara was 
a little older now, and though she was 
still small and dainty, she had lots of 
determination. She could not bear to 
see men suffer and die on the battle-
field without proper care. It was the 
time of the Civil War in the United 
States of America. She pleaded for a 
chance to do something, but her pleas 
were refused because she was a woman. 
But she persisted, and finally she was 
given a chance to go and help the 
wounded. Many times her life was in 
danger. Once when she was giving a 
drink to a wounded man the cup was 
struck from her hand by a bullet. An-
other time a bullet tore her sleeve. She 
kept on bandaging the wounded, giving 
cool water to the thirsty, and comfort. 
ing the dying. 
She became the founder of the 
American Red Cross, which does so 
much to help suffering people when 
there is a great need. There never is a 
tidal wave, an earthquake, a flood, a 
war, or any terrible calamity but that 
the Red Cross nurses are there to do 
what they can for people. 
Clara Barton made up her mind 
when she was a little girl that she 
would do something that would help 
poor, suffering people. She aimed high, 
and her name is honoured as that of a 
great and much-loved woman. 
BILLY'S BIG LESSON 
ELLEN M. STEWART 
6B
E SURE to wait for little sister, 
Billy. I don't like to have her 
go to school alone," said Billy's mother 
as he was leaving the breakfast table. 
But Billy was a disobedient little 
boy, and a few minutes later he was 
stealing out through the side door to 
join a group of boys on their way to 
school early, that they might have time 
for a ball game before school started. 
Billy's conscience bothered him sev-
eral times, for he was not really a 
mean boy. He merely disliked having 
to do anything which interfered with 
his pleasures, and little sister was al-
ways causing him to do these things. 
Mother always wanted him to wait for 
her in the mornings, which he usually 
did in spite of the inclination to run 
off and play. But this particular morn-
ing the temptation to slip out through 
the side door and leave her to come 
alone had been too great, and eight 
o'clock found Billy on the playground, 
all flushed from running, waiting for 
his time to strike again. 
Suddenly there were shouts in the 
distance and a jumble of noises made 
up of hoof heats and the rush of wheels. 
18 
and Billy heard someone say: "A run-
away." 
Bats and ball were flung down, and 
there was a stampede of boys to the 
fence. They arrived just in time to 
see a pair of powerful horses, hitched 
to a heavy dray, galloping at break-
neck speed. A group of men came run-
ning behind them, and as they passed, 
Billy's heart almost ceased to beat. 
One of the men was talking, and 
what Billy heard was this: "They could 
not tell how badly she was hurt; some- 
body had better stop and telephone 
Thompson." 
Billy gave a little cry and without 
a word was over the fence and running 
wildly. Somebody was hurt, and some-
one was going to telephone Thompson 
about it; and Thompson was Billy's 
father's name. It must be little sister! 
Half way home Billy passed their old 
cow. Flossy, limping painfully along; 
but he never paused. His breath was 
coming in gasps. He ran on and on, 
sinking down on the home steps at last 
with a sobbing cry, afraid to go in. 
THE ORIENTAL WATCHMAN, MARCH 1948 
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Mrs. Thompson came hurrying to the 
door. "Why, what in the world is the 
matter, Billy?" she cried. "Little sis-
ter!" gasped Billy, "Is she hurt?" 
"Why, no," returned Billy's mother. 
"She's waiting for you to go to school 
with her." And then Billy followed 
his mother into the house and with 
tears of relief and joy told her every-
thing. 
"Poor Billy!" said his mother. "And 
you thought the horses had run over 
little sister?" Billy nodded dumbly. 
"It was Flossy. They just telephoned 
your father." "Oh, me!" said Billy. 
"Even Flossy isn't hurt much. I passed 
her as I ran home, coming this way. 
But I've learned a lesson Mother." And 
he was about to hug his mother joy-
fully, but just then little sister, all rosy 
and sweet, came tripping into the room, 
ready for school, and Billy rushed for 
her little satchel. �
"I'll carry your 
books after this, little sis," he said 
solemnly, for he had learnt his lesson 
well. 
Novel Way of Aiding Europe's 
Hungry 
'
EAR Sir: I read every word 
about the 'Friendship Train.' 
It proves without question the Amer-
ican people's desire to give tangible aid 
to Europe. For those who cannot hook 
a car load to the train, there is still the 
individual food parcel." 
While thousands read such "letters to 
the editor" in their newspapers as this 
one in the Washington Post, the last of 
four freight trains with 250 cars rum-
ble to a stop on the piers across the 
Hudson River from New York City. In 
the skyscraper gorge of Broadway. New 
Yorkers watched the forty cars of food 
they had donated move to the city's 
THE ORIENTAL WATCHMAN. MARCH 1948 
waterfront. On the Hudson River, cars 
painted "Vive la France" and "Viva 
l'Italia" floated on barges past the 
Statue of Liberty to boats bound for 
Europe. Whistles blew, fire-boats 
spouted; the port city gave its best to 
a friend and hero. 
The hero was food. The friend was 
the spirit of voluntary action that had 
brought produce from every region, 
every nook and cranny of the country. 
The idea that had moved the "Friend-
ship Train" 3,100 miles across the con-
tinent, had struck as profoundly an 
American chord as did the "letters to 
the editor"; it was the idea of giving 
voluntarily without Government edict, 
without prodding or pressure; giving 
for the sake of need. 
How Food Was Collected 
The train, starting in Los Angeles, 
November 8, was scheduled to collect 
eighty cars in all during its ten-day 
trek. But the story turned out differ-
ently. Far-off Hawaii contributed a car-
load of sugar. Los Angeles teamsters' 
union members collected food free of 
DUNLO 
kinotrui tad WI 
Fresno children timidly handed over 
boxes of crackers and tins of baby food 
they had collected. In Oakland and 
Sacramento, thousands standing in line 
to donate money fc,r the "silver car." 
cheered as yardhands hitched car after 
car to the train. Twenty-three cars con-
taining dried milk, beans, peas, fruit, 
charge. Telephone companies installed 
special "Friendship-Food" switchboards. 
Itailtoads ran the train without cost. 
In California's fertile Central Valley, 
the scene shifted from city to farm. 
At dawn in Bakersfield, a thousand 
watched a French war bride dedicate the 
community's gift—a car of wheat. 
•04.0 so,* 
aci 
flour and sugar, rolled across the High 
Sierra. 
For ten days. stop by stop. county by 
county, state by state. the train. length. 
ened. In Rock Springs. Wyoming. not 
a scheduled stop. the people had cars 
loaded and made the train stop. Kem-
merer, Wyoming, sent trucks a hundred 
miles to the train. 
Time and again the story repeated it- 
self. Each cointouoit-y- l; �
 worked op 
its own programme. Religious, civic, 
labour, business and veterans' organi-
zations. schools, and clubs, all gave, 
collected, served, and worked. "We 
keep running into freight cars we 
didn't expect," exclaimed the harassed 
train leader. Two sections. fifty-seven 
cars strong, crossed the Mississippi, 
barely half way across the continent. 
In Chicago. Illinois, spontaneously 
formed trains had come in from the 
Northwest and the South. Three sec-
tions had to be dispatched on different 
routes to New York. each gathering_ car 
after car on its eastward travel. Rail-
road men, on the phone day and night, 
added ten cars from Buffalo. eight from 
Cleveland, a car here and a car there, 
splitting a train in Pittsburgh and ar-
rroging schedules for crews working 
‘vi_hout pay. �
Hardly had the four 
trains reached New York when another 
1`).0 wheat cnrc started rolling from 
Texas and Oklahoma while others were 
forming. Focd from off-train regions 
kept moving through the mail. 
Significance of Friendship Train 
Nobody asked how much. Compared 
to the $21.500,000,000 spent for foreign 
aid since the end of the war, and the 
amounts to be spent from tax money 
till mid-1948, the "Friendship Train" 
counted little in material contribution; 
but its value in other ways was un- 
measurable. To the average American 
it was a chance to show his readiness to 
join in a neighbourly deed, and his in-
terest in foreign policy. 
International as the train was in 
meaning and in fact. the Government 
had no hand in it. The "Friendship 
Train" was the people's own in origin 
and action. 
Columnist Drew Pearson. whose na-
tion-wide article had spark-plugged the 
train. rode it all the way. He thought 
the American people had found n way 
of doing something about foreign 
nolicy. He thought what lie had seen 
from the caboose was the "American 
way of making democracy live." 
