" HE that cannot forgive others," says Lord 
Herbert, " breaks the bridge over which he must 
pass himself; for every man has need to be for-
given." 
J. V. TIDIES, Proprietor. 
" WE HAVE NOT FOLLOWED CUNNINGLY DEVISED FABLES.” 
OFFICE, No. 8 Chardon-street 
WHOLE NO. 655. 
BOSTON; SATURDAY, DECEMBER 3, 1853. 
VOLUME XII. NO. 23. 
Day without Night. 
RY THE REV. JOHN GOOFING, D. D., ENG. 
" AND the nations of them which are saved shall 
walk in the light of it ; and the kings of the earth 
do bring their glory and" honor into it. And the 
gates of it shall not be shut at all by day ; for 
there shall be no night there. And they shall 
bring the glory and honor of the nations into it." 
—Rev. 21:24---26 
THESE words seem to indicate a national exist-
ence during the millennial age. There is noth-
ing necessarily sinful in those tie's, and bonds, 
and affinities that make up what is called a na-
tion. Rule for Christ and obedience in Christ 
—if perfectly developed—would be a noble and 
glorious spectacle. It may, perhaps, be true 
that those divisions and intersections of the great 
family of man, which are found in the age that 
now is, may be of divine origin, and of a destiny 
no less divine. It may be that, instead of being 
dislocated and broken up in the dispensation to 
come, they may be only more thoroughly con-
solidated ; and being pervaded and cemented by 
love and truth, nations may endure in the after-
ages of the earth ; and these shall be testimo-
nies then that national existence is a holy and 
heavenly ordinance—to be purified and perfected, 
not dissolved with frameworks of merely earthly 
origin. 
It' this shall be so, then the New Jerusalem 
shall.be the great metropolis of the earth, repos-
ing in the light and beauty of anunsetting sun, 
and the crowns and sceptres, and thrones, of 
innumerable kings, reflecting the rays of the 
Shekinah, shall give the glory of all they are 
to Him, whose are their thrones,.and for whom 
they rule. Laws . shall then be leaves from the 
tree of life, love • shall he the secret and the 
source of allegiance, and perfect liberty and 
light, the posSession and the enjoyment of all. 
But however possible such national existence 
may be, it is not necessarily implied in the words 
before us. The Greek work ethnos means fre-
quently a multitude, without any implied refer-
ence to organization of any class or kind ; thus, 
we read in the Iliad of Homer, , ethnos etairon, 
a body or number of comrades ; ethnos./aon, a 
multitude of men ; ethnea rnelissaon, swarms of 
bees; • and in harmony with this, we may render 
ei.hnos sozoineno2z, multitudes or . companies of 
the saved. The redeemed will not be a few, nor 
easily counted ; they will be " a great multitude, 
which no man could number." '' The saved " 
are those referred to in Acts 2:47.. " The Lord 
added to the Church daily (tons sozomenons, the 
saved ones, literally) such as should be saved." 
They are saved from the'curse and condemnation 
of sin, by .,the. blood of Jesus ; and from the 
power, dominion, and tyranny of sin, by the 
Holy Spirit of Jesus; from the penal conse-
quences of sin, by the sacrifice of Christ; and 
from the prevalence and predominance of sin, 
by the Spirit of Christ ; and that, too, in the 
future age, perfect, -finally, for ever. 
Their distinguishing possession in salvation—
a salvation received in time and perfected in 
eternity—begun now and consummated in the 
age to come. Its fountain is in God ; " in the 
Lord oar God is the salvation of Israel ;" it is 
through Christ alone. " Neither is there salva-
tion in any other, for there is none other name 
under heaven given among men whereby we 
must be saved." It was announced in Paradise 
—prefigured in sacrifice—proclaimed in prom-
ises—preintiwated in prophecies—portrayed in 
shadows, and types, and ceremonies; " but is 
now made manifest by the appearing of our 
Saviour Jesus Christ," who was raised up its 
" Captain," and is exalted a Prince and a Sav-
iour to bestow it. It comes in grace, and ends 
in glory ; begins in individual hearts, and ter-
minates in multitudes of the saved. It is des-
cribed in Scripture and acknowledged by be-
lievers to be " great," " glorious," " to the 
uttermost," from " generation to generation ;" 
having prophets for its inquirers, and angels for 
its students, and preachers for its advocates, and 
the Scriptures for its channel, and the Sacra-
ments for its seals, and happiness for its issue. 
Saints are chosen and appointed to it before the 
foundation of the world, " are kept through the 
power of God unto it—realize the assurance and 
earnest of it "—" receive it as the end of their 
faith "—rejoice and glory in it ; and, finally, 
constitute together amid the light of the millen-
nial state a great multitude of the saved with 
palms in their hands, saying, Salvation unto our 
God and to the Lamb. These companies of the 
saved will all walk, and thus make progress in 
the light of the New Jerusalem, guided by the 
unerring beams of that glory which originally 
dwelt between the cherubim, now no longer the 
monopoly of a few, but the possession and the 
privilege of a " great multitude which no man 
can number." The Church, which they com-
pose, shall no more be local or national, but 
Catholic, in the strictest sense of that misused 
and perverted word. The whole earth shall be 
filled with the glory of God, and its humblest 
and its highest tenantry shall follow no longer 
the fitful flashes of human passion, or the me-
teor-lights of ill-regulated fancy, nor the guess-
e.; at truth of wavering reason, nor the dim 
lights of patristic or ecclesiastical tradition; but 
the pure and perfect guidance of the Lamb. 
Every province of nature, every path of the 
saved, every work of Providence, or product of 
grace, shall reflect the glory of God, and each 
inmate of that sacred and sublime metropolis 
shall walk, i. e. make progress in the light of it, 
rising evermore on untiring wing to loftier 
heights of knowledge, and drinking ever fresh 
and ever multiplying delight from every new 
Apocalypse of the glories and perfections of 
Him who is King of kings and Lord of lords. 
The kings of the earth, it is here stated, shall 
bring their glory and honor into it. So it was 
/. 
predicted, many hundred years before John, in 
Isa. 60:11: " Therefore thy gates shall be open 
continually, they shall not be shut day nor night, 
that men may bring unto thee the forces of the 
Gentiles, and that their kings may be brought. 
The glory of Lebanon shall come to thee, the 
fir-tree, and the pine-tree, and the box together, 
to beautify the place of my sanctuary, and I 
will make the place of my feetglorious." Again, 
it is written, " The sons of strangers shall build 
up the walls, and their kings shall minister unto 
thee;" and again, " All they from Sheba shall 
come, they shall bring gold and incense;" and 
again it is written, '' Thou shalt also suck the 
milk of the Gentiles, arid shalt suck the breast 
of kings." In Psa. 72 it is also written, " The 
kings of Tarshish and the isles shall bring pres-
ents : the kings of Sheba and Seba shall offer 
gifts. Yea, all things shall fall down before 
him, and all nations shall serve him." And in 
1 Kings 10 : 24, we have a typical picture of 
the splendor of the true Solomon, the king of 
peace: " And all the earth sought to see Solo-
mon, to hear his wisdom, which God had put in 
his heart; and they brought every man his pres-
ent, vessels of silver, and vessels of gold, and 
garments, and armor, and spices, horses, and 
mules ; and the king made silver to be in Jeru-
salem as stones, and cedars made be to be as 
the sycamore trees that are in the vale, for abun-
dance." This prediction of kings consecrating 
their glory in the millennial age, may refer to 
those who are now kings ; that is, who are so 
previous to the millennium, and who shall then 
bring what is their present glory and honor in-
to it. Some such reference seems to be indi-
cated in 1 Cor. 15:24: " Then cometh the end, 
when he shall have delivered up the kingdom to 
God, even the Father; when he shall have put 
down all rule, and authority, and power; for he 
must reign till he hath put all enemies under his 
feet. The last enemy that shall be destroyed is 
Death." We must, of course, understand by the 
expression, " they shall bring their glory and 
honor into it "—not any earthly royalty, adding 
one ray to the splendor, or one atom to the mag-
nificence of the New Jerusalem, for this is im-
possible. They derive all their glory from it. 
But in the same way as we give glory and hon-
or to God, by acknowledging all we have to be 
the borrowed reflection of his beneficence, and 
requiring to be devoted to him as its legitimate 
and proper use; so these kings and nations shall 
see all they are and possess in the light of the 
New Jerusalem, and shall trace on every hon-
or, and blessing, and power, with which they 
have been endowed, the superscription of the 
Lamb, slain from the foundation of the world, 
and lift up to him alone ceaseless praise, as the 
author, and owner, and sovereign bestower of 
all. They will sing in their songs, " These 
crowns which we wear derive all their lustre, 
and these sceptres which we wield their Sway, 
and these thrones on which we sit their strength 
and stability, from Thee, who art the Prince of 
the kings of the earth. These flowers receive 
from thee their existence, their fragrance from thy 
breath, and their tints from thy smiles ; and these 
gems are beautiful because thou lookest on them, 
and this scene is so glorious because thou art in 
it." All, above, around, below, will be luminous 
with the light of the Lamb. These redeemed 
ones will sing with new voices David's song, 
in 1 Chron 29:10: " Blessed be thou, Lord God 
of Israel our Father, for ever and ever. Thine, 
0 Lord, is the greatness, and the power, and the 
glory, and the victory, and the majesty ; for all 
that is in the heavens, and in the earth, is thine ; 
thine is the kingdom, 0 Lord; and thou art ex-
alted as head above all. Both riches and hon-
or come of thee, and thou reignest over all ; 
and in thine hand it is to make great, and to 
give strength unto all. Now therefore, our God, 
we thank thee, and praise thy glorious name." 
It is also added in this beautiful vision of the 
future glory, " And the gates of it shall not be 
shut at all by day," or as it is predicted in Isaiah, 
" Thy gates shall be open continually, they shall 
not be shut day nor night." According to the 
usage and idiom of ancient times, open gates 
were the recognized symbols of the existence of 
national peace; and shut gates, the established 
and felt evidence of the outbreak of war. Thus 
Ovid describes the heathen heaven as being ap-
ertis valvis, with open gates; i. e. in a state of 
perpetual peace. So also Oxsar says, portas 
clauserunt, they shut the gates, or declared war. 
This New Jerusalem, therefore, into which all 
kings bring their glory, will exist in perpetual 
peace : perfect peace within, and unbroken peace 
without.. There will be no bulwarks, for there 
will be no possibility of assault. There will be 
no soldiers, for swords will have been turned in-
to ploughshares, and spears into pruning-hooks, 
and the nations will learn war no more. Thus 
perfect light and perpetual peace shall embosom 
the apocalyptic city, and gladden the risen and 
redeemed saints who constitute its inhabitants. 
(To be continued.) 
The Dead. 
I. 
THE dead ! the dead ! 
What perfumes on our souls they shed, 
Whcn'er their hallowed memories come, 
Like breezes from some garden-bed 
That bloomed beside our childhood's home—
Yet, all ! like perfumes are they fled! 
The dead! the dead! 
The dead! the dead! 
Their voices whisper as we tread 
The forest's depths where Nature's tones 
Are sounded gently overhead. 
In strains of birds and zephyr's moans, 
Repeating loving words they said— 
The dead ! the dead! 
IIL 
The dead! the dead! 
Their counsels, full of love, are read 
On fibrous leaves, and rippled streams ; 
Their smiles are seen where flowerets wed 
Its brightest garb the blushing beams, 
Above their silent earthly bed— 
The dead! the dead! 
IT. 
The dead ! the dead! 
Alas ! how oft our hearts have bled 
To think of them as early lost, 
The summer's richest fruits had shed 
Its blessings in the place of frost 
Upon each dearly cherished head— 
The dead ! the dead! 
V. 
The dead ! the dead! 
What sorrows in our hearts are bred, 
When standing in the crowded place, 
Where on the marble slab are read 
Familiar names we love to trace, 
Whose web of life hath lost each thread— 
The dead! the dead! 
The dead ! the dead! 
By them our weary thoughts are led 
At daylight's close to yonder shore, 
Where we shall meet them, when are sped 
Te moments that return no more 
To bid us weep in tears oft shed— 
The dead! the dead! 
Death Warrant of Jesus Christ. 
OF the many interesting relics of antiquity 
which have been brought to light by the perse-
vering researches of modern philosophy, none 
could have been more interesting to the philan-
thropist and believer, than the one we publish 
below. " Chance," says the Courier des Etats 
Unis, "has just put into our hands the most im-
posing and interesting judicial document to all 
Christians that has ever been recorded in human 
annals;" that is, the identical Death Warrant 
of our Lord Jesus Christ. The document was 
faithfully transcribed by the editor in these 
words : 
Sentence rendered by Pontius Pilate, Acting 
Governor of Lower Galilee, stating that Jesus 
of Nazareth shall suffer death on the cross, 
In the year seventeen of the Emperor Tiberi-
us Caesar, and the 27th day of March, the city 
of the holy Jerusalem, Annas and Caiaphas 
being priests sacrafiscators of the people of God. 
Pontius Pilate, Governor of Lower Galilee, sit-
ting in the Presidential Chair of the Pnetory, 
condemns Jesus of Nazareth to die on the cross 
between two thieves—the great and notorious 
evidence of the people saying: 
Jesus is a seducer. 
He is seditious. 
He is the enemy of law. 
He calls himself falsely the Son of God. 
He calls himself falsely the King of Israel. 
He entered into the temple, followed by a 
multitude, bearing palm trees in their hands. 
Orders the first Centurion, Quillius Cornelius, 
to lead him to the place of execution. 
Forbids any persons whomsoever, either poor 
or rich, to oppose the death of Jesus. 
The witnesses who signed the condemnation 
of Jesus are- 
Daniel Robani, a Paradise. 
Joannus Rorabable. 
Raphael Robani, 
Capet, a citizen. 
Jesus shall go out of the city of Jerusalem 
by the gate of Struenus. 