Wrote a Wyoming school boy: "We 
are sending this food to Europe—less 
fortunate than we—because God put 113 
on this earth to be neighlintirs and live 
in peace. We can do this best by help-
ing o"r neighbours as best, we can." 
—US/S. 
p tlivervvAt. WAOrniArA4v. Mi.i �
140a 
THE DOCTOR 
R. K. NAR kYAN 
M
ANY a boy at eight years of age 
dreams cf becoming a locomotive 
driver, and at eighteen of becoming a 
doctor. The first ambition fizzles out 
very sewn fur obvious reasons, but the 
latter, the desire to be a doctor, per-
sists till the rigours of admission to the 
company of the elect drives him away 
to the hospitable, if laborious, history 
and econcmics group. And then he 
spends the rest of his life looking back 
with a sigh upon this abandoned 
ambition. 
Doctors ever remain a favourite sub-
ject with me. I can sense one a hun-
dred yards off. How? Not through 
observing the irrepressible stethcscope, 
sticking out of the pocket—that any-
body with a pair of eyes can do. It 
is not even by sniffing the air for the 
aroma of disinfectant that surrounds a 
doctor like an aura. It" is by sensing 
something far deeper. The impress of 
a prcfession on a personality is some-
thing subtle and can hardly he de-
scribed in so many words. It may be 
compared to the convoluted grain one 
sees on a seasoned teak plank. Such a 
pattern on a piece of wood is verily 
its autobiography: if only we could 
learn to decipher these patterns, we 
should read in them the story of the 
birth of the plank as a plant, its growth, 
its forest companions, and of the va-
ried saps that it drew up from the 
bosom of the earth, and all the buf-
fetinr, it has had from the capricious 
wind and weather, as it struggled up-
ward. 
1 find that this simile is grow-
ing out of proportion. I fear that I 
may spend the rest of this evening talk-
ing of trees! I had set out to speak of 
doctors, and this simile came to my 
mind. No other profession (except a 
musician's or an artist's) soaks so com-
pletely into one's blood as the medical. 
For example, a lawyer can afford to 
fcrget his Clients and their bundles of 
paper when the court closes for the 
day. . So also the engineer. He might 
be engaged in building the most com-
plicated bridge. but he can set aside 
his scales and figures and play a game 
cf cards without thinking of the matter 
for a while. 
But not so the doctor. He is all the 
twenty-four hours a doctor. and all the 
days of the year a doctor. 
There is no such thing for him as 
forgetting his profession. On the day 
he stepped into his college as a fresh 
medico. he set aside every other inter-
est and the system completely enveloped 
him. He acquired the habit of leaving 
home when all others were still asleep. 
THE ORIENTAL WATCHMAN, MARCH 1948 
Spick and span he was off on his cycle 
meeting the rising sun on the way. 
Thereafter he cut up cadavers, listened 
to lectures. took down notes, watched 
at sick-beds, and returned to his room 
only to burn the midnight oil in the 
company of a bleached skeleton or a 
part thereof, with the mighty Gray's 
Anatomy on his lap. It was a life of 
unremitting labour. His home, domes-
tic relationships, and the outside world 
in general, gradually, faded out as 
something unimportant and made him 
generally a nonconformist, so that his 
behaviour in society did not always ap-
pear quite normal. I think it was Dick-
ens who said. "Blasphemous as a medi-
cal student." The medico exhibits a 
contempt for the orthodoxies cf life, he 
is sometimes inclined to be loud, and 
deliberately jovial and utters remarks 
calculated to shock elderly persons. 
But all such behaviour must be viewed 
indulgently, because it is more than 
balanced by the earnestness with which 
he pursues the study of medicine. If 
he shows indifference to ordinary peo-
ple, he has a wholesome regard, border- 
ing on terror, fcr his masters. �
Thus 
he spends five years. 
His next stage: He steps out into 
the world full of hopes and plans. But 
his real troubles start only now. What 
was till now only an academic affair 
suddenly becomes an unmitigated real-
ity. It was all very well standing be-
hind the surgeon and watching an op-
eration, or discussing the intricacies of 
Materia Medica in the dining hall; it 
was a different thing striding through 
the wards as a house surgeon and cross-
examining the duty nurse—in all this the 
sick man was only a partial reality, an 
object of study or training, belonging 
to an institution. But now, whether he 
has hung up a board as an independent 
practitioner or whether he accepts a 
job in a hospital. sickness becomes a 
responsibility. When he finds the first 
tongue put out at him, he is, frankly, 
disconcerted. I have it on the confes-
sion of many medical friends that a 
normally sensitive young doctor is 
seized with a desire to run away when 
he is face to face with his first inde-
pendent case. I have made deep and 
exhaustive inquiry into this matter. and 
it seems to be the invariable rule for 
the young doctor secretly to wonder if 
he is goinr, to send his patient home 
alive at all. But it is a passing phase. 
It is cnly a question of time before the 
doctor understands, sickness and hu-
manity and his own place in the 
scheme. 
He realizes soon that much of his 
day's work consists in keeping up his 
patient's morale. He must choose his 
words with care and deliver them with 
the necessary softness and nuance like 
an actor. "Oh, doctor, when will I be 
able to move about like the rest?" asks 
the cripple. And he ought to ans‘xer 
ii he can afford to be blunt: "I'm not 
an astrologer, do you see? �
It may 
take years. Don't ask how many years, 
I don't knew it any more than you do. 
It's Nature's secret." Well. he cannot 
afford to say this. so he answers with a 
lot of cheer in his voice: "Say in about 
six months you should be able to run 
about." 
Sometimes lie is urgently summoned 
by telephone to the bedside of a chronic 
patient. He feels the pulse, looks un-
der the eyelid. taps the chest, and looks 
so:emn, while he feels like crying out 
at the patient: "You fat-head! Noth-
ing wrong with you. It would do you 
good to eat less; it would do von good 
to swing your arms and walk three 
miles a day or run as if a tiger were 
behind you. You should exercise this 
miserable body of yours. It would do 
you good to think less and less of your 
hank book. I see nothing wrong with 
you. The remedy lies in your own 
hands." But he knows he can never 
say so. Not that he is afraid to speak 
the truth. But he knows that his pa-
tient will not relish it. It may make 
him more ill, so he unscrews his pen 
and writes down a palliative, whisper-
inP: softly: "Have a light diet. Avoid 
all excitement, and try to get as much 
fresh air as you can." He is in duty-
bound to give every ailment a name and 
administer the appropriate medicine 
for it, otherwise he is in danger of 
gravely irritating his patients. 
Axel Munthe mentions in his book 
how a certain disease called colitis was 
very much in fashion in Paris at one 
time and how he came near to being 
lynched by his fellow professionals as 
well as by his clients when he attempted 
to tell them that there was probably no 
such disease as colitis. 
A doctor has to give the public what 
it wants, very much like a film producer 
or a popular journalist. A new fad be-
comes the rage in each season, and 
every sort of ailment must be traced to 
it. If I remember rightly, "calcium 
deficiency" came into vogue about ten 
years ago. You suffer from redness of 
the eyes. Well, it is due to calcium 
deficiency. If you feel cramps at your 
ankles you are again a victim of cal-
c:can deficiency. You suffer frcm de-
fective memory or feel like heaving a 
stone at your neighbour—that is again 
calcium deficiency. You have only to 
begin: "Doctor, I have �
" You 
don't even have to finish your sentence 
before you are told: "I am afraid you 
are in for it. Take a lot of calcium. 
." Calcium deficiency may reign 
supreme for a season and them give way 
to vitamin B deficiency. During cer- 
21 
tain seasons the doctors will declare a 
lack of vitamin B to be at the bottom of 
all the mischief. The patent medicine 
manufacturer keeps his ears alert and 
the label on his bottle promptly pro-
claims that it fills up the latest defi-
ciency. There are other medical fads 
too. At one time many doctors of a 
more surgical turn of mind, used to 
believe that a race of supermen could 
be created by the removal of tonsils. 
If it was not tonsils it was some gland 
in the body. You just scissor off the 
impediment, and lo, you become radi-
ant and long-lived. For such a doctor 
a human being seemed no different than 
a tree, shooting off clumsy, ill-arranged 
branches, which need drastic trimming. 
It speaks for the hardihood of the hu-
man race that it has so far survived 
every kind of experimental fad tried 
on it. 
I can now hear my doctor thumping 
his table and saying: "You ingrate! 
What is this you are saying about us? 
Do you think we are unscientific 
quacks? How do you think you were 
saved when your septic throat took you 
to the edge of the grave? Who, do you 
think, pulled you out of pneumonia? 
Do you think you were saved by your 
own wit?" 
"Oh, doctor, I am so sorry you feel 
hurt. I'm not referring to you. I'm 
sure you are very good in your own 
way. When there is any real crisis I 
know you will roll up your sleeves and 
prepare yourself for a real fight with 
disease and pain. With your sterilizer, 
needle, knife and bottle, you will step 
into the arena. I know, at such mo-
ments, it will be a fight to the finish—
the last round. Either the patient or 
the disease must go. You will tax 
yourself to the utmost. You will forget 
food, sleep, home and your family. 
When you succeed in the end, you will 
feel a joy unequalled in the world. 
When you see your efforts prove fruit- 
P
HYSICAL examination of more than 
50,000 school children has revealed 
that more than seventeen per cent were 
suffering from clinically recognizable 
malnutrition. Other studies—of hos-
pital patients, pregnant women, sick 
people, and well people—have revealed 
startling numbers of starving persons. 
Even in the healthiest people, body tis-
sues, which are largely protein, are con-
stantly wearing out and being replaced 
with new tissue. The material for this 
replacement can be derived from pro-
tein alone—protein of the best quality, 
containing adequate quantities of the.es-
sential amino acids. 
22 
less you will show a resignation ex-
hibited only by the greatest philosopher. 
You will pick up your bag and mutter 
before going: "We did our best," the 
saddest words ever to come from hu-
man lips. 
Well, I'm not referring to you. As 
in other things, there are different types 
even among doctors. You, the family 
doctor, are a type as much as the 
champion of vitamin or calcium, and I 
have said nothing yet about the special-
ist. He knows more and more about 
less and less. Is that not the definition 
of an expert? A human being is just 
an ear or a bone or a heart to him. 
He can only tackle the jurisdiction of 
which he is the master and not a 
hair's-breadth beyond it. A story con-
stantly occurs to my mind which I shall 
write down some day. It is a modern 
fable. A man went about with an ex-
cruciating pain, say somewhere be-
tween his left ear and eye. He was 
packed off to the eye specialist who 
probed and found that the pain was not 
within his scope and turned him on to 
an ear specialist. The ear expert de-
clared the pain had nothing to do with 
his department and suggested perhaps 
he should consult a bone specialist. 
The osteopath found all the bones in 
perfect order and advised him to see 
a mental doctor. The latter kept him 
under observation and declared that the 
pain was the result of auto-suggestion, 
and advised him to train himself not to 
think of it; he also threw in a sugges-
tion, just to eliminate the possibility, 
that he had better see a dentist and 
have all his teeth pulled out. Thus 
goes on the story of the sufferer. I have 
not decided how it should end, but I 
am sure if it is continued it will run 
into a long serial. Even then I may 
not be able to conclude it satisfactorily, 
unless perhaps a doctor come to my 
rescue.—The Indian Medical Journal, 
December 1947. 
As with the vitamins, we can have 
borderline protein deficiencies in which 
it is difficult to point the finger at any 
obvious specific symptom of the dearth 
of protein in the diet. However, the 
physician is able to check the amount 
of protein in the blood and determine 
whether a deficiency of protein exists. 
Special tests can also be made of the 
urine, to determine whether the body 
is in proper protein balance. 
When the diet provides more than 
sufficient protein to meet the require-
ments of the body, the excess is con-
sumed in giving heat and energy or is 
excreted until the output equals the in- 
take. It is not possible for the body to 
store any considerable quantity of pro- 
tein, as the reserves of protein do not 
exist as a pool or reservoir from which 
the body can draw its protein needs. 
It has not been until recent years 
that investigators have determined the 
vital role of the compounds which form 
the chief structure of protein—the 
amino acids. They provide the build-
ing blocks necessary in bodily growth, 
repair and replacement of tissues, and 
other important functions. 
Of the twenty-three amino acids now 
known, at least eight are judged indis-
pensable to normal tissue growth and 
optimal health. Their jaw-breaking 
names are lysine, tryptophan, phenyla-
lanine, leucine, isoleucine, threonine, 
methionine, and valine, with two others, 
arginine and histidine, a doubtful ad-
ditional two essential aminos. Because 
the body cannot make these amino acids 
from materials in the body, and be-
cause they are needed to construct new 
tissue, to provide muscle tone, and to 
regulate organs such as the thyroid 
gland and the liver, they must be ob-
tained from our food. Chemists have 
succeeded in synthesizing or reconstruc-
ting a few of these essential amino 
acids, but only in small amounts and at 
prohibitive costs. 
Measuring the Quantity of Protein 
Persons suffering from protein star-
vation are liable to be susceptible to 
infection, and after injuries or opera-
tions their wound healing is slowed 
down. Blood clotting is better in pa-
tients with adequate protein blood 
levels. Ulcers, infections, oedema, stom-
ach and intestinal disorders, and shock 
are much more frequently found in in-
dividuals who are protein depleted. 
In burns the loss of protein is ex-
tensive. It is the major cause of death 
during the first forty-eight hours follow-
ing an extensive burn. For this reason 
plasma or other quickly and easily as-
similated protein sources are adminis-
tered intravenously. After the critical 
period is over, proteins and amino acid 
compounds are administered in copious 
quantities in the diet. 
In old people faulty digestion may 
prevent the body from properly using 
the protein of the diet. Lack of ap-
petite, nausea, dental defects, or lack 
of teeth often cause inadequate intake 
of protein. Consequently, scientists 
have developed protein preparations 
which have been subjected to a process 
of predigestion. Now, in a flood simi-
lar to the deluge of vitamin products, 
a great number of protein preparations 
are being made. It is probable that 
the use of these protein preparations in 
overcoming low protein levels in the 
body will be counted among the recent 
victories of modern medicine. 
THE ORIENTAL WATCHMAN, MARCH 1948 
YOU CAN'T LIVE WITHOUT PROTEIN 
KENNETH L. BROWN, M.D. 
• 
Providing 
adequate medical aid for the peasants 
and labourers is closely bound up with 
the country's material advancement. 
Here, as in all other spheres of recon. 
struction, Tata Steel will play its part, 
VISION IN STEEZ 
Building of hospitals, the rnanu• 
facture of hospital furniture, equipment 
and pharmaceutical preparations, the 
establishment of medical colleges and 
research laboratories—all these are 
essential for the promotion of health 
and prosperity of India. 
'TATA STEEL 
PLATES • RAILS • BEAMS • SHEETS • 
JOIST PILING • WHEEL TYRE AND AZLES 
• HIGH CARBON STEELS • SPECIAL ALLOY 
AND TOOL STEELS. 
 
THE TATA IRON & STEEL CO., LTD. Head Saleb Office: 102A, Netaji Subluts Road, Calcutta. 
THE ORIENTAL WATCHMAN, MARCH 1948 �
23 
THROUGH THE AGES 
10 Leather 
Rupees 
P. 
i5,544ligry �
-0e,t(*(' 
jratifikabe
ishijuk .00 ` apties;
'°*."-
' �
Arknox 
Embarrassed by quarrels and law- suits between people over the :ne!als as currency, 
some wise Prince thought of stamping ingots with his seal to guarantee the purity 
of the metal. In course of time gold and silver replaced base metals and the size of 
ingot became smaller. Titus was the first coin born. This was thousands of years 
ago. Often the king was unable to prevent people from forging his likeness on coins 
of inferior metal, especially if the Police were inefficient or the king was away at the 
wars. Remember, Humayun's one dip into the Ganges made pieces of leather legal 
tender once ! Frequent changes of dynasties upset money values. 
With the value of money so uncertain and administrations changing quickly, there 
was not much- incentive to save. Also, whatever .was saved was not infrequently 
buried for safety and .very often lost. 
To-day there is no danger of unstable curr-
ency. Savings, too, need not take the form 
of hoarding. Your can invest your money 
and make it yield a good return for you. 
Money invested in National Savings Certi-
ficates is absolutely safe and it increases 
by 50% at maturity, i.e. every Rs. 10/- be-
:.omes Rs. 1.51- after 12 years. The interest is 
Income Tax free. You can now invest any 
amount from Rs. 51- to Rs. 15,0001-, (Small 
Savers can buy National Savings Stamps for 
As. -/4/-, -/8/- and Re. 1/-), Certificates are 
now encas,':able after 18 months (12 months 
for Rs. 5.!- Certificates). 
SIWE fOR THE OMR" 
" NATIONAL 
SAVINGS 
CERTIFICATES 
Obtainable from Pest Offices, Authorised Agents appointed.by Government and Savings Bureaux. 