The above sentence is engraved on a copper 
plate ; on one side are written these words :—" A 
similar plate is sent to each tribe." It was 
found in an antique vase, of white marble, while 
excavating in the ancient city of Aquilla, in the 
kingdom of Naples, in the year 1810, and was 
discovered by the Commissioners of Arts of the 
French armies. At the expedition of Naples it 
was inclosed in a box of ebony, as the sacristy 
of the Chartem. The French translation was 
made by the commissioners of Arts. The origi-
nal is in the Hebrew language. 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
.1131e=4722=ZZ:172N1 
386 
THE ADVENT HERALD. 
(Continued from our last.) 
Chronological Table 
OF EVENTS CONNECTED WITH THE PAPACY. 
TIIF FOVRTII TitUlk1PET.--RISE OF THE TENTH. HORN. 
476.----Tar this year„ °cloaca., the leader of the 
Herulo-Thuringi, advanced into Rome, dethroned 
Auerastulus, put an. end to the Western Empire, 
and was proclaimed king of Italy.. They main-
tained an independent kingdom there, till con-
quered by Theodoric in 493. 
Odoacer was the leader of several barbarian 
auxiliary tribes that had been in subjection to 
the Huns till the death of Attila in 453. They 
comprised the Heruli, Rugi, Scirri, &c..„ who 
had come to the south from the mouth of the 
Oder. After the death of Attila, "a, part of 
their forces desiring adventures, marched to 
Italy in the service of the Emperor, but when a 
propitious opportunity occurred, these mercena-
ries became conquerors and masters. Odoacer, 
their self-elected leader, ruled as king over 
Rome and Italy.. . . Italy was unfortunate 
under his sceptre, and he himself succumbed, 
after a reign of fourteen years, to the attack of 
Theodoric, the king of the Eastgoths."-Rot-
teck's Hist. World,. v. 2, p.. 47. 
With the conquest of Rome by the Heruli, 
the imperial government of the West was termi-
nated. Ten independent kingdoms were in ex, 
istence in its territory ; and the whole of the 
Western Empire was possesserlby thebarbarians, 
with the exception of a portion of Gaul, and of 
Thus " the third part of the sun was smitten, 
and the third part of the moon, and the third 
part of the stars ; so that the third part of them 
was darkened, and the day shone not for a third 
part of it, and the night in like manner."-Rev. 
8:12.. 
477.-The Emperor Zeno, who had been 
driven from his throne by Basiliscus, having 
been secreted about eighteen months, suddenly 
appeared, and " putting himself at the head of 
what troops he could assemble, bent his march 
straight to Constantinople," and recovered his 
throne.-Bower, v. 1. p. 265. 
" The great revolution that happened in the 
state, was attended with a no less remarkable 
revolution in the Church."-Ib. p. 265. 
" Zeno no sooner found himself replaced on 
the throne, than he wrote to Simplicius, return-
ing him thanks for the zeal and steadiness with 
which he had, in conjunction with Acacius, op-
posed Basiliscus. In the same letter he assures 
the Pope, that he has brought with him to the 
throne a firm resolution to abolish the Eutychian 
heresy, to exterminate all who profess it, to 
cause the Council of Chalcedon to be received 
by all, and to restore Salophacialus to the see 
of Alexandria. The Pope, in his answer, dated 
the 9th of October, congratulates Zeno on his 
restoration, approves and commends the godly 
resolution he had taken to extirpate all who 
were infected with the Eutychian heresy, and 
begs him not only to drive out YEturus, and re-
store Salophacialus, but to condemn to perpetual 
banishment all who had been ordained by the 
foriner."-lb. p. 265. 
" The news of Zeno's restoration no sooner 
reached the provinces, than bishops flocked from 
all parts to Constantinople, to assure him of 
their attachment to his interest, and the faith he 
professed, the faith of Chalcedon."-Ib. p. 265. 
" A council was convened without delay, and, 
by all who composed it, the doctrine of Euty-
ches was anathematized and condemned ; Paul 
of Ephesus, and Full° of Antioch, the abettors 
of that heresy, were excommunicated and de-
posed ; the symbol or decree of Chalcedon was 
received as the only rule and standard of the 
Christian faith, concerning the Incarnation ; and 
the same curses were now pronounced, nay, and 
by the same persons, against all, who did not re-
ceive it as such, that had been pronounced but a 
few months before, against all who did."-lb. 
p. 266. 
This sudden revolution and change of affairs, 
though not unforeseen, affected iEturus to such a 
degree, that he died this year at Alexandria."-
lb. p. 266. 
The Eutychian bishop of Antioch being de-
posed, and a new one chosen, the two parties 
there were so exasperated against each other, 
that the Emprror, apprehensive of the disturb-
ances that would infallibly attend the ordaining 
of a new bishop in that city, commanded Acacius 
to perform the ceremony at Constantinople."-
lb. p. 266. 
It was feared that the Pope might take um-
brage at such an ordination. " For though an 
entire harmony reigned at this time between 
Rome and Constantinople, yet the bishop of 
Rome, still looking upon his brother of Con-
stantinople as his rival in power, kept a watch-
ful eye over him, lest he should any ways im-
prove the present disturbances to the advance-
ment of his see. To prevent " this, " both the 
Emperor and Acacius wrote to Simplicius, ac-
quainting him with it, and at the same time with 
the reasons that had obliged them to dispense 
L
with the ancient practice. The Emperor, in his 
letter, even condescended' to promise, with a 
kind of oath; that the patriarch of Antioch 
should, for the future, be ordained as usual by 
the bishops of his diocese."-/b.' p. 266. 
482.-John Talaia, a presbyter of Alexan-
dria,. being ordained bishop of that see, Acacius 
the bishop of Constantinople, persuaded the Em-
peror to depose him, and place in his room one 
Mongus, who had been condemned by the Pope, 
who was greatly offended by his elevation. 
In this year the Emperor Zeno wrote his fa-
mous HENOTICON, " which in his reign, and in 
that of Anastasius, was signed by all the bishops 
of the East, under the penalty of degradation 
and exile, if they rejected or infringed this salu- 
tary and fundamental law The smallest 
blemish has not been described by the jealous, 
and even the jaundiced eyes of our orthodox 
schoolmen , and it accurately represents the Catho-
lic faith of the incarnation, without adopting or 
disclaiming the peculiar terms or tenets of the 
hostile sects."-Gibbon, v. 3, p. 261. 
483.-Simplicius dies, and Felix II. is elected 
Pope. The deposed Talaia (see A. D. 482) in-
duced the new Pope to take part with him against 
Mongus, his successor in the see of Alexandria, 
and Acacius, bishop of Constantinople, by whose 
influence Mongus had been placed in -Talaia's see. 
The Pope sent legates to Constantinople, who 
were arrested and imprisoned by the Emperor. 
They recover their liberty by communicating 
with,Acacius and Mongus, and return to Rome, 
where the Pope refuses to receive them.-Bower, 
pp. 272-274. 
484.-The Pope assembled a council of sixty-
seven bishops, in Rome. They condemned the 
legates for communicating with Acacius and 
Mongus, excommunicated Mongus anew, and 
then tried and condemned Acacius, bishop of 
Constantinople.-Ib. p. 274. 
When Acacius learned what the Pope had 
done, " he in his turn anathematized him, cut 
him off from his communion, and ordered his 
name to be struck out of the diptychs."-.8. p. 
276. 
" The conduct of Acacius was approved not 
only by the Emperor, and the whole Church of 
Constantinople, three abbots excepted, and some 
of their monks, but by almost all the bishops in 
the East, even by Andreas of Thessalonica, at 
that time the Pope's Vicar for east Illyricum. 
They all joined Acacius, and together with him, 
separated themselves from the communion of 
the Pope, and of such as communicated with 
him, that is, of all their brethren in the West. 
Such was the rise, and such the occasion, of the 
first general schism, a schism that continued for 
the space of thirty-five years, between the East 
and the West, between the Latin and Greek 
Churches."-lb. p. 276. 
" For accepting the communion of Alexan-
dria, without a formal approbation of the same 
synod, the Patriarchs of Constantinople were 
anathematized by the Popes. Their inflexible 
despotism involved the most orthodox of the 
Greek churches in this spiritual contagion, de-
nied or doubted the validity of their sacraments, 
fomented, thirty-five years, the schism of the 
East and West, till they finally abolished the 
memory of four Byzantine pontiffs, who had 
dared to oppose the supremacy of St. Peter. 
Before that period, the precarious truce of Con-
stantinople and Egypt had been violated by the 
zeal of the rival prelates. Macedonius, who was 
suspected of the Nestorian heresy, asserted, in 
disgrace and exile, the synod of Chalcedon, while 
the successor of Cyril would have purchased its-
overthrow with a bribe of two thousand pounds 
of gold."-Gibbon, v. 3, p. 261. 
485.-" All communion and correspondence 
between the East and the West being entirely 
broken off, the Empreor, to maintain concord 
and unity among the bishops in his dominions, 
issued an order, commanding all, without dis-
tinction, to be deposed, as disturbers of the pub-
lie peace, who should refuse to sign the Henoti-
con, or to communicate with the roost holy arch-
bishops of Constantinople and Alexandria. With 
this order the far greater part readily complied.; 
and the few who did not, were, pursuant to the 
Emperor's order, deposed, driven from their sees, 
and sent into exile ; insomuch that in the term 
of a few months there was not a single bishop to 
be found in the whole East, who had not written 
letters of communion to Mongus and Acacius, 
and thereby renounced the communion of Rome." 
-Bower, v. 1, p. 277. 
489.-Acacius, the Bishop of Constantinople 
died, and Flavitas was chosen in his room. 
" He wrote a flattering letter to the Pope, beg-
ging his communion, and owning St. Peter to 
be the first of the apostles, to be the foundation-
stone of the true faith, and the Pope to hold the 
faith which was held, taught, and preached by 
that apostle." The Emperor also wrote the Pope, 
recommending Flavitas.-Ib. p. 278. 
These letters were despatched by some eccle-
siastics to Rome. " They were received by that 
church with the greatest demonstration of joy.. 
Felix [the Pope] was fully satisfied with the let-
ters they brought ; and nothing now seemed to 
remain, that could obstruct an entire reconcilia-
tion between the two churches. But while the 
Pope was upon the point of concluding it, by 
admitting Fravitas to his communion, he un-
luckily bethought himself to ask the deputies, 
whether the new bishop had yet erased the name 
of Acacius from the diptychs." The deputies 
having no instruction on this point, the Pope 
wrote back to the Emperor and Bishop, making 
the erasure of the name of Acacias " an indis-
pensable preliminary to the proposed and wished 
for union between the two sees."-lb. p. 278. 
490.-Fravitas died before the return of the 
deputies, and Euphemius " a most zealous de-
fender of the Catholic faith," was elected Bishop 
of Constantinople. The sincere desire he had 
of seeing concord and unity reign in the Church, 
prompted him, as soon as he was ordained, to 
replace in the diptychs, the name of Felix, 
which had been struck out by Acacias ; to trans-
mit to Rome a confession of his faith, and to 
beg the Pope, as he tendered the welfare of the 
Catholic Church, to admit him to his commun-
ion, and by that means put an end to so danger-
ous a schism."-Th. p. 279. 
Pope " Felix received his letters, owned his 
faith to be truly orthodox ; but peremptorily 
refused to communicate with him, or his church, 
so long as the names of Acacius, whom he had 
deposed, and Fravitas, whom he had not acknowl-
edged, were kept in the diptychs."-Ib. p. 279. 
Euphemius " not thinking the communion of 
Rome worth purchasing at so dear a rate, for-
bore, so long as Felix lived, all farther attempts 
towards a reconciliation between the two sees." 
-lb. p. 279. 
" The Bishop of Rome . . . and his brethren 
in the West, entirely agreed, in po:nt of doc-
trine and faith, with the Bishop of Constantino-
ple, and those of his party; and the only subject 
of the quarrel between them was whether the 
name of Acacius (for that of Fravitas was soon 
dropped) should be kept in, or struck out of the 
diptychs."-ib. p. 279. 
491.-" In the height of these disturbances 
and divisions Zeno died in April 491 and Anas-
tasius was chosen -to succeed him-promising 
upon oath to take the council of Chalcedon for 
the rule of his belief."-p. 279. 
" On the decease of' Zeno, Ariadne, the daugh-
ter, the mother, and the widow of an Emperor, 
gave her hand and the imperial title to Anasta-
sins, an aged domestic of the palace, who sur-
vived his elevation above twenty-seven years, 
and whose character is attested by, the acclama-
tion of the people, Reiguas you have lived !' " 
-Gibbon, vol. 3, p. 3. 
" As Justinian was attached to the Eutychian 
party, the Patriarch Euphemius 'perseveringly. 
refused to give him the imperial crown until he 
had promised on oath to preserve the Catholic 
faith, and to make no change in religion. From 
that period we find the Patriarch, and sometimes 
even the bishops, summoned to political councils 
on many important occasions, principally at the 
election of Emperors. The Patriarch's consent 
was considered necessary for the coronation, a 
function which he never performed until they 
had sworn to preserve the orthodox faith, and to 
maintain the peace of the churches."-Gosselin 
on the " Power of the Pope," v. 1, p. 17273.- 
" Since the reign of Theodosius the Great 
several imperial constitutions had disqualified 
heretics for all offices and for all civil. rights. 
This enactment had been applied successively to 
the different heretical sects, and especially to 
the Eutychians, whose doctrines Anastasius had 
professed before his election to the empire." 
lb. p. 173, 
" Anastasius was himself strongly inclined to 
the doctrine of Eutyches ; but nevertheless began 
his reign with granting liberty of conscience to 
all his subjects; it being unworthy of a Chris-
tian Emperor, as he declared in his edict for 
toleration, to trouble or persecute any who, to-
gether with him, adored Christ."-Bower, v. 1, 
p. 280. 
The Pope, Felix, was no sooner informed of 
the death of Zeno, and the promotion of Anas-
tasius, than he wrote to the new Emperor, to 
congratulate him on his accession to the crown ; 
for he did not doubt, as he expressed himself 
in his letter, but the authority of so religious 
a prince would prove as advantageous to the 
Church, and the true faith, as that of his prede-
cessor had been prejudicial to both. , Of' this 
letter the Emperor took no notice. But Felix 
did not live long enough to know what receptioh 
it met with."-Ib. p. 280. 
492.-Pope Felix died, and in his place Ge-
lasius was chosen Pope. He proved to be as 
intractable as Felix, and no progress was made 
during his pontificate towards healing the schism.. 
ONE OF THE TEN KINGDOMS PLUCKED UP. 
493,-The Heruli, the last of ten kingdoms 
which arose in the Roman territory, and subverted 
the Western Empire in A. D. 476, were this year 
conquered by the Ostrogoths (see A. D. 453); and 
now, " from the Alps to the extremity of Cala-
bria, Theodoric reigned by the right of conquest ; 
the Vandal ambassadors surrendered the island 
of Sicily as a lawful appendage of his kingdom; 
and he was accepted as the deliverer of Rome 
by the senate and people, who had shut their 
gates against the flying usurper.. Ravenna alone, 
secure in the fortifications of art and nature, 
still sustained a siege of almost three years and 
the daring sallies, of Odoacer carried slaughter 
and dismay into the Gothic camp. At length, 
destitute of provisions and hopeless of relief, 
that unfortunate monarch. yielded to the groans 
of his subjects and the clamors of' hie soldiers. 
A treaty of peace was negotiated by the Bishop 
of Ravenna ; the'Ostrogoths were admitted into 
the city, and the hostile kings consented, under 
the sanction of an oath, to rule with equal and. 
undivided authority the provinces of Italy. The 
event of such an agreement may be easily fore-
seen. After some days had been devoted to the 
semblance of joy and friendship, Odoacer, in the 
midst of a solemn banquet, was stabbed by the 
hand, or at least by the command, of his rival. 
Secret and effectual orders had been previously 
despatched; the faithless and rapacious merce-
naries, at the same moment, and without resist-
ance, were universally massacred ; and the royal-
ty of Theodorie was proclaimed by the Goths, 
with the tardy, reluctant, ambiguous consent of 
the Emperor of the East."-Gibbon, v. 3, p. 6. 
The conquest of the Heruli was accomplished 
by Theodoric, by the special permission of 
the Emperor of Constantinople. Theodoric ad-
dressed the Emperor Zeno in the following 
words : 
Although your servant is maintained in af-
fluence by your liberality, graciously listen to 
the wishes of my heart ! Italy, the inheritance 
of your predecessors, and Rome itself, the head 
and mistress of the world, now fluctuate under 
the violence and oppression of Odoacer the mer-
cenary. Direct me, with my national troops, 
to march against the tyrant. If I fall, you will 
be relieved from an expensive and troublesome 
friend : if, with the Divine permission, I suc-
ceed, I shall govern' in your name, and to your 
glory, the Roman senate, and the part of the 
republic delivered from slavery by my victorious 
arms.' The proposal of Theodoric was accepted, 
and perhaps had been suggested by the Byzan-
tine court. .But the forms of the commission or 
grant appear to have been expressed with a pru-
dent ambiguity, which might be explained by the 
event ; and it was left doubtful whether the con-
queror of Italy should rein as the lieutenant, 
the vassal, or the ally of the Emperor of the 
East.".-/b. v. 3, pp. 4, 5. 
Theodoric was an Arian, but protected and 
def6nded the Catholic Church. " Satisfied with 
the private toleration of his Arian sectaries, he 
justly conceived himself to be the guardian 'of 
the fablie worship, and his external reverence 
for aiseperstition which he despised, may have 
nourished in his mind the salutary influence cf 
a -statesman • or philosopher. The Catholics of 
his dominions acknowledged, perhaps with re-
luctance, the peace of the church; their clergy, 
according to the degrees of rank or merit, were 
honorably entertained in the palace of Theodoric. 
. . . . With the protection, Theodoric assumed 
the legal supremacy of the Church ; and his firm 
administration restored or extended sonic useful 
prerogatives which had been neglected by the 
feeble Emperors of the West."-Gibbon's Dec. 
and Fall of Rome, v. 3, p. 14. 
494.-The Emperor Anastasius openly de-
clared against the Council of Chalcedon, and 
spared no pains to gain over to his party such of 
the bishops as- defended it.-Bower, v. 1, p. 291. 
496.-Gelasius died, and Anastasius, the sec-
ond of that name, was chosen Pope. 
496.-Clovis, king of the Franks, is converted 
to the Catholic faith. " Till the thirtieth year 
of his age, Clovis continued to worship the gods 
of his ancestors. . . . . On the memorable day, 
when Clovis ascended from the baptismal font, 
he alone, in the Christian world, deserved the 
name and prerogatives of a Catholic king. . . . 
The eldest, or rather the only son of the Church, 
was acknowledged by the clergy as their lawful 
sovereign, or glorious deliverer; and the arms 
of Clovis were strenuously supported by the zeal 
and favor of the Catholic faetion."-Gibbon, 
v. 2, p. 412. 
496.-Clovis, king of the Franks subdued 
the Alemanni, and they ceased to exist as a na-
tion. The seat of its power had been in Ger-
many, outside of the old Roman territory ; but 
at various times they had encroached within its 
borders, and held temporary possession. "When 
the migration of the northern tribes began they 
were among the hordes that overran Gaul. They 
spread along the whole western side of the Rhine, 
and, in the latter half of the fifth century,. over 
all Helvetia "--a country in Switzerland be-
tween the upper waters of the Rhine and Rhone 
Gibbon
.-E nAm 
says of, them 
rivers.-En. 
" The northern parts of Helvetia bad indeed 
been subdued by the ferocious Alemanni. . . . . 
From the source of the Rhine, to its conflux 
with the Mayne and Moselle, the formidable 
swarms of the Alemanni commanded either side 
Britain. 
387 
II 
In the night the Bishop was seized and ban-
ished; the mob was kept down by the troops, 
and one Timotheus was installed as bishop on 
the day following.-Bower, v. 1, p. 305. 
The Emperor, now having the. Patriarch on 
his side, next attempted an alteration in the 
public service of the Church. To the Trisagion, 
" Holy God, Holy Mighty, Holy Immortal, 
have mercy upon us ;" which had been used by 
the Church to declare her faith in the Trinity, 
he added the words, " Who was crucified for us." 
This divided the city into two parties. The Eue 
tychians sang it with the addition, and the or-
thodox without. " From singing they came to 
blows; and many battles were fought, not only 
in the streets, and the squares, but in the churches 
themselves, where the service seldom ended with-
out bloodshed and murders."-Bower, v. 1, p. 
306. 
506.-The Visigoths, who were established in 
Gaul and Spain in 419, were driven out of the 
former, into the latter this year, when they con-
quered from the Suevi a portion of their posses-
sions. In 585 they extended their power over 
the whole of the Spanish Peninsula.-Isidor. 
Chron. pp. 716-732. 
Spain is now properly the representative of 
this horn. • 
508.-The two parties at Constantinople " be-
ing furiously engaged on a day of public thanks-
giving,"-each in singing the Trisagion in their 
own way, " an army of monks unexpectedly ap-
peared, armed with clubs and stones "-singing 
it without the addition. They wreaked their 
vengeance on the Eutychians, who were driven 
from the city and their houses plundered. 10,000 
of the Eutychians were murdered in the streets 
of Constantinople.-Bower, v. 1, p. 306. 
The Emperor fled from the city; " at the end 
of three days he dared to implore the mercy of 
iris subjects. Without the diadem and in the 
posture' of a suppliant Anastasius appeared on 
the throne of' the circus. The Catholics, before 
his face, rehearsed their genuine Trisagion ; they 
exulted in the offer which he proclaimed by the 
voice of a herald, of abdicating the purple .. 
and they accepted the blood, of two unpopular 
ministers, whom their master, without hesitation, 
condemned to the lions."-Gibbon, vol. 3, p. 
262. 
512.-The orthodox bishops of the East shocked 
at the disorders which were daily committed. re-
solved to recur to the Pope, for assistance ; for 
the Emperor " forgetful of his promise, began 
anew to persecute, and under various pretences, 
to drive from their sees, all who did not anathema-
tize the council of Chalcedon."-Bower, p. 308. 
The Pope would not interfere for them while 
the name of Acacius was in the diptychs. The 
Catholics of the East still refusing to erase his 
nante, " Symmachus concerned himself no more 
with the affairs of the East ; but, leaving the Or-
thodox there to shift for themselves, in the best 
manner they could,: applied himself to the re-
storing of ecclesiastical discipline in the West." 
-Ib. p. 308. 
514.-Symmachus died, and Hormisdas was 
elected Pope. " He had not been long in pos-
session of his see, when to his great joy and sur-
prise, he received a letter from the Emperor." 
-Bower, v. 1, p. 310. 
ing informed that the opposite party had prevailed 1 
in the end, and that Symmachus was in quiet 
possession of the disputed see." he was so piqued 
that, " forgetful of' his dignity he wrote an in-
vective against the new Pope," to which the 
Pope_ contemptuously replies.-elb. p: 304. 
503.--" The Pope held another council at 
Rome, to confirm the acts of the council that 
had absolved him, and restored him to his dig-
nity."-Ib. p. 405. 
At this council was read an apology for the 
former one, by Ennodius, Bishop of Pavia, in 
which was advanced the assertion, that " the 
Bishop of Rome is subject to.no earthly tribunal" 
-styling him, " JUDGE IN THE PLACE OF GOD, 
AND VICEGERENT OF THE MOST HIGH." This 
" apology," by the command of the Pope, and 
with- the unanimous consent of the bishops," 
was "'placed among the decrees of the apostolic 
see "-to be " held as one of them."-Dowling 
Hist. Rom. p. 50 ; Gieseler, v. 1, p. 339 ; Bower 
Hist. Popes, v. 1, p. 305, 
504.-The Emperor Anastasius, ordered his 
bishops to receive the Henoticon, (see A. D. 482) 
and to anathematize the council of Chalcedon 
and the doctrine of the two natures. Macedo-
nius, the Bishop of Constantinople refused to 
comply. ,The Emperor proceeded to violence, 
and the mob defended the bishop, and threat-
ened to depose the Emperor.--Bower, v. 1, p. 
305. 
514.-Vitaleanus, by birth a Scythian, and 
commander-in-chief of the imperial cavalry, be-
ing animated with the zeal which prevailed at 
this time among the Orthodox, and touched with 
compassion for the exiled bishops, took up arms 
in their defence ; and . ... made himself master 
without opposition, of Thrace, Scythia, and I1-
interest at Rome, in favor of Laurentius. " Be- lyric, and advanced at the head of a numerous 
of the river, by the right of ancient possession or 
recent victory. They had spread themselves 
into Gaul over the modern provinces of Alsace 
[a tract on the river Rhine, of which the present 
city of Strasburg is the centre,] and Lorraine [a 
tract on the Rhine, north of Alsace to the Mo-
selle river,] and their bold invasion of the king-
dom of Cologne [also on the Rhine] summoned. 
the Salie prince to the defence of the Ripuarian 
allies. Clovis [in 496] encountered the invaders 
of Gaul in the plain of Talbiac about twenty-
four miles from Cologne ; and the two fiercest 
nations of Germany were mutually animated by 
the memory of past exploits, and the prospect of 
future greatness. The Franks, after an obstinate 
,struggle gave way ; and the Alemanni, raising 
a shout of victory, impetuously pressed their re-
treat. But the battle was restored by the valor, 
the conduct, and perhaps the piety of Clovis ; 
and the event of the bloody day decided for ever 
the alternative of empire or servitude. The last 
king of the Alemanni was slain in the field, and 
his people were slaughtered and pursued till 
they threw down their arms and yielded to the 
mercy of the conqueror. Without .discipline it 
was impossible for them to rally ; they had con-
temptuously demolished the walls and fort ifica-
tions which might have protected their distress: 
and they were followed into the heart of their 
forests, by an enemy not less active or intrepid 
than themselves The Gallic territories 
which were possessed by the Alemanni, became 
the prize of their conqueror ; and the haughty 
nation, invincible, or rebellious, to the arms. of 
Rome acknowledged the sovereignty of the Me-
rovingian kings, who graciously permitted them 
to enjoy their peculiar manners and institutions 
under the government of official, and at length 
of hereditary dukes. After the conquest of the 
western provinces, the Franks alone maintained 
their ancient habitations beyond [i. e., east of] 
the Rhine. They gradually subdued and civil-
ized the exhausted countries as far as the Elbe, 
and the mountains of Bohemia ; and the peace 
of Europe was secured by the obedience of Ger-
many. "-Tv. 2, pp, 410, 411. 
" Some of their tribes settled in Rhmtia [the 
south part of the present kingdom of Prussia, 
east of the Rhine on the rivers inn and Aidge] 
under the protection of Theodoric [king of the 
Ostrogoths] whose successors ceded the colony 
and their country to the grandson of Clovis."-
Note Gib. v. 2, p. 411. 
497.-The Pope Anastasius, wrote to the Em-
peror Anastasius, begging that the name of 
Acacius be dropped from the diptychs, and sent 
legates into the East.-Bower, v. 1, p. 293. 
The legates are well received by the Emperor, 
who thinks the Pope ought to let Aeacius' name 
remain with those who had held the office of 
bishop; the Pope is disposed to yield, but dies. 
--lb. p. 293. 
598.--Pope Anastasius died ; and his death 
" was attended: with a great schism in the Ro-
man Church." Symmachus, and Laurentius, 
were each chosen, as his successor on the same 
day. The Senate, people, and clergy were di-
vided between the two candidates. To put an 
end to the dispute, both parties referred the ease 
to Theodoric, the Arian king of the Ostrogoths. 