A< TO 
24 �
THE ORIENTAL WATCHMAN, MARCH 1948 
ei..gs are irritating and rob you of your sleep besides 
being the possible cause of sores and ulcers. Get rid of them 
definitely with 1.1 F. OC ID which contains 10% DDT.* 
For best results dust ail cracks. crevices. in furniture, floors, walls, 
beddings, mattresses and 
pillows. 
Leave the powder as long 
as possible. The residual effect of DDT assures that bugs will be 
killed for a long time after application. Repeat application with a 
light dusting about every fortnight. DDT's effect is NOT instantaneous 
but it is quize SURE and CERTAIN to kill insects --- it also has a 
lasting residual effect which is absent in other insecticides. 
use 
MOCIED 
..amei um it right / 
DD @Dug 
GEIGY INSECTICIDES LIMITED, Neville House, 
Nicol Road, Ballard Estate, Bombay. 
Distributors for Bombay Presidency: 
MESSRS. 1)ARUVALA BROS., Shruff Mansion, 
Princess Street, Bombay. 
DIV 51ar 
:MTP.M7M 
. 25 
RECIPES 
IMITATION MARMITE 
1 cup boiling vegetable juice (tomato, 
celery or spinach, mix:d); 2 cups thick 
brewer's yeast or dried yeast dissolved in 
water; 4 tablespcons Instant Postum dis-
solved in this boiling liquid; 5 tablespoons 
salt. 
Cook all these ingredients slowly, stir-
ring often until reduced to the consistency 
of paste. This taste keeps indefinitely 
and is very useful in the flavouring of 
soups, gravies, cutlets, etc. Only very 
little should be used at a time. 
FAVOURITE VEGETARIAN PROTEIN 
FOOD 
2 cups cooked red dal (cooked rather 
dry); 2 tablespoons chopped onion; 2 cups 
mashed potatoes; 2 tablespocns butter; l/2 
teaspoon sage, sweet marjoram or mixed 
dried herbs; 1 cup chopped nuts; /2 cup 
bread crumbs. 
Place the onion, savoury herbs and 
butter into a small pan and saute for a 
few minutes to soften the onion. Mix 
this • with the dal and the mashed 
potatoes; add the chopped nuts. Form 
into cutlets and dip in bread crumbs. 
Brown in a skillet until a light brown and 
serve with tomato sauce. 
Tomato Sauce: 1 medium-sized grated 
onion; 1 medium-sized grated carrot; 2 
tablespoons chopped parsley; /2 cup oil; 2 
cups chopped tomatoes; salt to taste. 
Boil all together for ten minutes and 
then force through a sieve. Return to the 
saucepan and bring to boiling point again. 
Add one tablespoon of flour previously 
browned and made smooth in a little 
water. If sauce is boiled down and of the 
right consistency flour may be omitted. 
While cooking, a little crushedgarlic and 
jeera may be added, if so desired. 
LEMON PIE 
2 cups water; 6 level tablespoons 
cornstarch (or cornflour); 1/2 cups sugar; 
1/4 teaspoon salt; 3 eggs separated; 
tablespoons butter; juice of 2 lemons or 3 
limes, and the grated outer rind of one 
lime or lemon; 1 baked 9 inch pie shell. 
Bring the two cups of water to boiling 
point and pour gradually over the sugar, 
salt and cornflour, which have been pre-
viously blended. Stir briskly to prevent 
lumps from forming. Place this mixture 
in a double boiler and boil fen ten 
minutes. Stir a small amount of the 
mixture into the beaten egg yolks and 
then add the eggs to the full mixture 
gradually, beating all the time. Return 
to the fire for three minutes but do not 
allow to boil. Add butter, lemon juice 
and rind. Beat thoroughly, cool, and pour 
into baked pastry shell. Cover with a 
meringue made by beating the egg whites 
stiff with one tablespoon of sugar. When 
this is spread over the pie, brown slightly 
on the top in a medium oven, taking care 
it does not burn. Enough for six persons. 
PIE SHELL: 1T/2 cups flour; 1/2 cup 
butter or Dalda; 1/4 teaspoon salt; 5 
tablespoons cold water. 
Mix flour and butter well. Add the 
salt and thn water. Mix until a dough is 
formed. Roll out and put into a pie dish, 
TIIE ORIENTAL WATCHMAN, MARCH 1948 
covering the edges well. Bake in a kit 
oven until golden brown. Let cool before 
pouring in the lemon mixture. 
NUT CHOPS 
1 cup walnuts, chopped fine; 1 cup 
bread crumbs or cracker crumbs; 1 cup 
rich milk; 1 egg; 1 teaspoon savoury 
herbs; salt to taste. 
Mix all ingredients together. Shape 
into patties and fry a golden brown on 
both sides. 
COMBINATION FRUIT SALAD 
1 small papaya; 3 plantains; 1 lb. 
seedless grapes; /2 cup orange juice. 
Peel papaya, remove seeds and cut into 
small cubes. Peel and slice plantains. 
Wash grapes and remove stems. Mix all 
the fruit together and place in a fruit 
bowl. Sprinkle with sugar and cover the 
whole mixture with the orange juice. 
THE 
DOCTOR 
SAYS 
This question and answer 
service, free only to sub-
scribers, is intended for gen-
eral information. No at-
tempt will be made to treat 
discase W �66C i1C PlaaC 
of a regular physician. in 
special cases, where a per-
sonal reply is desired or 
necessary, it will be given if 
a stamped addressed envelope 
accompanies the question. 
We reserve the right to pub-
lish the answers to any ques-
tions sent in, if we deem 
them beneficial to our read-
ers, though no names will be 
published. �
Address 
the As- 
sociate Editor (Doctor Says) 
"Health," Post Box 35. 
Poona 1, and make questions 
short and to the point. 
�
Al.ii0110•11111111.2 
`• 
WASTE 
Every bit saved adds to the country's 
reserve of food to feed the hungry. 
All together can help to save thou. 
sands of tons of food. 
2. Fr A BALANCED DIET 
You may have to buy only what you 
get; so be resourceful and see that 
your food is palatably cooked. 
L GET THE MAXIMUM NUTRITION 
Oils and fats have a high calorific 
value and are essential to life. They 
are energy giving foods; but only a 
good cooking oil is easily digestible. 
and this above all 
CO N OT WASTE FOOD 
Cocogem 
for Nutritive and Economical Cooking 
THE TATA OIL A'ALS CO., LTD. 
2G 
1. AVOID 
COUGH AND FEVER: Ques.—"I have 
been suffering for the past year from fever 
and have also lost ten pounds in weight. 
I cough up a considerable amount of 
sputum and also suffer from insomnia and 
constipation. My skin hangs in folds like 
that of an old man. I ant a bachelor and 
twenty-three years of age. Kindly help 
site and advise what medicine or tonic I 
can take to improve my health." 
Ans.—Anyone who has a cough for over 
two weeks, is losini, weight and feels 
feverish, should consult the best physician 
in his locality for a thorough examination 
and X-ray of the chest; for these are 
warning signs that you may be developing 
tuberculosis or some other disease. 
PREMATURE GREY HAIR: Quzs.—
"My hair began to grey prematurely when 
I was eighteen years of age and I am now 
twenty-eight years old. I received sonic 
treatment from a London hair specialist 
but this treatment had to be discontinued 
because of the war. I find my grey hair 
a great social handicap and am writing to 
ask you to prescribe an effective treatment 
for it." 
Ans.—Greying of the hair, either pre-
maturely or with age, seems to be a 
process over which man has no control. 
There is no medicine or treatment which 
will cure grey hair. Articles and notices 
declaring that science has found a cure for 
greying hair, appear from time to time in 
magazines and newspapers. Several years 
ago in an experiment, a substance was 
found which cured grey hair in rats, but 
many grey-haired people were greatly dis-
appointed to find that this substance was 
not effective in changing the colour of 
grey hair in humans. The so-called cures 
advertised in the papers are best avoided. 
Dyes may be used but to be effective they 
must be used repeatedly. 
IN THE RELIEF 
OF PAIN 
Perihel Pira Tnfra-red rays are invaluable 
in the relief of: 
RHEUMATIC CONDITIONS: 
Fibrositis, Lumbago. Stiff Neck, 
Arthritis, Sprains, Musrle Pains, etc. 
NERVOUS CONDITIONS: Neuritis, 
Neurasthenia, Sciatica Neuralgia, etc. 
SKIN CONDITIONS: Abscesses. 