He decided that the one first ordained, or who 
obtained the most votes, should be recognized as 
Pope. " Both these circumstances concurred in 
favor of Symmachus, who, was thereupon de-
clared lawful Pope, and placed by the king's 
order on the Papal chair."-Bower, v. 1, p. 296. 
500.--The Pope, Symmachus, " was charged 
with several heinous crimes by zealous partizans 
of Laurentius„ and witnesses were sent to make 
the charge good, before the king at Ravenna." 
-Ib. p. 296. 
" No Catholic prince ever showed greater 
concern for the welfare of the Church, than this 
Goth."---/b. p. 300 
501.-" Theodoric summoned all the bishops 
in his dominions to meet at Rome, in order to ex-
amine the charge brought against Symmachus," 
The Pope, pleading that his life would. be endan-
gered it' he ventured abroad., refused to be pres-
ent at the council, though thrice summoned. 
The king was appealed to, to oblige the Pope to 
appear at the council. The king answered that 
'' he would not meddle with ecclesiastical mat-
ters, but left them to be settled by the holy bish-
ops, to whose judgment and decisions he should 
always pay the greatest regard."-/b. p. 301. 
The council then " acquitted Symmachus from 
all the crimes' laid to his charge, without so 
much as hearing those who accused him." The 
enemies of the Pope still clamored for a new 
p. 301. 
502.-Symmachus " held a great council at 
Rome, consisting of eighty bishops, thirty-seven 
presbyters, and four deacons. In this council 
was read, examined, and declared null, the 
law," made a few years before " in the name of 
Odoacer " and which made the consent of the 
sovereign necessary to the election of a Pope.- 
lb 303. 
 
The Emperor Anastasius, had employed his 
army of Bulgarians and Huns, to the very gates 
of Constantinople."-/b. p. 310. 
" In this pious rebellion, he depopluated 
Thrace, besieged Constantinople, and extermi-
nated sixty-fiVe thousand of his fellow-Chris= 
tiana, till he obtained the re-call of the bishops, 
the satisfaction of the Pope, and the establish-
ment of the council of Chalcedon."-Gibbon, v. 
3. p. 263. 
Schamyl the Circassian Chief. 
IT IS almost certain that the Circassians will 
take an active part in any war accepted by Tur-
key against Russia,. and it is as certain that in 
such an event we shall hear of daring exploits 
on the part of Schamyl, their brave chief'. We 
have every reason to believe that Schamyl has 
succeeded in bringing about a defensive union 
between all the tribes of the Caucasus, and that 
he possesses their unrestricted confidence. Some 
accounts represent him as being almost an idol, 
and the people as imagining him to have a 
charmed life. Their enthusiasm, indeed may 
well have been stirred by his past career. 
The first time we hear of Schamyl is in 1832. 
In that year a devout Mussulman, Kasi-Mollah, 
held a chief' command in the bands of Lesghians, 
Tchetchentzes, and the other tribes of the east-
ern chain, and the steppes abutting on the Cas-
pian and traversed by the Koisu. Kasi-Mollah's 
reputation for sanctity was greater than that 
which he acquired for the higher military quali-
ties, although a dashing leader, and individually 
one of the bravest of the brave. He was brought 
to bay in 1832 by General Rosen, at a place 
called Gumri. Encircled on all sides, almost 
the last scrap of food devoured, nothing remain-
ing in the opinion of Kasi-Mollah and about 
thirty of'. his most zealous disciples, but to hew 
for themselves a path through the Russian bay-
onets, to freedom or to Paradise-either alterna-
tive a welcome one ! This resolution finally 
taken, they suddenly emerged from the fastness 
they could no longer hold, and burst upon the 
Russian troops with the shock of an avalanche, 
and the furious discordant yells of a troop of 
madmen. For one or two brief' moments it 
seemed that they must escape, so far through the 
beleaguering circle of their foes did they cleave 
their desperate way, before the momently-recoil-
ing ranks re-closed around them, and they fell 
by two and three, wildly fighting to the last, 
riddled by musket-balls and bayonet-stabs. 
Kasi-Mollah " died with his hand on his beard, 
and a last murmuring prayer from his lips ;" and 
his pupils perished with him, all save one, and 
he the bravest and fiercest of them all, who 
broke through the encircling bayonets, dashed at 
headlong speed past the more distant lines of 
running-fire unharmed-reined suddenly up as 
he reached the angle of the mountain gorge, into 
which. he knew none dared to follow, shook his 
red scimitar, and hurled a defiant execration in 
the face of his baffled foes, and the next moment, 
with an exulting shout of "Allah ! II Allah !" 
disappeared in the dark mountain pass. This 
fortunate horseman was Schamyl, the future 
Iman (preacher), the prophet-soldier of the Cau-
casus, whose escape, as just described, many of 
his followers to this day firmly believe was due 
to the direct interposition of the angel Gabriel. 
Schamyl, who is one of the dark-eyed, dark-
haired, partly Tartar race of Tchetchentzes, was 
born at Tschirskei, a place of about 3000 inhabi-
tants; and after his escape from Gianni, he em-
ployed several years in perambulating the moun-
tains of the Lesghian chain, preaching wherever 
he went with fervid eloquence upon the sacred 
duty, devolved by God upon all true believers, 
to extirpate the intrusive infidel, and the para-
disal rewards which death in so high and holy a 
cause must infallibly insure. This prophet call, 
as it was deemed, to battle from the cupolas and 
minarets of the sublime and towering Alps, 
gradually kindled the latent fanaticism of the 
mountaineers to a flame, which soon communi-
cated itself' to the dwellers in the cities and 
steppes of Daghistan, and the adjacent valleys 
and plains. 
The story of Schamyl's miraculous escape 
from General Rosen, by favor of the archangel 
Gabriel, was repeated from month to mouth 
with endless variations and additions-his dar-
ing skill, and success as a soldier, confirmed the 
illusions of a credulous bigotry; and he grad-
ually drew around his standard, and to his sway, 
the multitude of rugged. warriors whose swords 
have inscribed so many victories upon the backs 
of the Russian armies, and to this hour presented 
an invincible front to their dismayed and prac-
tically discomfited adversaries. 
Many well authenticated instances of his dar-
ing are related in a number of Chambers' excel-
lent Repository," published some months since. 
One or two of these may interest the reader at 
this juncture : 
In 1830, Schamyl found himself' surrounded 
by General Grabbe and 12,000 veteran Russian 
troops, at Achulko a kind of' mud encampment 
perched upon the top of a rock on the banks of 
the Koisu. The position of this place was so 
Moses-His Moral 'Greatness. 
IN respect to his moral endowments, Moses 
has not always been justly appreciated. 'The 
stern lawgiver was not all sternness. Even-his 
violent passions, for such undoubtedly he had, 
did not break forth at his own personal wrongs, 
He thought for his nation and for his trust far 
more than for himself, and in his treatment -of 
the Egyptian oppressor and the rebels of his 
own camp there is a disinterested grandeur in . 
his very vehemence, The poems that bear his 
name are wonderful alike for their tender hu-
mility and exalted confidence. He leaned upon 
a sovereign power as a lowly and faithful servant, 
and thus performing his work as under divine 
guidance, he was brave and bold in his very 
meekness, strong not to do his own will, but the 
Lord's. There is more truth than in these days 
has been generally allowed in the old primer that 
called Moses meekest of men. Humility is not 
the pliant, supple thing that the superficial sup-
pose it to be. Columbus was humble, when re-
fusing to sacrifice to the ridicule of the multitude 
the belief which he believed providentially given, 
that a new world awaited his adventurous fleet, 
Luther was humble, when, lifting up the ,Bible 
before the Imperial Diet, he refused to recant, 
and stood boldly upon the ground of the New 
Testament against royal threats and Papal an-
athemas. Paul was humble, when, at Athens, 
and before Agrippa, and at Rome, he boldly 
professed his allegiance to Christ, and confirmed 
his allegiance at last under the executioner's 
sword. What, indeed, is humility, but the sur-
render of man's will to the Divine will,-a sur-
render that may give proof of itself, now in. 
lowly penitence and prayer, and now in bold 
confession and heroic daring? 
Moses was the civil and religious counsellor, 
and this office shows the nature of his mind, the 
greatness of his influence. To him belongs the 
high dignity of devoting his life to a sacred aim, 
whose results only ages could exhibit. Of those 
previous to Christ, his name stands first among 
the leaders, lawgivers, and prophets of our race. 
How noble he appears in his anticipations of 
the greater than himself, and of the age better 
than his own! He claimed not to know all of 
God's will, nor to have exhausted the Divine 
light. His face, so generally associated with 
stern command and imperious law, beamed not 
strong that the attempt to storm it wasabandoned 
after the less of 15,000 men; but Schatnyl soon 
had a deadlier foe than General Grabbe and his 
army to contend with-hunger, verging upon 
famine, came before a week had passed.. 'This 
was known in the Russian camp, and the plane 
having been strictly invested on all sides, it was 
certain that the hour of surrender could not be 
long delayed. 
On the last day but one of August, General 
Grabbe learned from an emaciated Lesghian, 
whom his soldiers had caught whilst attempting 
to crawl past the blockading lines., that not a 
particle of food was left at.Achulko; that Scha-
myl Bey proposed to escape that very night, with 
one or two chosen comrades, by means of a rope 
lowered down the face of the rock to the Koisu; 
and Achulko, he added, would be surrendered 
immediately afterwards. A strict watch was 
immediately ordered to be kept at the indicated 
spot, and directions were given to awaken the 
General at whatever hour of the night the cap- 
ture of the redoubted Schamyl might be effected.. 
Just before dawn, one-two-three men were 
seen to cautiously descend by a rope, let gently 
down on the river side, as predicted,. who were of 
course instantly secured, and hurried off to the 
General's tent. One of the captives admitted, 
in the flurry of the surprise, that he was Scha- 
myl, and this was confirmed by the Lesghian, 
through whose information the important prize 
had been secured. General Grabbe was delight. 
ed, and an estafette was forthwith despatched 
with the tidings that the notorious rebel, Sella-
myl Bey, had been caught and ordered to be 
shot out of hand. 
" Whilst all this was going on, the rope which 
had been quietly drawn up again, was once more 
lowered, and this time one man only descended 
by it, who reached the river unobserved, leaped 
upon a raft that just at that critical moment ,swept 
by ; and the too hasty exultant Russian General 
was aroused to a knowledge of the trick that had 
been played upon him, by shouts of Schamyl !' 
from the mud walls of Achulko, in exulting re-
ply to the waving of a small green flag by the 
true Schamyl, as he swept down the swift Koisu 
in the dawning sun-light presently to find himself 
amidst hills and among friends, that would ren-
der successful pursuit if attempted, hopeless- 
impossible. Achulko surrendered at discretion ; 
and General Grabbe retraced his steps in very 
angry mood, with a daring attack upon his rear- 
guard, by the ubiquitous and indefatigable Scha- 
myl, at the head of a large body of horsemen 
exasperated to fury. The Iman was beaten off 
with difficulty, and the victorious General's 
march was sullenly resumed and concluded with-
out further molestation." 
THE ADVENT HERALD. 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
388 
 
THE ADVENT HERALD. 
 
 
 
 
God bath given them the spirit of slumber, eyes 
that they should not see, and ears that they should 
not hear ;) unto this day." 
" Seers " is another name for prophets, (1 Sam. 
9:9,) " He that is now called a prophet, was before 
time called a seer." When their understandings 
are thus darkened, Micah says to the prophets, 
(Mic. 3:6,) " Therefore, night shall be unto you, 
that ye shall not have a vision ; and it shall be 
dark unto you, that ye shall not divine ; and the 
sun shall go down over the prophets, and the day 
shall he dark over them." . 
so late ; nor is there for commencing this side of Cy 
rus, when the ram was pushing, as described in the 
prophecy. We relied on the connection between 
the weeks of the 9th and the days of the 8th chap-
ters, as the key to unlock the time of the end of the 
longer period. As it did not unlock that time, we 
found the key did not possess the magic attributed 
to it ; and we acknowledged our error in supposing 
such a connection. This conviction we have never 
since relinquished, nor have we ever fitiled to• ex-
press it, on any occasion when we have considered 
any expression of opinion respecting it necessary. 
And not holding to that connection, we hold to no 
necessity for looking to a century in the future, even 
were it proved that 2400 is the correct reading. 
3d. We said in the Herald of May 21st, of this 
reading : 
" We are not disposed to adopt it. Yet we do 
not see that it could delay the advent at all. Dan-
iel's vision begins with the rain having no beast 
that could stand before him. There was no nation 
that could stand against Media and Persia after 
the conquest of Babylon B. c. 538. Reckoning 
2400 years from that point, and their termination 
is near." 
We have never since then expressed anything at 
variance with the above. Nor is that all : know-
ing that private conversations are liable to be mis-
understood and misinterpreted ; and that the in-
delicacy and uncourtcousness of making a public 
use of private remarks is sometimes lost sight of, 
we have, to our best recollection, invariably, when-
ever we have suggested 2400 as a possible reading, 
taken the precaution to refer to the time of Cyrus 
as a proper commencement of the vision ; and we 
have been thus explicit, so as to leave no excuse for 
any incorrect statements, should the honor and 
sanctity of private intercourse be at any time dis-
regarded. If reckoning 2400, from an era more 
than 2390 in the past, extends them a century into 
the future, it must be done by some kind of logic 
and mathematics which we have not studied. We 
have never designed to convey any such impression. 
And the vision of all is become unto you as the words of a book that 
is sealed, 
Which men deliver to one that is learned, saying, 
Read this, I pray thee : and he saith, I cannot, for it is sealed : 
And the book is delivered to him that is not learned, saying, 
Read this, I pray thee : and he saith, I am not learned.-us. 11,12. 