Boils, Carbuncles, Chilblains, 
Eczema, Whitlows, etc. 
Other conditions, which are 
innumerable, include Bronchitis. 
Gout and Obesity. 
Limited stocks are now available in India. 
Perihel 
Infra-Red Apparatus for Home Use 
Made by PERIHEL LTD.. LONDON. 
Sole Agents in India: 
MESSRS INNIT LTD., 
30/4, Rani Rashmoni Road, 
Calcutta 13 
THE ORIENTAL WATCHMAN, MARCH 191,8 
THE MODERN MEDICAL COUNSELLOR 
By Hubert 0. Swartout, M.D., Ph.D. 
Seventeen leading physicians, surgeons, and spe-
cialists collaborated in the writing of this compre-
hensive 900-page modern health guide. They have 
brought together the latest information from recent 
discoveries in medical science for the treatment of 
disease. Couched in language easily understood by 
the average layman, its instructions are applicable 
by anyone of ordinary intelligence. 
WHAT Tn n0 
Before the doctor comes, and how to give nursing care to the patient after 
the doctor leaves are made clear. No household can afford to be without 
the instruction in 
First-Aid for Accidents and 
Emergency Illnesses 
Counsel on Initial Diagnosis, With 
FIFTEEN COLOUR PLATES 
Portraying the actual appearance of many common diseases, suggests 
procedures for relief and the patient's comfort through simple remedies 
such as proper diet, hydrotherapy, and simple massage. 
FULLY INDEXED 
The index of disease symptoms is particularly valuable. 
A shipment of these valuable books has just been cleared and is now 
available to friends in India. Strongly bound. Marbled edges. 
Price, Rs. 40, Post Paid 
ORDER FROM 
THE ORIENTAL WATCHMAN PUBLISHING HOUSE 
P. 0. Box 35, Poona 1 
27 
COATED TONGUE; CERVICAL ADEN-
TITIS: Ques.—"(1) A thick coating 
appears on my tongue in the early hours 
of the morning. I have been able to re-
move this with a tongue cleanser but after 
a couple of hours it appears again. My 
bowels function every day. Please tell me 
why my tongue becomes so coated and also 
What 1 can do to remedy this condition. 
(2) A cyst made its appearance on the 
right side of my neck and in two weeks' 
time had grown to the size of a tennis 
ball. The doctor made an incision in it 
and declared it to be tubercular cervical 
adentitis. I was admitted into a hospital 
for tuberculars, and after having my 
blood, urine and stools examined and my 
chest X-rayed I am told the results are 
negative. The cyst has now healed but is 
a little soft to the touch. I have been 
having slight pain around my ribs and 
produce a thick jelly-like sputum. Do you 
think other glands are affected and con-
trary to the results of the examination do 
you think it is tuberculosis?" 
Ans.—(1) The most common cause for 
a coating on the tongue is constipation. 
However, it can also be caused by dietary 
indiscretions or by taking heavy meals 
late at night. (2) Cervical adentitis may 
be caused by a number of things and 
tuberculosis is a common cause. Usually 
more than one gland is involved. Surgery 
is often necessary and many times has to 
be repeated as new glands develop. Do 
not blame your surgeon if you have to 
THE ORIENTAL WATCHMAN, MARCH 1948 
The Publishers of this Magazine 
insure their Motor Cars and 
Property with: 
The National 
Employers, 
Mutual General 
insurance 
Association 
Limited 
Head Office for the East: 
32, Nicol Road, Ballard Estate, 
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telephone: 22823 
telegrams: "AUTONEM" 
Chief Office for Northern India: 
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Telephone: 3516 
'telegrams: "AUTONEM" 
have more than ohe operation for them. 
It is thought by many that tubercular 
adentitis is acquired by drinking infected 
milk. This is another argument for boil-
ing all the milk for ten minutes before us-
ing it. This effectively kills pathological 
organisms which may be present. I can-
not say whether any case is or is not 
tubercular. The diagnosis depends on the 
laboratory and X-ray findings. 
BUST DEVELOPMENT: Ques.—"I am 
nearing nineteen years of age and am very 
worried because my bust does not seem 
to develop at all. Please do not disappoint 
me but tell me of some good treatment 
which will improve my figure." 
Ans.—In girls it is normal for the bust 
to begin to develop some time between the 
tenth and fifteenth years, depending on 
one's heredity and constitution. II the 
bust does not develop or develops only 
very slightly even though one appears 
grown in other respects, it is. well to seek 
expert medical advice. In some individ-
uals the lack of development is due to 
some lack of proper glandular function 
which can be remedied by proper treat-
ment. However, this is a thing which re-
quires proper medical guidance. One 
should not undertake to treat oneself by 
using any of the various "gland tonics" 
recommended in newspaper advertisements 
or by friends. 
YOGURT; MUSCULAR STIFFNESS: 
Ques.—"(1) After having read an article 
in your magazine on the value of Yogurt 
Her mother said: 
EVERYBODY ADMIRES 
HER TEETH" 
But her dentist said:
MUST LOSE THE LOT !" 
No matter how white and lovely your teeth are now, they 
will be useless if your gums get diseased. Look after gums 
as carefully as after teeth. Use regularly S. R. Toothpaste. 
It is the only one with Sodium Ricinoleate, which dentists 
use to strengthen gums and keep them healthy. Moreover, 
S. R. Toothpaste keeps teeth sparkling clean and white. 
PROTECT VOOR TEETH BY 
PROTECTING YOL/R C€/MS 
TOOTHPASTE 
GSA. 45.50.40 
in the diet, I desire to know from where I 
may purchase this commodity. (2) 
I 
developed muscular stiffness in my right 
shoulder in 1943. This stiffness went 
away for some time but has now made its 
appearance again. Is it possible to get 
Ketone treatment for this complaint ?" 
Ans.—(1) I know of no locality in India 
where Yogurt is at present being cultured. 
The curds usually prepared in this 
country are so similar to Yogurt that we 
are advising all our patients to use curds 
until Yogurt becomes avail:1M.. (91 The 
Ketone treatment mentioned in our March 
of Medicine Department in October 1946, 
is still in the experimental stage. 
REMOVAL OF UNWANTED HAIR; 
PLASTIC SURGERY: Ques.—"(1) I have 
an excessive growth of hair en my 
forehead. Please tell me what to do to 
remove this hair permanently. (2) In the 
present communal disturbances my nose 
has been badly damaged, and as a result 
my face does not present a very pleasing 
appearance. Please give me the name of 
some competent plastic surgeon who could 
perform an operation to remove my facial 
defects." 
Ans.—(1) There are various hair re-
movers on the market. Some of them 
contain poisons which may seriously affect 
one's health. Others are very irritating 
to the skin. The most satisfactory method 
of removing unwanted hair is by electroly- 
2i.;. Thisis �
rather .1^n, and tedious 
process and requires a skilled technician 
and a special machine. I am not sure that 
the method is available in India. (2) 
Plastic surgery is a special branch of 
surgery which deals with the correction of 
deformities, removal of scars, or recon-
struction of lost or missing parts of the 
body. You can learn the names of those 
surgeons who are skilled in this work by 
writing to the registrar of the Medical 
Council in your province or to the 
secretary of the Medical Association in 
your city. 
ANAEMIA: Ques.—"I am thirty-eight 
years of age and my blood count is not 
up to standard. Please recommend a diet 
for me and also some other effective 
treatment for this deficiency." • 
Ans.—There are numerous causes for 
anaemia and each one requires different 
treatment. It would not, therefore, be fair 
if I su—,gcsted one �
random for you. 
That is eihe reason this column does not 
attempt to diagnose or treat by mail. Our 
function is to advise and counsel. You 
should consult a physician as to what 
remedy is best suited to your needs. He 
may also suggest some special articles of 
diet for you, but in general the following 
foods should be taken every day by 
anaemia patients: 1. Two servings of a 
green and yellow vegetable and one other 
vegetable. Spinach, carrots, parsley and 
water-cress are particularly desirable. 2. 
One egg daily, the yolk being the im-
portant portion for anaemia people. 3. 
One citrus fruit, tomato or raw cabbage 
salad. 
4. One other fruit. Raisins and 
apricots, either fresh, tinned or dried are 
particularly good. 5. Half a seer of milk 
or its equivalent in curds or cream cheese. 