" The vision of' all," is the vision of all the 
prophets—there being others besides Isaiah whose 
words they disregarded. 2 Chron. 36:15, 16—
" The Lord God of their fathers sent to them by 
his messengers, rising up betimes and sending ; 
because he had compassion on his people, and on 
his'dwelling-place : but they mocked the messen-
gers of God, and despised his words, and misused 
his prophets, until the wrath of the Lord arose 
against his people, till there was no remedy." 
A " sealed book " is one closed up and fastened 
with seals ; and cannot be read till they are loos-
ened. Thus Daniel was told (12:4)., to " shut up 
the words and seal the book even to the time of the 
end ;" and the symbol in the apocalyptic vision, 
(Rev. 5:1,) was " sealed with seven seals." The 
likening of the vision of all the prophets to a sealed 
book, is a simile illustrating the darkness in which 
the revelations of God were shrouded—according 
to the understanding of all classes, and the corres-
ponding ignorance of all classes respecting their 
import. The learned were as much disabled by 
their prejudice, as the unlearned were by their ig-
norance, from reading aright. 
These texts illustrate the position of many at 
the present day respecting the import of the prophe-
cies. Some of the learned tell us that, " they are 
highly figurative, and cannot be understood till 
they are fulfilled ;" while the ignorant say, " We 
are incompetent to fathom their meaning." To 
both classes the prophecies are a sealed book. God 
here shows us that such do not honor Him, and 
that such excuses are of no avail. 
Wherefore the Lord saith, Forasmuch as this people draw near me 
with their mouth, 
And with their lips do honor me, but have removed their heart far 
from me, 
And their fear toward me is taught by the precept of men : 
Therefore, behold, I will proceed to do a marvellous work among this 
People, 
Even a marvellous work and a wonder: 
For the wisdom of their wise men shall perish, 
And the understanding of their prudent men shall be hid. 
vs. 13, 14. 
To " draw near " to God, is a substitution for 
the worship of God. " Mouth " and " lips," are 
by metonymy, put for the words they uttered ; and 
" heart," for their affections—of which the heart 
was supposed to be the seat. And " removed," is 
a metaphor expressive of the withholding their af-
fections from God. One fatal mistake of the Jews 
consisted in their making the external acts of wor-
ship, and outward ceremonies the whole of their 
religion ; and another consisted in over-valuing 
the traditions of their Rabbies and elders. They 
made the plain declarations of God's word give 
way to the constructions of men. This caused 
them to reject the gospel of Christ ; and causes 
many to reject his second advent. The Saviour 
said to the Jews (Matt. 15:6-9), "Thus have ye 
made the commandment of God of none effect by 
your tradition. Ye hypocrites, well did Esaias 
prophesy of You, saying, This people draweth nigh 
unto me with their mouth, and honoreth me with 
their lips ; but their heart is far from me. But in 
vain they do worship me, teaching for doctrines 
the commandments of men." 
" Therefore," i. e., because of their lip worship, 
God proceeds to predict their punishment, which 
their wise risen and prudent should have no skill 
to evade. " Perish " and " hid," applied to wis-
dom and understanding, are metaphors expressive 
of their absence. 
A corresponding prediction occurs in ITab. 1: 
5, 6—" Behold ye among the heathen, and regard, 
and wonder marvellously : for I will work a work 
in your days, which ye will not believe though it 
be told you. For lo, I raise up the Chaldeans, 
that bitter and hasty nation, which shall march 
through the breadth of the land, to possess the 
dwelling-places that are not theirs." 
Woe unto them that seek deep to hide their counsel from the Lord, 
And their works are in the dark, and they say, Who seeth us ? and 
who knoweth us ?—v. 15. 
To " hide deep," is a metaphor, literally appli-
cable only to what may be buried in the ground, 
but applied to counsel, it illustrates their efforts 
to conceal their real intentions under a plausible 
ext r'or. 
seldom with yearning for a brighter day: The 
lawgiver should stand before us, not in the arro-
gance of self-complacent righteousness, but with 
an humble longing for a blessed time beyond 
his own best achievement,—a time to follow dark 
centuries of idolatry and degradation with ages 
of peace and virtue above aught that his own 
eyes had seen. His character was not unlike the 
rock which he smote in the desert. Within its 
adamantine strength dwelt a spring of living 
water. Who will deny him the name of the 
greatest of the ancient men ? 
Osgood's God with Men 
Qtly 2buent fjcralb. 
BOSTON, DECEMBER 3, 1853, 
Tire readers of the herald are most earnestly besought to give it 
room In their prayers ; that by means of it God slay be honored and 
his truth advanced ; also, that it may be conducted in faith and 
love, with sobriety of judgment and discernment of the truth, in 
nothing carried away into error, or hasty speech, or sharp, unbroth-
eyly disputation. 
THE PROPHECY OF ISAIAH. 
CHAPTER XXIX. 
ANn the multitude of all the nations that fight against Ariel, 
Even all that fight against her and her munition, and that distress 
her, 
Shall he as a dream of a night 
It shall even be as when an hungry man dreamethf and; behold, he 
eateth ; 
But he awaketh, and his soul is empty: 
Or as when a thirsty man dreameth, and, behold, he drinketh ; 
But he awaketh, and, behold, he is faint, and his sour hath appetite ; 
So shall the multitude of all the nations be, that fight against mount 
Zion,—vs. 7, 8. 
As " a dream of a night vision " vanishes on 
awaking, and all its apparent realities disappear, 
so the hosts of the _Assyrian, which the simile is 
given to illustrate, vanished in a single night. 
By similes, also, in v. 8, are illustrated the de-
lusion of the Assyrians in supposing they would 
succeed in their attempt on Jerusalem, and their 
disappointment in the result. As a famishing man 
dreams that he is satisfying his hunger and thirst 
with food and drink, and on awakening finds it an 
illusion of his sleep, so the nations, assembled 
under the banner of Sennacherib, supposed they 
were about to possess themselves of the spoil of 
Ari-El, but found their expectations like a vision 
of the night. 
Virgil (.Snead xii. 908) has the following on the 
workings of the imagination in a dream : 
" And as when slumber seals the closing sight, 
The sick wild fancy labors in the night ; 
Some dreadful visionary foe we shun 
With airy strides, but strive in vain to run ; 
In vain our baffled limbs their power essay ; 
We faint, we struggle, sink and fall away ; 
Drained of our strength we neither fight nor fly, 
And on the tongue the struggling accents die."—Pitt. 
By metonymy, " soul " is twice used in the text 
for the person. 
Stay yourselves, and wonder cry ye out, and cry 
They are drunken, but not with wine ; they stagger, but not with 
strong drink.—v. 9. 
In this apostrophe to the Jews, they are reproved 
for their own stupidity, in not perceiving, and 
profiting by the indications of Providence. They 
are commanded to stop and be astonished at their 
own stupidity and hypocrisy—" stay " signifying 
to tarry—an act of the body being substituted for 
the analogous act of the mind. 
" Cry ye out, and cry," says Wm. Lowth, " may 
perhaps be better rendered consider ye, and cry 
out,' " i. e., they are told to acknowledge, that 
the nation had lost their sense and reason like 
men overcome with intoxicating liquors. 
" They are drunken," and " they stagger :"—a 
condition and act of the body, are substitutions ; 
and illustrate the blinding effect of their errone-
ous doctrines and their corresponding conduct. 
For the Lord bath poured out upon you the spirit of deep sleep, and 
hath closed your eyes : 
The prophets and your rulers, the seers bath he covered.—v. 10. 
" Poured out," in this connection, is a metaphor, 
and illustrates the stupefying effect of their errors 
on their consciences,—as if they had been put to 
sleep by being drenched with ether, or chloroform. 
" Sleep," the closing of their eyes, and covering 
their seers and prophets, are substitutions for 
their stupid indifference, and inability to discern 
the import of God's teachings. This was true of 
the Jews at the time this prophecy was written, 
and it is true of all persons, at all times, who are 
in a corresponding state of indifference to God's re 
quirements. Paul quoted this text and applied it 
to the Jews of his day, when he said, (Rom. 11 : 
7, 8,) " Israel hath not obtained that which he 
seeketh for ; but the election hath obtained it, and 
the rest were blinded, (according as it is written, 
" Their works are in the dark," is a substitu-
tion for their being, as they supposed, unknown 
to God or men—thinking that they could carry 
on their projects without the knowledge or inter-
position of Providence. Hypocrites must suppose 
that God, as well as man, is deceived by their out-
ward deportment. 
Surely your turning of things upside down shall he esteemed as the 
potter's clay : 
For shall the work say of him that made it, He made me not ? 
Or shall the thing framed say of him that framed it, 
He had no understanding ?—v. 16. 
" Turning of things upside down," is a substi-
tution for their perverse views and conduct. They 
had no just conceptions of truth, declared God's 
revelations to them a sealed book, followed the 
precepts of men instead of the word of God, made 
outward acts a substitute for the worship of the 
heart, and thought by false appearances to hide 
their real designs. 
" As the potter's clay," is a simile and illus-
trates their impotency. Their perversions of truth, 
and attempts to conceal their real purposes, would 
be as ineffectual in accomplishing the desired end, 
as the efforts of clay to mould itself would. be, 
without the artificer. 
The interrogations in the text, are of a form 
which require a negative answer. They here illus-
trate the absurdity of perversity and opposition to 
God, which are as foolish as it would be for the 
work to deny that the artificer had moulded it, 
or for it to question the skill of its maker. Paul 
quotes this passage to illustrate God's sovereigr.-
ty, (Rom. 9:18-22,) " Therefore hath he mercy 
on whom he will have mercy, and whom he will 
he hardeneth. Thou wilt say then unto me, 
Why Both he yet find faultfl for who hath resisted 
his will ? Nay but, 0 man, who art thou that 
repliest against God I Shall the thing formed 
say to him that formed it, Why bast thou made 
me thus ? Rath not the potter power over the 
clay, cf the same lump to make one vessel unto 
honor, and another unto dishonor ? What if 
God, willing to shew his wrath, and to make 
his power known, endured with much long-suf-
fering the vessels of wrath fitted to destruction." 
THE following very clear statement of the opera-
INQUIRIES, 
tions of the Turkish army, we copy from the Lon- 
don News of the 10th : 
" The more recent despatches from the Danube, 
though still sufficiently laconic, when combined 
with those which preceded them, enable us now to 
infer, with tolerable precision, the great outline 
of the plan upon which the Turkish generalissimo 
is bringing his army into action. Unless appear-
ances are very deceitful indeed, he is handling the 
forces at his disposal with consummate skill, show-
ing that to his energy and promptitude he adds a 
rare gift of skilful and comprehensive combination. 
Let us glance over the field where the hostile forces 
are now arrayed. The province of Wallachia ap-
proaches in its superficial configuration, to a par-
allelogram of nearly 300 miles in length by about 
150 in breadth. On the south-west, south, and 
south-east it is bounded by the Danube. From the 
neighborhood of Orsowa to a little beyond Widdin 
the course of that river is nearly from north to 
south ; from the latter point to the vicinity of Si-
listria its general course is from west to east ; and 
thence to Galatz it flows from south to north. 
The northern boundary of the province, for a dis-
tance of some 200 miles from its western extremi-
ty, is a mountain range ; thence to its eastern ex-
tremity an affluent of the Sereth, which flows east-
ward from where the mountains terminate, and 
the Sereth itself to its embouchure in the Danube. 
The portion of the province which is enclosed on 
three sides by the Danube is generally low and 
flat ; to the north, it gradually rises to the base of 
the mountains. 
"The western part of the province, between the 
western frontier and the river Argish—comprising 
fully two-thirds of the whole—is divided into three 
pretty equal parts by the valleys of the Schyl and 
Aluta, flowing from the northern mountains at 
right angles to the Danube. The Schyl and the 
Argish rise on the southern declivity of the moun-
tains ; the Aluta rises to the north of the chain, 
and breaks through it. The part of Wallachia 
which lies to the east of the Argish is bisected by 
the Jalomeritza, which flows from west to east. 
The Turkish or southern bank of the Danube, from 
Orsowa to where it again turns northward, after 
flowing nearly 300 miles from west to east, is high 
and abrupt ; the Wallachian low, and apt to be 
overflowed. A little to the north of the point at 
which the course of the river turns from south to 
east is Widdin, on the Turkish, and opposite to it 
Kalafat, on the Wallachian bank ; commanding 
the mouth of the Schyl is Rahowa, on the Turkish 
bank ; commanding the mouth of the Akita is 
Nikopolis, on the Turkish bank ; midway between 
the mouths of the Aluta and Argish is Rustchuk, 
on the Turkish, and opposite Giurgewo on the 
Beo. Buss :—Will you please to answer the fol-
lowing questions for the satisfaction of some of 
the readers of the Herald ? 
First. Is it your decided opinion that the time 
measuring the vision of Daniel, chap. 8th, should 
read 2400 years ? 
Second. Will a belief that those years are 2400, 
instead of 2300 as it reads in the common version, 
necessarily put off the advent of Christ 100 years? 
Third. Have you ever designedly given the im-
pression, or expressed such an opinion, or do you 
still think we have yet to wait 100 years longer 
for the coining of our Saviour J. P. JR. 
Newburyport, Nov. 26th, 1853. 
TURKEY AND RUSSIA. 
REMARKS.—lst. All the evidence we have on that 
point was given in the Herald of May 21st, viz., 
that Joseph Wolf asserts that of the oriental manu-
scripts which he examined when in Asia, the older 
ones read, 2400, and the more modern ones, 2300. 
Wolf did not adopt that reading from the evidence 
before him, and lie gave no evidence of the genu-
ineness of those manuscripts, or of their age, by 
which those who form opinions on evidence could 
judge of the correctness of the reading. We do 
not doubt Mr. Wolf's testimony that he saw 
manuscripts with such a reading. If such manu-
scripts do there exist, it is possible that such is 
the correct reading ; but it is by no means certain. 
As we do not form or change opinions for slight 
causes we have not, of course, formed an opinion 
on this point. We have no belief respecting it, 
and have never expressed any ; but have suggested 
Wolf's view as one that may possibly prove a so-
lution of this problem. 
2d. This depends entirely on the epoch from 
which they are reckoned. To commence them with 
the seventy weeks would extend them ninety years 
into the future. There is a difficulty in commenc-
ing any period for the length of the vision so late 
as that ; for the vision began with the ram stand-
ing before the river, and then pushing in different 
directions with no beast able to stand before it. 
This was true of Medo-Persia, till Xerxes " stirred 
up all against the realm of Grecia." It is an ad-
mitted fact in history that Grecia did maintain its 
stand before Medo-Persia, and that of the millions 
who went to subdue it, the greater number of 
them never returned. Xerxes preceded Artaxerxes 
in whose reign the seventy weeks commenced ; and 
we never should think of coming down this side of 
the former, for the commencement of the vision, 
unless we were compelled to by the shortness of 
the period that marks its duration. If we adopt 
the reading of 2300, we must of course come this 
side of the time of Xerxes, and this side of the 
commencement of the seventy weeks, or we should 
find their termination in the past. If the longer pe-
riod is adopted, there is no necessity for beginning 
agravossFssistomiaal4e-,,c 
t
i 
THE 'ADVENT HERALDTT 
389 
TIME OF THE ADVENT. 
32,000 men ; indeed, no accounts yet received rate 
it at so high a strength, whereas the Russians are 
plainly set at between 30,000 and 40,000, with 
strong cavalry and artillery. We wait with some 
curiosity for the details of so remarkable a battle. 
" From first to last, the movements of the Rus-
sians in these transactions appear unaccountable. 
Assuming even that the Kalafat Turks were ulti-
mately raised to a large force by succors from the 
opposite bank, some days must still have elapsed 
during which they were but 12000 strong, and 
what were the 30,000 Russians doing then ? We 
might imagine, perhaps, that Prince Gortschakoff. 
having been strictly forbidden to become the actual 
assailant, was compelled to wait for the attack of 
the Ottomans ; but this hypothesis is at once neg-
atived by the circumstances of the affair at Olte-
nitza, where General Perloff fell upon the new 
comers without hesitation or scruple. Yet, if 
General Perloff could do this at one point, why 
could not General Danrenburg do the same at ano-
ther ? if the former commander could lead his 
9000 troops against the 18,000 Ottomans at Olte-
nitza, why could not the latter employ his 30,000 
or 40,000 against the 12,000 Ottomans at Widdin ? 
If all the incidents thus reported are correctly 
given, the sum of the result amounts to this :—
That the right wing of the Russians, comprising 
their principal force, has been defeated by the left 
wing of the Turks, while the. Turkish centre has 
also been victorious at Turtukai, and is on the 
immediate route to the Russian head-quarters, in 
numbers superior to the enemy." 
It would appear from the plan'of operations de-
veloped in the movements of Omar Pasha, that he 
is moving the three wings of his army simultane-
ously upon Bucharest, and we may shortly expect 
to hear that by this date some decisive action has 
been fought—perhaps that Bucharest has been 
bombarded and stormed—or that the Turkish army 
has been defeated before its walls. Letters are 
said to have been received from the Turkish gen-
eral himself, which announced that the onward 
march to the capital of Wallachia, was the main 
object of his operations. 
" Letters from Bucharest of the 25th, state tha t 
Prince Gortschakoff has but from 70,000 to 80,000 
men in the Principalities. He has sent to General 
Osten Sacken, commander of the third army corps, 
to join him with his forces in all haste. General 
Luders, with the fifth army corps, is ordered to 
move into Moldavia. General Dannenberg com-
mands the Russians at Krajowa, and Sarni Pasha 
the Turks at Kalafat." 
STILL LATER—The steamer Atlantic arrived on 
Tuesday, bringing intelligence of another battle, 
in which the Russians lost 3000 men. The Poles 
in the Russian army are becoming disaffected. 
100,000 Turks had crossed the Danube. 
The New Year. 1854. 
ON the first of January next, Gleason's Pictorial 
will commence its sixth volume, and will appear 
vastly improved in all respects. with a superb new 
heading, new type and dress throughout, and will 
be printed upon the finest paper. As the proprie-
tor of the Pictorial has purchased the entire good-
will of Barnum's New York illustrated News, and 
has merged that journal in the Pictorial, the public 
will reap the advantage of this concentration of 
the strength of the two papers upon one, both in 
the artistic and literary departments. The same 
brilliant host of contributors and artists will be 
engaged on Gleason's Pictorial as heretofore, and 
a large addition is also made to the corps, both in 
talent and number. The most liberal arrangements 
have been completed, and such as will enable the 
proprietor to produce by far the finest illustrated 
journal yet published, and much superior to the 
present issue of the paper. The columns of the 
Pictorial will constantly be beautified by all that 
can please and instruct in art and nature, and its 
literary department will fully sustain the high 
reputation it has so long enjoyed. 
The pages of Gleason's Pictorial will contain 
views of every populous city in the known world, 
of all buildings of note in the eastern or western 
hemisphere, of all the principal ships and steamers 
of the navy and merchant service, with fine and ac-
curate portraits of every noted character in the 
world, both male and female. Sketches of beauti-
ful scenery, taken from life, will also be given, 
with numerous specimens from the animal king-
dom, the birds of the air, and the fish of the sea, 
and will present in its mechanical execution an 
elegant specimen of art. It will contain fifteen 
hundred and sixty-four square inches, giving a 
great amount of reading matter and illustrations 
—and forming a mammoth weekly paper of six- 
(Continued front our last.) 
The Alemanni.—The reasons assigned by the edi-
tor of the Herald why this nation should not be 
" reckoned as a horn," at the time fixed for the 
existence of ten contemporary kingdoms " on the 
old Roman territory," are sustained by the clear-
est historical facts. Let the candid reader take 
notice. Brother Bliss does not call in question a 
single statement made by Elder Berick in his con-
densed description of the so-called tenth kingdom 
but he justly complains because the whole truth in 
the case is not given. And just there lies the soph-
ism. Certain it is, that " they invaded that part 
of Gaul known since under the name of Alsace, 
the Palatinate, Mayence, &c., and that they " ex-
tended their conquests over Rhetia," and that " in 
496 the Franks " deprived " them of a part of their 
territory," but is it a logical deduction, because 
they thus " invaded that part of Gaul," and " ex-
tended their conquests over Rhetia," and " in 496 " 
were deprived " of a part of their territory," there-
fore, the Alemanni existed as a kingdom " on the 
old Roman territory," tzventy-four years after the 
last named disastrous event When we call to mind 
the character of those times : so full of dire confu-
sion ;—in the very midst of that mighty revolution 
that broke in pieces Rome's ancient empire ; when 
wars raged, and whole territories were laid in 
ruins, and blood flowed like water, when these 
rapidly moving, and fearfully startling events, 
would, in much less time, change the entire politi-
cal aspect of Western Europe, we frankly confess, 
that such uncertain assertions, are not to our dull 
intellects particularly overwhelming, because the 
facts stated do not prove the issue! There is, how-
ever, an event mentioned in the account of the 
tenth kingdom, which is of some interest to this 
part of the subject; the war between the Franks 
and the Alemanni, in which the Franks deprived 
the Alemanni " of a part of their territory." 
What part of their territory did the Franks deprive 
them of? and in what state, or political condition 
did that war leave the Alemanni ? These are ques-
tions of importance in order to know 1st. If they 
in 519 had territorial occupancy upon the old Ro-
man territory. 2d. If they did, had they at that 
time there an independent kingly form of govern-
ment. I need not enter into a detailed account of 
their origin, and their invasions of the Roman Em-
pire, and their signal defeats, this has been most 
truthfully done by brother Bliss. The point of 
the argument before us is, is there any propriety 
in reckoning the Alemanni as one of the ten king-
doms at 519 ? We will turn our attention to the 
battle fought between the Franks and the Aleman-
ni, A. D. 496. Says Gibbon, vol. 3, p. 572: " The 
northern part of Helvetia had indeed been sub 
dued by the ferocious Alemanni, who destroyed 
with their own hands the fruits of their conquest. 
From the source of the Rhine to its conflux with 
the Mein and the Mosell , th .3 formidable swcr ns cf 
the Alemanni commanded either side of the river, 
by the right of ancient possession, or recent victory." 
We should remember that the river Rhine consti-
tuted the northern boundary line between the Ro 
man territory and Western Germany. The " an-
cient possession " of the Alemanni, was just over 
the river in Germany ; their possession by " recent 
victory," was on the southern side of the river, 
within the Roman territory, so that they now held 
possession on both sides of this dividing line, but 
it is only on the southern side that we have to do, 
for the " just ten " are to be found " on the old 
Roman territory." '`They had," continues Gib-
bon, " spread themselves into Gaul, over the mod-
ern provinces of Alsace and Lorraine ; and their 
bold invasion of the kingdom of Cologne summoned 
the Salle prince to the defence of his Ripuarian al-
lies. Clovis [king of the Franks] encountered the 
invaders of Gaul [the Alemanni] in the plain of 
Tolbiac, about twenty-four miles from Cologne; 
and the two fiercest nations of Germany [Franks 
and Alemanni] were mutually animated by the 
memory of past exploits, and the prospect of future 
greatness. The Franks, after an obstinate struggle, 
gave way ; and the Alemanni, raising a shout of 
victory, impetuously pressed their retreat. But 
[alas for Elder Berick's tenth kingdom] the battle 
was restored by the valor, and the conduct, and 
perhaps by the piety of Clovis ; and the event of 
the bloody day decided forever [decided what ?] 
the alternative of empire, or servitude. The last 
king, [then they had no king of their own after 
this] of the Alemanni was slain in the field, and 
his people were slaughtered or pursued, till they 
threw down their arms, and yielded to the mercy of 
the conqueror. Without discipline it was impossi-
ble for them to rally : they had contemptuously de-
molished the walls and fortifications which might 
have protected their distress ; and they were fol-
lowed into the heart of their forests by an enemy 
teen octavo pages. Terms—three dollars per an- I not less active, or intrepid than themselves. The 
great Theodoric congratul 
of Clo- 
num. 
vie, whose sister Albofleda
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of I
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 taly had 
Published every Saturday, by F. GLEASON, corner lately married ; but he mildly interceded with his 
of Tremont and Bromfield streets, Boston, Mass. brother in favor of the suppliants and fugitives, 
rear, are much more open and easy than those of 
the Russians ; that the Turkish troops are in bet-
ter health than the Russians ; and that the success 
which has as yet attended the Turkish arms will 
inspire the Ottoman soldiery with more confidence 
in themselves than the Muscovites, all things con-
sidered, can be expected to feel. A knowledge of 
the real weakness of Russia, and of the traditiona-
ry tactics of that Empire, when it discovers a task 
it has undertaken to be beyond its power, would 
warrant our inferring from these facts that peace 
is likely soon to be restored ; but on the other 
hand, there must be taken into view, as an obsta-
cle to this desirable consummation, the obstinate 
ambition and vanity of the Emperor Nicholas, 
which appear to have stimulated him to a state of 
frenzy. He breathes war, and if he can make war 
successfully, will be ready enough to wage it." 
The London Times comments as follows on the 
military operations : 
" We observed yesterday that no accounts were 
furnished of the strength or the operations of the 
Russian main body which, at the first passage of 
the Danube by the Turks, had marched to encoun-
ter them at Kalafat. It is now asserted that this 
force, which was under the command of General 
Dannenburg, numbered between 30,000 and 40,000 
men, and that it was in position between Krajova 
and Slatina, so as to intercept the route from Kala-
fat to Bucharest. The Turks, we were also told by 
the latest despatches, were occupying Lesser Wal-
lachia—that is to say, the country about Kalafat 
—with 12,000 men : but as this was evidently the 
chief point at which the Danube was to be crossed, 
it is probable that the force referred to had received 
constant augmentations from the other bank of the 
stream. Indeed, it was expressly mentioned that 
large bodies ' of Turkish troops were concentrated 
round Widdin—the fort opposite to Kalafat, and 
all these could of course he brought over without 
much difficulty, when the passage of the river had 
been once secured. 
" Now, whether the Russians advanced to at-
tack the Turks, or the Turks in marching up the 
country encountered the Russians, we are not fully 
informed ; but it is between these two armies that 
the battle' reported must apparently have been 
fought. Nor can we have any doubt that it proved 
disastrous to the Russian troops. We are, it is 
true, merely told that fourteen superior Russian 
officers were killed,' and that the Russians were 
retreating upon Bucharest ;' but these intimations, 
if correct, convey volumes of intelligence. If four-
teen superior officers were killed, how many inferior 
officers and how many men must have shared, in 
all probability, the same fate ? And how many 
of all ranks must have been wounded ! Those ac-
quainted with the rules of military calculations 
would construct a fearful list of casualties from 
the unit given in the despatch. In the affair at 
Oltenitza, for instance, though no ' superior offi-
cer' was reported killed and only six wounded, 
the total numbers of those placed hors de combat 
seem to have exceeded 700. Nevertheless, this 
battle must have been fought and won, if we are 
to accept the present accounts strictly, by some 
12,000 Turks against 30,000 or 40,000 Russians ! 