6. One serving of dahl, dried beans, peas or 
other legumes. 7. Three servings of whole 
grain cereals. Wheat, red rice, millet or 
other cereals prepared in any way you 
prefer, but if boiled, the water in which 
they are cooked should be used and not 
discarded. If these articles of diet are 
included every day, you may eat whatever 
else you like. It is well to omit highly 
seasoned foods. 
STOMACH ULCERS: Ques.—"A friend 
of mine said there was an article in one of 
the issues of your magazine on stomach 
ulcers. He cannot find the magazine and 
wants to know the name of the drug 
mentioned there which is now being used 
in the treatment of such disorders." 
Ans.—Perhaps the article referred to by 
your friend was in our April issue. 
In 
that article the author mentioned the use 
of protein concentrates or amino acids as 
an aid in the treatment of some cases of 
ulcers. Stomach ulcers, as you probably 
know, are the result of a combination of 
causes which result in the stomach 
digesting a part of its own lining. Often 
the condition is associated with over-acid-
ity of the stomach contents, and there is 
good evidence to show that an anxious or 
worried state of mind predisposes to, or 
actually causes, ulcers. Use of tobacco 
also predisposes to ulcer formation in sus-
ceptible individuals. Some authorities sus-
pect that there is probably some vitamin 
lacking in most cases of ulcer, but I know 
of no experimental work to prove it- The 
modern treatment for ulcers includes the 
use of a great many acid neutralizers, 
some of which are quite effective. The 
success of these often depends uron strict 
adherence to a schedule, and also upon 
how well the patient is able to forget his 
worries. Surgery is often required. The 
amino acids or "protein concentrates" are 
only a useful aid in some eases. You 
should consult your physician as to 
whether it is desirable for you to try it 
or not. 
NEAR-SIGHTEDNESS; ENLARGED 
CALVES: Ques.—"(l) My sister is short-
sighted and wears glasses. She also experi-
ences an itching sensation in the corners 
of her eyes and has been using ointment 
THE ORIENTAL WATCHMAN, MARCH 1948 
For 
the 
whole 
Family 
A NOURISHING BREAKFAST 
7 
'With to-day's strict rationing of body-building cereals, 
anxious housewives are finding it increasingly difficult to provide 
their families with this essential part of their diet. Farex now 
solves this problem. Farex is unrationed �
 Farex is a cereal 
food (prepared from wheat, oats and maize) rich in vitamins, 
protein and minerals. It is easily digested and prepared in three 
seconds as it requires no cooking. Serve Farex, with a little 
milk and sugar, for the family's breakfast to morrow and watch 
them clamour fur more! 
"Irhen you put baby on 'solids' put him on Farex" 
Representatives in India 
R. J. FOSTER & CO. LTD. 
BOMBAY P.O. BOX No. 202 
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to remedy this. What causes her to be 
short-sighted? (2) This same sister would 
also have a perfect figure if the calves of 
r legs 
score not overdeveloped and 
appear to be out of proportion to the rest 
of her figure. Why should her calves have 
grown to this extent 0" 
Ans.—(1) Myopia or near-sightedness is 
a condition in which the eye is unable to 
bring distant objects into clear focus. 
Sometimes it is associated with some 
disease such as diabetes, but most 
frequently it is due to a refractive error 
in the eye itself. The proper treatment is 
to wear properly fitted glasses. If there 
is any suspicion of an associated disease, 
one should consult a competent physician. 
(2) If a person has enlarged calves but is 
otherwise healthy, no reason can be 
assigned except that God made them that 
way. 
9 
OPIUM EATING: Ques.—"My . father, 
aged seventy, has been using opium for 
the past thirty-five years. Whenever he 
does not take the drug he becomes tired 
and suffers from pains in his body. He 
seems to be quite healthy, but we want 
to know what to do to help him break 
this habit. (2) My wife has a small knot 
in front of her neck just below the chin. 
Can you tell us what this is?" 
Ans.—Opium produces a false sense of 
well-being and relieves the aches and pains 
to which the body is subjected, but when 
continued over a period of time it en-
slaves the individual so that when he 
refrains from taking it he suffers from 
"withdrawal pains," and these pains cause 
him to resort to the drug again. Treat-
ment of this habit requires expert and 
constant supervision; first to relieve the 
uncomfortable withdrawal symptoms, and 
second, to see the patient does not obtain 
the drug. You must consult the best 
physician in your vicinity and place your 
father under his care. (2) Swellings under 
the chin may be due to enlargement of the 
neck glands because of tuberculosis or 
infected teeth, or the enlargement may be 
a cyst of some type. In any case, the 
proper thing to do is to consult a surgeon 
who can advise as to its cause and tell 
whether surgical or medical treatment is 
necessary. 
9 
HYDROCELE: Ques.—"For the past 
fourteen years I have suffered from 
shooting pains down my right side, which 
pains are particularly acute in my leg 
and foot. Because of this discomfort 1 
feel like lying on the bed most of the time 
and have no inclination to do any desk 
work. In 1943 I underwent- an operation 
for hydrocele of the right side but the 
pain is still persistent. I have pain on 
the left side also. but this is relieved 
sometimes -by iodide injections. I am very 
keen on outdoor sports but hesitate to 
THE ORIENTAL WATCHMAN, MARCH 1948 
LEUKORRHEA: Ques.—"What is the 
best treatment for leukorrhea? Can leu-
korrhea cause sterility?" 
Ans.—Leukorrhea may be a simple 
thing that can be relieved by hot vinegar 
douches (one ounce of vinegar to one quart 
of water) taken every other day, or it 
may be due to some other condition. If 
this simple home treatment does not 
relieve the condition in ten (lays, one 
should hilve a careful physical and labora-
tory examination by a competent physician 
so that he can advise more individualized 
and specific treatment. Some of the dis-
eases which produce leukorrhea do cause 
sterility, so the condition should not be 
neglected. 
7herg's PAMIR 
?ram dirt aid 022vlX every A 
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THE ORIENTAL WATCHMAN 
AND HERALD or 
 
10R HEALTH.HOME. AND HAPPINESS 
Vol. 25, No. 3 �
POONA �March 1948 
Published Monthly by 
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swim, walk, or take physical exercise 
freely, in case the pain will be aggravated 
by so doing. I am taking a vitamin B 
preparation on my doctor's advice. Please 
tell me what I should do to alleviate my 
suffering." 
Ans.—The pain of hydrocele can often 
be relieved by wearing a scrotal suspen-
sory. This can be obtained from a 
chemist's shop. Hydrocele is not made 
worse by walking or swimming. You need 
not avoid these exercises. For the cure 
of kydrocele, surgery is recommended. I 
would advise you to continue the tonic 
you are taking. Most of us do not get 
sufficient vitamins in our diet. You 
should include a good variety of vegetables, 
fruit, milk and whole grain cereals in your 
diet every day. As to the pain in your 
right foot and leg, I cannot ascertain the 
cause- or treat it by mail. You should 
follow the advice of your physician in the 
mat ter. 
30 
 
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ORIENTAL WATCHMAN 
MARCH �
SUPPLEMENT �
1948 
WILL ALLIANCES PREVENT WAR 
A
S POWERFUL as are the imple-
ments of present-day warfare, no 
nation feels adequate of itself to wage 
successful military action for complete 
victory. It must have the help of other 
governments to win. It cannot be the 
all-powerful "lone wolf"; it must run 
in the pack with other assisting powers. 
This need for concerted international 
action is as evident in defensive conflict 
411' as it is in offensive. To protect itself 
against the assault of another hostile 
Power or powers, it cannot afford to 
stand alone. Feeling this insecurity, it 
must yoke up with other countries for a 
common regional protection. Are not the 
statesmen of the Kremlin telling us that 
Russia must associate itself with the 
lesser powers in Eastern Europe for de-
fensive purposes? 
Even with the atomic bomb we are 
told that the smallest nation, if the pos-
sessor of this death-dealing instrument, 
can assure itself of victory; yet we have 
not ceased to hear about groups of na-
tions being obliged to band together to 
oppose other groups. There must be an 
Anglo-American alliance in the West, it 
is claimed, to meet the growing chal-
lenge of the Soviet-Slav alliance in the 
East. 
In this age-old habit of nations to 
join themselves together in alliances, 
leagues, and ententes, we have another 
potent cause for war, another evidence 
of the utter futility of entertaining any 
hope of permanent world peace. Re-
flection will at once reveal that this very 
allying of powers can produce only the 
seeds of suspicion, hatred, and hostility. 
David Lloyd George was right when, at 
the end of World War I, he observed 
that the tragedy of modern warfare is 
that no nation coming out of it learns 
how to avoid it. 