" That it was won we cannot doubt, for the Turks 
are described as remaining masters of the field,' 
and the Russians as retiring by what under such 
circumstances would be their natural line of re-
treat, upon Bucharest.' Rumors, moreover, had 
been in circulation for the last day or two to the 
effect, that ' the right wing of the Russian army, 
under General Dannenburg,' which was no other 
than this very force,—had experienced a check, 
and, as we yesterday remarked, the inaccuracies 
of our information from Bucharest and Vienna are 
not likely to tell often in favor of the Turks. We 
must need infer, therefore, that any exaggeration of 
numbers applies rather to the Ottoman forces than 
the Russian losses, and the inevitable conclusion 
arises that the main Russian army has been de-
feated by the Turkish army with severe loss, and 
on a field favorable to the former. No doubt, the 
twelve thousand Turks at Kalafat had been rein-
forced, and perhaps largely, from the troops con-
centrated at Widdin ; but, it seems hardly proba-
ble, on any supposition, that they could have been 
raised to a strength equalling that of the Russians. 
" Omar Pasha had some 66,000 or 70,000 men 
in Bulgaria. Of these he had already carried, ac-
cording to reports, 24,000 across the river,—viz. : 
18,000 at Oltenitza, 4000 at Kalarache, and 2000 
at Giurgewo. He was also menacing other points 
of the stream, and 12,000 of his best troops had 
been established at Kalafat. This accounts for 
some 40,000 of his army ; so that not more than 
25,000 or thereabouts would remain to be brought 
over. But, even supposing that as many as 20,000 
of these were taken to reinforce the 12,000 at Ka-
lafat, still the whole Turkish force thus concen-
trated in Lesser Wallachia would amount only to 
Wallachian bank. Bucharest is situated nearly 
north of these places, at a distance of some sixty 
miles, on an affluent of the Argish, which inter-
venes between it and them. Turtukai is situated 
on the Turkish bank, opposite the mouth of the 
angle formed by that river and the Danube at their 
Argish ; Altenitza on the east of the Argish, in 
the junction. Silistria stands on the Turkish bank 
of the Danube, near the point where the river turns 
to the north, and Schumla is some eighty miles to 
the south of it. 
" The principal Russian force is concentrated 
between Bucharest and the Danube, but parties 
had been thrown out in advance as far as Kalafat. 
Some of these parties were pretty strong, but still 
this was dispersing the army over a longer line 
than its numerical amount warranted. We ob- 
serve attempts are being made to palliate this mis- 
take of the Russian commander, by alleging that 
he had been led to expect support from Austria, 
which is now withheld. When the faithless, Jes- 
uitical character of the Austrian government is 
taken into account, this story looks plausible ; it 
may however be a mere invention and afterthought, 
to screen the strategetical blunder of the Russian 
general. The main body of the Turkish army was 
concentrated in the region between Silistria and 
Schumla ; a strong body of troops was posted at 
Sophia in the rear of Widdin ; and the communi- 
cation was kept up by a chain of posts. The Turk- 
ish troops have hitherto been healthy ; 'according 
to the latest accounts from Bucharest, there are at 
present 12,000 Russian soldiers in hospitals there. 
The advanced period of the season, and the want 
of roads, render it difficult, if not impossible, for 
the Russians to receive speedy reinforcements ; the 
communication of the Turks from Silistria with 
Varna—either direct or by Schumla—is open and 
easy. 
Keeping in view the outline sketch we have 
given of the country and its principal positions, 
and the account of the relative position and con- 
dition of the two armies, we are in a condition 
to appreciate the movements that have been made 
by Omar Pasha. From Widdin a corps d' armee 
has been thrown into Western or Lesser Wallachia, 
amounting, according to the most recent accounts, 
to 12,000 men ; and the force stationed around So- 
phia is stated to be advancing to support them. 
The Russian troops in that part of Wallachia 
have fallen back without offering any serious re- 
sistance. There is a talk of their making a stand 
behind the Schyl, but at present they appear to be 
in full retreat towards Bucharest. On the Eastern 
or Lower Danube a strong body of Turkish forces 
has been thrown across near the mouth of the Ar- 
gish. No less than 18,000 men crossed from Tur- 
tukai to Oltenitza ; they were attacked by the Rus- 
sians, but made good their footing ; after a combat 
of three hours the Muscovites retreated, with a 
loss of several officers, and 200 privates killed, of 
six superior and eighteen subaltern officers, and 
479 privates wounded, leaving the Turks (whose 
amount of loss is unknown) to entrench themselves 
on the north bank of the Danube. In addition to 
this 2000 Turks are said to have occupied Kala-
rache, a small town or village in Wallachia, oppo-
site to Silistria, and 2000 from Rustschuk have 
taken possession of an island in the Danube, be-
tween that fortress and Giurgewo. 
" It appears, then, that in every affair between 
the Turks and Russians in Wallachia, the latter 
have been worsted. The Turkish force advancing 
from Widdin is forcing the Russian detachments 
in the western parts of the provinces back upon 
Bucharest, with a fair prospect of beating if it 
can catch them, or, at all events, of cutting them 
off from the main body in front of that city. 
Again, the advance of the main Turkish army has 
made good its footing on the Wallachian side of 
the Danube, and holds both banks of the Argish, 
which lays the approach to Bucharest open to it. 
To all human appearance, therefore, it will be 
comparatively easy for Omar Pasha, by pushing 
on his main force towards Bucharest, to form a 
junction with the Turkish troops advancing from 
Kalafat ; to break the line (as they in naval war- 
fare) of the enemy ; isolate the body of Russians 
in front of Bucharest from that which is retreat-
ing upon it from the west, and beat both in detail, 
if that have not been already done to his hand in 
case of the latter corps. 
"This view of affairs can only be presented with 
the hesitation which the brief and fragmentary 
character of the reports from the seat of war, and 
the yet imperfect development of the strategy of 
the generals on both sides, render necessary ; but 
on a deliberate view of what has been written, it 
does not appear that any unwarranted or partial 
inference, or colored fact, has been stated. It de- 
serves to be kept in mind that the communications 
of the Turkish army, with the sources whence they 
are to derive re-inforcements and supplies in their 
alinssissosesmotassassonwicsmarszsualiallppissmssinlatuaesnass..........s.„...
-----ss- - 
390 
THE ADVEN T HERALD. 
 8,11101111 
[the subjects of the tenth kingdom] who had im-
plored his protection. The Gallic territories, [all 
on the old Roman territory,'] become the prize 
of their conqueror ; [therefore the property of the 
Franks] and the haughty nation, invincible, or re-
bellious, to the arms of Rome, acknowledged the 
sovereignty of the Merovingian kings, who gracious-
ly permitted them to enjoy their peculiar manners 
and institutions [how ?] under the government of 
official, [under a subordinate executive officer] and 
at length of hereditary dukes." 
" After the conquest of the Western provinces," 
they even lost their possessions without the old Ro-
man territory, for Gibbon in connection says, " the 
Franks alone maintained their ancient habitations 
beyond the Rhine." Before Clovis died, which 
took place in A. D. 514, he had extended his ter-
ritory to limits not much different from those of 
modern France. After the death of Clovis, " his 
dominions," says Taylor, 3420 " were divided 
between his four sons, who respectively occupied 
the capitals of Paris, Orleans, Soissons, and Metz. 
this distribution gave rise to a new geographical 
division : all the districts between the Rhine, the 
Meuse, and the Moselle, received the name of Oster-
rike, that is, " Eastern kingdom." 
This fact proves that the territory of the Ale-
manni, was by Clovis held as a part and parcel of 
his dominions, and now becomes the property of 
one of his sons. This four •fold division contin-
ued till 522 A. D., when one of these kings was 
slain in battle. Some historians place his death as 
late as 528. The empire of the Franks was re-
united the youngest of these brothers, according 
to Putz, (p. 21,) about 558 A. D. From these his-
torical facts we learn— 
I. That the Alemanni did have a possession by 
right of " recent victory " within the, " old Ro-
man territory." 
That in a bloody battle fought between the 
Franks and the Alemanni, " in the plain of Toll 
biac," the alternative of empire [sovereignity] or 
servitude [a state of slavish dependence] was foi - 
ever decided, which later became the future politi-
cal condition of the Alemanni. 
At that battle their king was slain, which 
was their last king. 
The territory of the Alemanni became " the 
prize," or property of the Franks. 
The Alemanni, thenceforth, " acknowledged 
the sovereignty of the Morovingian king," the king 
of the Franks. 
Although they were " graciously permitted to 
enjoy their peculiar manners and institutions," 
still they were governed by a subordinate execu-
tive officer, appointed by the king of the Franks. 
This state of the Alemanni continued till 
the death of Clovis, 511, when his empire was di-
vided between his four sons, one division of which 
embraced the tributary province of the Alemanni. 
Therefore, in 519 A. D. they had no king, owned 
no territory, had entirely and forever lost their in-
dependence, become servile subjects of another 
government, and robbed of every element consti-
tuting a kingdom. 
And are such conquered, reduced, tributary " sup-
pliants and fugitives " to be elevated into the dig-
niti of a kingdom, one of the " just ten " that had 
arisen and had an existence in 519 A. D. as one of 
the horns of the beast I Are the defenders of that 
system of prophetic interpretation so hard pushed 
for kingdoms as to be obliged to seize upon such 
scanty materials out of which to build kingdoms, 
for the purpose of making good the demanded cat-
alogue of " just ten?" 
It may be urged, that after the defeat of the 
Alemanni, they were permitted to enjoy their " an-
cient institutions," and therefore notwithstanding 
a conquered people may still be regarded in the 
light of a kingdom, although a tributary king-
dom. But this will nod answer. It is the unani-
mous voice of history, that at the battle of Tolbiac, 
this once powerful monarchy was forever ended 
and their country reduced to the condition of t 
conquered province. To be a kingdom, indepen-
dent or tributary, they must have a king of their 
own appointed, otherwise, it is simply a province, 
subject to the command of a governor sent from 
the supreme administration which was the politi-
cal and civil state of the Alemanni. The German 
monarchies were both hereditary and elective. At 
the death of a king the nearest relative was elected 
to fill the throne. This privilege was not granted 
the Alemanni : for Gibbon says they were " under 
the government of official," i. e., a subordinate of-
ficer, " and at length hereditary dukes." Not he-
reditary dukes of the Alemanni, but of the nobil-
ity of the Franks. However this may be, one 
thing is sure, and that is, that after the death of 
Clovis, his government was divided between his 
four sons, and thus like the dominions of Alexan-
der, four distinct, independent kingdoms came up 
for it, and the capital of one of these kingdoms was 
Metz, the former capital of the Alemanni ! How then, 
with the son of a Morovingian king reigning in 
their former capital, and governing them as his 
own, and in the same manner as his other subjects, 
can it in truth be said, that they had an existence 
as a distinct kingdom. This political and civil 
state of that portion of France, lasted at least 
from 511 to 528 A. D., completely spanning their 
era for the date of the 1260 years, and their time 
when this is reckoned as a horn, or kingdom. 
Nay look again. The Revelator has a view of these 
horns. He says : " And I stood upon the sand of 
the sea, and saw a beast rise up out of the sea, 
having seven heads and ten horns, and upon his 
horns ten crowns." What do these crowns mean, 
resting as they do upon the horns ? Lord says, 
this beast is " a symbol of a body of contemporane-
ous rulers, obviously from its ten horns with their 
diadems, which are representatives of separate dy-
nasties." They express ten independent sovereign-
ties ; empire and supreme power. Now notice 
their diadeined horns, and then look at that crownless, 
subdued, submissive, incorporated people, and say, 
can they consistently be exalted to a place among 
those kingdoms, each wearing the insignia of im-
perial or regal power ? 
They may " for convenience " step back nine-
teen years, " at A. D. 500 " to " look to see if these 
kingdoms had arisen," and it might, and undoubt-
edly would have been still more convenient to 
have taken an observation from a position in the 
political world only five years previous to 500, be-
fore Clovis slew their last king, but it is at the 
year 519 that we are " to look to see if " not only 
these kingdoms had arisen, but were they then ex-
isting as ten independent crowned horns or king-
doms. The Alemanni, nor any portion of that 
once powerful tribe had such a political existence 
at that specified year, or histories which we have 
ever regarded as authentic are widely at fault. 
The more I read history relative to that date, 
the more am 1 for one convinced, that hardly a 
year could have been selected for the establishment 
of a list of ten kingdoms so unfortunate as the 
year 519. They must avoid every kingdom which 
had arisen however powerful it may have been, 
and however prominent and important a part it 
may have acted in the overthrow of the Roman 
empire, if that kingdom in its turn had been sub-
verted before their date, because it " would be fa-
tal to their theory." To make up this deficiency, 
how have they labored and perverted historical 
facts ; and how have they greedily grasped at the 
most shadowless materials to build up kingdoms : 
the " miserable remnant of a nation," flying in 
terror before their victorious pursuers for the sub-
jects of one, and " the suppliants and fugitives " 
lost in the government of another political body, 
for a second. Eminent expositors who have given 
progressive lists of ten kingdoms, had reckoned 
the Alemanni, previous to the fatal battle at Tol-
biac, as one, admit that it became incorporated 
with the Frank kingdom, and were prompt to put 
another kingdom in its stead. 
The Alemanni were permitted to hold fiefs [ i. e., 
estates on condition of military service] in Rhetia, 
and on the banks of the Po ; the contention for 
supremacy and power, and for the permanent es-
tablishment of a kingdom, was near the frontier, on 
the Rhine, when the Alemanni were invading and 
encroaching upon the Roman territory, opposite 
the locality of the main body of the Alemanni in 
Germany. The force of this remark you will at, 
once comprehend. 
BEREAN. 
(To be continued.) 
P.S. Please correct some typographical errors in 
my last. " Two-fold," should have been ten-fold. 
They make the native islanders emigrate to the op-
posite coast of America, instead of Amorica. 
REJOINDER. 
(Continued from our last.) 