When Germany, Austria, and Italy 
formed the Triple Alliance, did this for-
mation hold back the forces of strife as 
the leaders of these governments fat-
uously supposed? No; it only aroused 
to higher pitch the fears of England, 
France and Russia, with the resultant 
World War I. When again, Germany, 
Italy, and Japan allied themselves, did 
this provoke peace? It did not! Yet we 
have not learned the lesson. if news re-
ports are at all reliable. New "blocs" 
THE ORIENTAL WATCHMAN, MARCH 1943 
1 �
P �
• �
4- L �
• r.--; flf 
are zureauy twining, w ue nc,-; 
irritation and hostility. 
Governments need to heed the pro-
phetic warning of Isaiah: "Associate 
yourselves, 0 ye people, and ye shall 
be broken in pieces; and give ear, all 
ye of far countries: gird yourselves, and 
ye shall be broken in pieces; gird your-
selves, and ye shall be broken in pieces. 
Take counsel together, and it shall come 
to nought.... For the Lord spake thus 
to me with a strong hand, and instructed 
me that I should not walk in the way 
of this people, saying, Say ye not, A 
confederacy, to all them to whom this 
people shall say, A confederacy; neither 
fear ye their fear, nor be afraid." Isaiah 
8:9-12. 
Secret diplomacy is another fruitful 
cause of war. "Open covenants openly 
arrived at" may be a shining ideal, 
but there is too much suspicion, lack of 
confidence, and jealousy among the 
countries of our world to make this 
possible. So long as selfishness is the 
supreme dictator of national policy and 
practice, so long as every nation is 
bound to work out its own will and way 
regardless of the wishes of other na-
tions, there will be this secret diplomacy 
WILLIAM G. WIRTH 
that is tricky, deceptive, and half-truth-
ful, if not directly dishonest. 
Can there be any wonder that the 
backlog of covert international opera-
tions results in bitter hostility? How 
can we attain international peace until 
nations are willing to be forthright in 
their relations one with another? The 
very concept of peace demands the re-
moval of all those selfish reservations 
that the governments of earth cling to 
in order to effect their own schemes to 
the detriment of other powers. 
The last cause of war that we shall 
take the time to consider is of racial 
minorities. Were this whole world peo-
pled, say, by the Russian race, it is con-
ceivable the world might reach a state 
of permanent peace. The one language, 
the one tradition and way of life would 
make the way easy for universal con-
cord. But so long as there are Poles, 
with their language and tradition, 
Czechs with their language and tradi-
tion, Magyars, Finns, and many other 
racial minorities in Eastern Europe, 
there will he no permanent peace. There 
may well be an enforced peace, lasting 
as long as the Kremlin is powerful 
enough to hold the smaller people in 
subjection; but once let the governmental 
lid be removed, and the strong national 
patriotism of these racial groups will 
assert itself. And so long as these 
minorities are with us, just that long 
there will be no world peace. 
What is going on now in India and 
Java ought to make this lesson plain. 
Put with this racial unrest the added 
factor of the rising assertiveness of the 
coloured races of the world, with their 
insistence that "white supremacy" must 
pte
come
le. to an end, and the picture is com- 
Here again we perceive that remark-
able insight of the Bible, where we are 
told that in the coming kingdom of 
Christ, to be established at His second 
advent, "the leaves of the tree were for 
the healing of the nations." Revelation 
22:2. What all our talk and endeavour 
toward human freedom and democracy 
now is failing to accomplish in the 
brotherhood of man and the fellowship 
of all nations, tribes, races, and people, 
will then be consummated in the spirit-
ual government of the redeemed. 
• 
W
HEN God created the elements of 
the earth He made them of atoms, 
minute creations so small that if a drop 
of water were magnified to the size of 
the earth each atom would be consider-
ably smaller than a baseball. When 
the atom was discovered a few short 
decades ago it was so named because A 
was thought to be non-divisible. How-
ever, the world has learned to its sorrow 
that such is not the case. The atom may 
be divided (split), and in the dividing 
of it is obtained the power, the explo-
sive force, that has brought fear and 
trembling to the hearts of world leaders. 
The atom is composed of a nucleus 
or central core in which are particles 
called protons and neutrons. Revolving 
about the nucleus, as the planets of the 
solar system revolve around the sun, 
are the electrons. The proton carries a 
positive charge of electricity, the elec-
tron carries a negative charge whicli 
exactly balances the proton. The 
neutron is negative, which makes the 
atom itself neutral. It is seen that the 
elements of the earth are not as they 
appear: Atomic motion pervades all 
creation. In fact, the law of motion 
seems to be the first law of the universe. 
There are ninety-two known elements. 
Their atomic construction is very 
simple, depending upon the number ni 
protons in the nucleus. Hydrogen 
stands as the number one element, 
having but one proton. When God 
made helium He simply added another 
proton. Carbon has six protons in 'ts 
nucleus, nitrogen has seven, oxygen 
eight, and so on to uranium, which frls 
ninety-two. 
The particles which compose the 
atom appear to be the smallest com-
ponent parts of creation. God, in ful-
filment of Daniel 12:4, has allowed 
men to delve into the mysterious force 
and power which He locked up in the 
Bosom of the atom at the time when 
"He spake, and it was done." The power 
contained in the atom is almost in-
comprehensible. We are told that only 
a small fraction of the power of the 
uranium atom has to the present been 
released, yet the experimental blast in 
the New Mexico desert completely dis-
solved the steel tower upon which the 
bomb was suspended. The desert sand 
for a distance of four hundred yards 
around was melted into a jade-green, 
glass-like substance. 
In his book Dawn Over Zero, William 
Lawrence tells us something of the 
• 2 
atomic power contained in the elements 
which we handle daily. Says Mr. 
Lawrence: "Translated into terms of 
pounds and kilowatt-hours, this means 
that one pound of matter contains the 
energy equivalent of 10,000,000,000 
kilowatt-hours. 
"If this energy could be fully utilized, 
it would take only twenty-two pounds 
of matter to supply all the electrical 
power requirements of the United States 
for a year. One third of a gramme of 
water would yield enough heat to turn 
12,000 tons of water into steam. One 
gramme of water would raise a load of 
a million tons to the top of a mountain 
six miles high. A breath of air would 
operate a powerful aeroplane continu-
ously for a year. A handful of snow 
would heat a large apartment house for 
a year. The pasteboard in a small rail-
road ticket would run a heavy pas-
senger train several times around the 
word. A cup of water would supply 
the power of a great generating station 
of 100,000-kilowatt capacity for six 
years. 
"One pound of any substance, if its 
atomic-energy content could be fully 
utilized one hundred per cent, is 
equivalent in power content to 3,000,-
000,000 pounds of coal, or 1,500,000 
tons." Page 23. 
It is a little more than two years since 
the world became atomic conscious. 
As the news of the bomb-bursts that 
dissolved the two Japanese cities came, 
thinking people realized the significance 
of the dawn of a new, fearful, and 
wonderful age. Here was power that, 
rightly used, would do the world's work. 
But on the other hand, this power iii 
the possession of selfish men and na-
tions might well mean the destruction 
of the race. Men became fearful. 
Scientists who helped to develop the 
bomb became evangelists in their efforts 
to bring about some kind of control. 
Dr. Harold Urey said: "I am a fright-
ened man myself. All the scientists I 
know are frightened." And again ha 
said: "I am still a frightened man. The 
gravity of the world situation is tight-
ening beyond words to express. Civili-
zation has been brought to the brink of 
the precipice." 
H. G. Wells. British historian, said 
before his death: "The world is at the 
end of its tether. The end of everything 
we call life is close at hand and cannot 
be evaded.... There is no way out, or 
around, or through the impasse. It is 
the end. . . . A series of events has 
forced upon the intelligent observer the 
realization that the human story has 
come to an end." 
In the past two years we have wit-
nessed the fulfilment of Luke's prophecy 
of the last days: "Men's hearts failing 
them for fear, and for looking after 
those things which are coming on the 
earth: for the powers of heaven shall be 
shaken." Luke 21:26. Without doubt 
the world has never in its history passed 
through a period when men faced the 
future with so great a degree of un-
certainty. Heretofore at the close of a 
war people have felt more or less secure, 
but of course the ancients did not have 
the threat of atomic explosions. Tcday 
fear haunts the hearts of every house-
hold. We are continually being told 
that this is the end. Robert M. Hutch-
ins, chancellor of the University of 
Chicago, thinks there is not much use 
in sending children to school any more. 
Said he: "Devoting our educational. 
efforts to infants between six and 
twenty-one seems futile" because "the 
world may not last long enough" to 
give them training. 
Effort after effort has been made in 
the two years since the close of the war, 
to bring the nations to agree on the 
terms of peace—all have failed. While 
in most nations we do not today hear 
the thunder of guns and the exploding 
of bombs, yet we are in the midst of ,a 
war nevertheless—a political war which 
may certainly end in a shooting war. 
Two great powers occupy the stage of 
the world's theatre. Soviet Russia with 
her satellites are the actors in the east-
ern theatre; while the United States, 
with her tremendous industrial capacity 
and the atomic bomb, occupies the west-
ern theatre. Russian leaders are moving 
along the lines of world domination 
and communistic indoctrination. In the 
light of this, conflict appears inevitable. 
One Year After the Bikini Experiments 
Life magazine for August 11, 1947, 
tells us something of what was learned 
in the Pacific blasts. There is much to 
the report, and none of it good. The 
last two sentences of fourteen pages of 
pictures and stories are gloomy indeed: 
"The only defence against atomic 
bombs still lies outside the scope of 
science. It is the prevention of atomic 
war." It is clear to the present time at 
least that science has presented the 
world with an uncontrollable agent of 
destruction. 
For military reasons we have not 
been told much of what took place at 
Bikini. Here is a paragraph describ-
ing the under-water explosion: "Test 
Baker was set for 8:35 a. m. on July 
25, the bomb suspended in the water 
THE ORIENTAL WATCHMAN, MARCH 19.18 
FEARFUL POWER 
DALLAS YOUNG 
edflo 
ACME 
Part of the Elaborate Atom-smashing Equipment of the Westinghouse 
Electric Laboratories. By Such Devices Men Control Awful Power. 
centuries, saw these days and foretold 
that men's hearts would fail them for 
fear. 
The outlook, however, is not wholly 
dark. Jesus gave us the bright side in 
the next verses: "Then shall they see 
the Son of man coming in a cloud with 
power and great glory. And when these 
things begin to come to pass, then look 
up, and lift up your heads; for your 
redemption draweth nigh." Luke 21: 
27, 28. 
The present condition of fear is a 
signpost showing us where we are living 
in relation to the second coming of our 
Lord. We are told to "look up" when 
these things begin to occur—the Lord's 
comina
e' 
 is near. "Your redemption 
draweth nigh." Jesus will fulfil the 
promise He made to His followers so 
long ago—the promise that He would 
come again and receive them unto Him-
self. It is time now to make immediate 
preparation to meet Jesus in peace 
when He comes. A moment of time, as 
it were, remains—why not use it 
wisely in getting ready to meet the 
inevitable? 
below the LSM-60. At the instant of 
detonation a great luminous dome 
welled up from the lagoon, the LSM-60 
perched jauntily on top of it. A pillar 
of water rose a mile in the air and a 
billowing cloud rushed out from its 
base, drenching all but a few of the 
ships with a poisonous radioactive spray. 
Nine ships were sunk and eight serious-
ly damaged." 
We are astounded at a power so 
mighty that it can hurl a shaft of water 
a mile into the sky in the matter of 
seconds. The picture shows great 
battleships anchored nearby as minute 
things in comparison with the huge 
column of water. We are told further 
that if all the ships at Bikini had been 
fully manned, 35.000 people would 
have been killed. Those not killed by 
the explosion itself would have been 
killed by the radioactive spray which 
deluged the ships. 
"On Able Day," according to the 
report, "the ships bore 3,030 rats, 176 
goats, 147 pigs, 109 mice and 57 guinea 
pigs, distributed about the decks, cabins, 
pilot-houses, engine rooms, and gun 
turrets.... As expected, some of the 
animals were killed outright by the 
heat and blast of the Able Day bomb. 
Others died later from the various 
effects of the bomb's radiation: shock, 
internal hemorrhage, and infections 
following the destruction of white blood 
cells. About half of the animals 
survived to be brought back to the U. S. 
laboratories for further study." How-
ever, many of those brought back have 
now died from the effects of radio-
activity. The ships that survived. we 
are told, will be radioactive for years. 
The Elements Dissolve 
The God who created the atom-com-
posed elements which make up this 
earth has foretold their dissolution 
when Christ comes the second time: 
"The day of the Lord will come as a 
thief in the night; in the which the 
heavens shall pass away with a great 
noise, and the elements shall melt with 
fervent heat, the earth also and the works 
that are therein shall be burned up. See-
ing then that all these things shall be dis-
solved, what manner of persons ought 
ye to be in all holy conversation and 
godliness, looking for and hasting unto 
the coming of the day of God, wherein 
the heavens being on fire shall be dis-
solved, and the elements shall melt with 
fervent heat?" 2 Peter 3:10-12. 
It appears from this that the God who 
made the atoms in the beginning will, 
when the time comes. do some "atom-
splitting" Himself. We are living in 
times that are unparalleled in their 
gravity. Jesus, looking down the 
TILE ORIENTAL WATCHMAN, MARCH 1948 
3 
IT NOW seems to be the general belief 
of scientists that the most catas-
trophic effects of an atomic bomb are 
not in the force of its blast, but in the 
destructive qualities of the radioactive 
Particles disseminated by the explosion. 
Some experts in atomic energy have ex-
pressed the opinion that if one hundred 
atomic bombs were to be dropped in the 
middle of Siberia—or a lesser number 
with greater power—the operation 
might well lead to the ultimate destruc-
tion of the entire population of the 
Northern Hemisphere. Radioactive par-
ticles, released in the upper atmos-
phere, would spread for thousands of 
miles, with disastrous consequences to 
people living even at immense distances 
from the scene of the original ex-
plosion. 
Commenting upon this possibility, 
Stephen King-Hall recalls that in the 
1880's a volcanic explosion took place 
in the Dutch East Indies of such enor-
mous intensity that dust therefrom 
travelled over the greater part of the 
world, causing everywhere a magnifi-
cent series of sunsets. "The radioactive 
forces mentioned above," he says, "are 
quite capable of causing the sunset of 
human civilization." 
No one who has studied the effects of 
the atomic blasts at Bikini, Hiroshima, 
and Nagasaki will consider the fore-
going a remote possibility. The fact 
is that man, in his zeal for knowledge 
and his lust for power; has stumbled 
upon a way by which he can destroy 
himself. He has reached out his hand 
and touched the basic secret of the 
universe, and he has discovered that it 
is a dangerous and deadly secret with-
out the knowledge of omniscience and 
the power of omnipotence to con-
trol it. 
Whether or not man will succeed in 
destroying himself, utterly and com-
pletely, is a question openly debated to-
day. The possibility of the depopula-
tion of the globe through the atomic 
fission of carbon or hydrogen, or the 
slow destruction of the human race 
through the dissemination of radioactive 
particles, is one of the grave fears that 
haunt the minds and hearts of men. 
Because of it they are sure that the sun-
set of civilization is at hand. 
Only the Bible can throw light upon 
this dark and dreadful picture. And 
when we turn its sacred pages and 
study its great prophecies, left on record 
"Mr our admonition, upon whom the 
ends of the world are come." we learn 
that, while the last days of human his-
tory will be marked by tremendous up-
heavals and frightful disasters, some of 
them no doubt man-made. the end will 
actually come about not through some 
atomic explosion, but by the revelation 
in glory and power of Jesus Christ. 
This is obvious from the words of the 
Master: "Then shall all the tribes of 
the earth mourn, and thcy JIla11 .7 CC LIIC 
Son of man coming in the clouds of 
heaven with power and great glory." 
Civilization's sun will by that time 
have set and great darkness will cover 
the earth, but there will still be multi-
tudes left to look up into the sky to 
see the returning Christ and mourn be-
cause they are unready to meet Him. 
Among them will be many who have 
remained loyal and true to Him and 
kept themselves "unspotted from the 
world." For these "He shall send His 
angels with a great sound of a trumpet, 
and they shall gather together His elect 
from the four winds, from one end of 
heaven to the other." Matthew 24:30, 
31. 
This will mark "the end of the 
world," in the Biblical meaning of the 
phrase. It will be sunset and night for 
human civilization; but, thank God. for 
all who have loved Him and sought to 
do His will, it will be sunrise and a 
great new day. 
THE SUNSET OF CIVILIZATION 
A. S. MAXWELL 
(1 
Sunset on the Sea. But When the Sun Sets on Present Civilization It Will Not Rise Again. 
THE ORIENTAL WATCHMAN, MARCH 1948