The Lombards.—Under this head you endeavor 
to show that the Lombards settled in Pannonia on 
the death of Attila A. D. 455, in your quotation 
from Grotius, of whom Bishop Newton remarks : 
"Grotius was indeed a very great man ; but none 
bath betrayed more weakness, or committed more 
errors in chronology and history than he bath done 
in explaining the prophecies."* 
* Do you think to set aside the authority of Gro-
tius as a historian, by Bishop Newton's dissent 
from his as an interpreter ? Our dissent from him 
as an interpreter, makes his historical statements 
the snore valuable. Grotius, like Calmet, and some 
other writers, interpreted the seventh chapter of 
Daniel, so as to make the kingdom of Alexander 
the " third kingdom," and the dominion of Alex-
ander's successors the " fourth." He accordingly 
looked for the " ten horns " among the individual 
kings of Syria. It was a sad misapplication of 
history and chronology to take events that trans-
pired long before the Christian era, to fulfil prophe-
cies that point to a long time after. And it was 
So much for the above authority. The following 
historical testimony will show to the contrary. 
" The valiant and prudent Ardaric had extended 
the dominion of the last nation (the Gepidm) after 
the death of Attila, over Pannonia and Dacia. 
This kingdom flourished one hundred years."—
Rotteck, v. 2, p. 49.* 
Smith, in his classical Dictionary, says that the 
Lombards passed the Danube, at the invitation of 
Justinian in the middle of the sixth century, and 
settled in Pannonia.—p. 420:t 
in reference to this application of the ten horns to 
the kings of Syria, that Bishop Newton said : 
" It was a strange wild conceit in Grotius and 
others, to think that the kingdom of Alexander and 
his successors made two different kingdoms. Gro-
tius was indeed a very great man, and for the most 
part a very able and useful commentator: but the 
greatest and ablest men have their weaknesses, and 
none bath betrayed more weakness, or committed 
more errors in chronology and history than he bath 
done, in explaining the prophecies. His notions here 
are as mean and contracted, as they are generous and 
enlarged in other instances."—Bish. N. on the Prop. 
p. 189. 
A comparison of this with your extract from the 
bishop, will enable the reader to judge whether 
you fairly represent Newton's opinion of Grotius. 
Bishop Newton elsewhere says of him : 
" Excellently learned as Grotius was, a consum-
mate scholar, a judicious critic, a valuable author; 
yet was he certainly no prophet, nor the son of a 
prophet." He then goes on to say, that, " in ex-
plaining the prophecies, scarcely have more mis-
takes been committed by any of the worst and 
weakest commentators, than by him, who is usually 
one of the best and ablest."—p. 393. 
As Grotius goes into Syria to find ten individual 
kings as those symbolized by the ten horns, it will 
be seen that his historical statements respecting 
the divisions of modern Europe are independent of 
his views of prophecy. It is not in a department 
where be is confessedly weak and mistaken, that 
we inquire of him ; but one in which, in the lan-
guage of Bishop Newton, he is" excellently learned," 
a " consummate scholar," a " judicious critic," and 
" a valuable author." When Grotius makes dec-
larations respecting the Lombards, he gives his 
authorities, and quotes from " Pauli Warnefridi de 
Gest. Langobardi." 
And is sustained also by 
" Procopii Hist. Vand." and " Sigonii de Reg. Ital." 
The historical statements in support of this, were 
given in the " Chronological Table " of last week, 
under the date of A. D. 453. 
" Paul Warnefrid's Miscellany, expressly asserts 
that the Gepidm, of whom the Lombards were a 
branch, passed the Danube in the reigns of Arca-
dins and Honorius and settled arounSingidunum 
and Sirmium."—Grot. Proleg. p. 53. 
" Procopius also represents the Lombards, on 
the death of Attila, as taking possession of that 
part of Pannonia which
i 
 had before been occupied 
by the Huns."—Ilist. Vend. lib. i, pp. 5, 6. 
* It would not have greatly extended your article 
had you given the additional particulars which 
Rotteck has stated. Singidunum and Sirmium, 
where Warnefrid asserts that the Lombards settled 
in the reigns of Arcadius and Honorius, were south 
of the Danube near the present city of Belgrade, 
in Turkey, east of the ancient Rugeland which is 
now in the grand duchy of Austria. Now Rotteck 
asserts, on the same page, and only three lines above 
where you began to quote, that the Langobards 
[Lombards] went into Rugeland as early as " about 
488." He says : 
" Already in the time of Augustus, the Romans 
fought with the Langobards, who dwelt then to the 
west of the Elbe, and gradually approached the 
Rhine. Besides, the Langobards appear in the great 
alliance of the Marcomanni. After their entrance 
into Rugeland (about 488), they were at first har-
assed by the Heruli, and indeed subjected. But 
they arose in 495 and overthrew the Herulian 
kingdom. A part of the vanquished united with 
the Gepidre. 
" The valiant and prudent Ardaric had extended 
the dominion of the last nation, after the death of 
Attila, over Dacia and Pannonia. This kingdom 
flourished one hundred years. Then it was des-
troyed by the Langobards. The king of the last, 
Audoin (527), occupied, with the permission of 
Justinian, a part of Pannonia. Alhoin, his suc-
cessor,warlike and savage, overcame the king of 
the epidee, Kunimund, and put him to death 
(567): —.Rotteck, Ihst. of World, v. 2, pp. 48, 49. 
Thus your own witness places one of your rejected 
horns within the Roman territory before 500, which 
you select for the epoch of their enumeration. 
Their going " into Rugeland about,488 " does not 
conflict with their previous settlement " around 
Singidunum and Sirmium," on the south of the 
Danube. 
j- You do not pretend to give the words of Smith, 
and we have not his Dictionary at hand to verify 
your sense of him. Those ancient writers, who 
lived nearer to the times respecting which they 
wrote, must take precedence of all subsequent 
writers ; unless the latter can show from equally 
ancient authorities, that the former were in error 
A new revolution happened in Italy (568) by, 
the invasion of the Lombards. This people, who 
originally inhabited the northern part of Germany 
on the Elbe, and formed a branch of the great na-
tion of the Suevi, had at length fixed themselves 
in Pannonia (527), after several times changing 
their abode."—Rev. in Eu. 50. 
Again you speak of the Britons as possessing a 
territory " about as large as our state of New Jer-
sey." But Wales was not all the territory on the 
British isle over which the Britons reigned. Gib-
bon, in speaking of the native Islanders late in the 
6th century, says : " After a war of a hundred years 
the independent Britons still occupied the whole 
extent of the western coast, from the wall of An-
toninus, to the extreme promontory of Cornwall ; 
and the principal cities of the inland country still 
opposed the arms of the barbarians."—Vol. 3, p. 
620.* 
NOW then after all that has, or can be said in 
relation. to its insignificance, it was larger in ter-
ritory than that of the Burgundians, whom you 
reckon in the number of the ten kings. In count-
ing the Britons. as one, it was not " necessary," 
permit me to say, " to ignore the existence of ten 
contemporary kingdoms, with the plucking up of 
one of them before that time." Mr. Mode con-
nected the Britons in his classification of the ten 
kings, and he will not be regarded as second to 
Dr. Hales, Bishop Newton, or Bishop Lloyd, in 
respect to a thorough acquaintance with what you 
are pleased to term " those sources of information, 
by which such questions are decided ;" or in re-
spect to a " mature judgment, and acute logical 
powers of discrimination ;" or presenting " sound. 
and cogent reasons " for what some may regard as 
heresy.f 
After referring to the Huns, Gepidm, Lombards, 
and the Alemans ; and endeavoring to prove from 
history -that the last did not exist as a kingdom 
subsequently to 496, you proceed to show that the 
argument is defective in five particulars ; and as 
the first does not militate against our position, it 
in their statements. This remark will also apply 
to your next extract from " Rev. in Eu.," which 
we have not at hand, to see whether a more full 
extract would have disproved your position,—as 
in the quotations front Rotteck and Newton. 
* We made no intimation that a territory the 
size of the sovereign state of New Jersey, was in-
sufficient for the location of one of the horns. The 
dimensions of the territory, needful for the site of 
a kingdom is not a question at issue. And the in-
significance of the territory of the Britons, was no 
where stated as a reason for their rejection. We 
stated a geographical fact, when illustrating the 
dimensions of Wales, by the size of the state of 
New Jersey. 
As reference is now made to the promontory of 
Cornwall, it may be well to add, that it is the 
south-western part of England, comprising an ex-
tent of country a trifle larger than our state of 
Rhode Island,—through the whole length of which 
extends a ridge of bleak and rugged hills, and the 
general aspect of which is very dreary. And the 
remaining portion of the western coast maintained 
by the Britons, was no less desolate and drear. 
As you have already copied from Bishop New-
ton—(see your article of last week) that Mr. Mede 
selected the epoch of A. D. 456 for his enumera-
tion of the ten kingdoms—which was twenty years 
before the end of the Western Empire and the rise 
of the Heruli, it. was necessary for him to include 
the Britons, or he would have failed in his enu-
meration of ten. When we come down twenty 
years to the conquest of Rome by the Heruli, we 
have ten contemporaneous kingdoms besides the 
Eastern, which you call " another," without in-
cluding the Britons ; and as such is to be the ex-
isting number, which you lay down as marking the 
epoch of the rise of the little horn, it should have 
arisen on that principle before that number was 
broken by the plucking up of the Heruli. As 
you see fit to disregard, the characteristics which 
you have laid down as decisive marks of the epoch 
from which to date, the first time they exist, and 
select a subSequent period for their existence, you 
do virtually ignore their having once existed. And. 
the exigency of your theory necessitates you, like 
Mede for 456, to reckon the Britons as a horn with-
out which, your date of 519 would he valueless to 
you, and with which, it is of no significance to us. 
If, however, the authority of Mede is so authori-
tative to you, in the enumeration of the horns, 
why do you not follow it ? Why adduce testimony 
to reject it Do you think to strengthen your 
cause by contradicting your own witnesses ? If 
Mode is good authority for the Britons, why not 
for his entire catalogue? You well know that if 
you adopt his ten, the rise of the Heruli would 
make your " eleven," and compel you to date your 
periods at an earlier era than you have selected. 
391 
THE ADVENT HERALD. 
being a fact that we fully endorse, we pass to con-
sider the second.* You remark : 
" As the kingdoms of Odoacer which we name 
the Heruli must be reckoned as one of the ten 
horns, as with its subversion of the Western Em-
pire, it made the tenth of the Barbaric kingdoms, 
—these being in existence when it arose, the Huns, 
continued by the Gepidee, Vandals, Suevi, Visi-
goths, Burgundians, Franks, Saxons, Ostrogoths, 
Lombards, and the kingdom of Odoacer making 
the tenth." 
Now then if you had, with Mr. Mede and Bishop 
Newton, reckoned the Britons, who at this time 
(476) occupied more territory on the Isle of Great 
Britain than was occupied by the Burgundians in 
.France, you would have had eleven instead of ten, 
as you remark ; and to the above add the inde-
pendent ntttions or kingdoms in Gaul, and you 
have no less than thirteen in the empire when you 
say there were ten, a history of which you may 
find in Kahlrausch ; for, in speaking of the nations 
who dwelt in Gaul, he says : 
" On the Lower Rhine, on the Maas and the 
Scheldt, as far as the Netherlands, and in the 
north of France, dwelt the branches of the Franks ; 
the most considerable of which were the Salians, 
in the Netherlands, and the Ripuarians, dwelling 
along the coasts of the Rhine.' 
" Close to them, on the Seine, a Roman governor, 
of the name of Syagrius, maintained his power for 
ten years longer, until the year 486, when already 
there was no longer an Emperor in Rome." 
" The north-western point of France, the present 
Britany, had already been occupied much earlier 
by fugitives from Britain, who had fled before the 
Picts, and then formed under the name of Armo-
ricm, an alliance of free cities." 
" South-eastern France, Savoy, and Western 
Switzerland, belonged now to the Burgundians. 
Their chief cities were Geneva, Besancon, Lyons, 
and Vienne." 
" South-western France, from the Loire and the 
Rhone to the Pyranees, was subject to the Goths." 
—Mat. of Ger. by Kahlrausch, pp. 91, 924 
(To be continued.) 
THE DISCUSSION. 
BRO. BLISS :—In the last Herald I have read 
an article signed J. Litch, concerning the great 
" tribulation " of Matthew and Luke. If it is 
identical with the time of trouble spoken of in ban. 
21:1, when Michael stands up, and the resurrec-
tion takes place, as he affirms, then all the signs of 
Christ's coming are still in the future, and how far 
no one knows. . 
Brother Litch says, (and the editor seems [not] 
to agree with him,) that the time of trouble in Dan. 
12:1 is identical—that is, if I understand him, the 
self-same thing—as the tribulation of Matt. 24:21. 
Now, look at the cause of the trouble in Dan. 12:1. 
And at that time shall Michael stand up, the 
great prince which standeth for the children of thy 
people." Yes, standeth for the holy people to de-
liver them, not against them, as in Matt.—tribu-
lation. Now I take it for granted, that bro. Litch 
admits this personage to be Christ. And he causes 
the trouble, because at his revelation the nations 
will be angry, his day of wrath will be come, tak-
ing vengeance on them that know not God, and 
obey not the gospel. They will call for the rocks 
and mountains to fall on them, to hide them from 
his presence. They will be consumed with the 
breath of his lips, and given to the burning flame. 
Surely this will be a time of trouble to the wicked, 
" such as never was since there was a nation, even 
to that same time." " And at that time thy peo-
ple shall be delivered, every one that is written in 
the book,"—delivered from this trouble, and all 
trouble, delivered from the last enemy, " death," 
and shout victory over the grave. He comes to be 
admired by all who believe, to gather the people 
his saints. The abomination of desolation, or 
* In your article to which we replied, you gave 
493 for the rise of the Ostrogoths. With so late 
a commencement, it would not have been contem-
porary with the Heruli. This " first particular 
to which you refer, was a correction of their era, 
by placiing their rise in 453. As you now " fully 
endorse " this, your own list of the ten kingdoms 
are all admitted by you to have been in existence 
before the conquest of Rome by the Heruli, so that 
the rise of your last does not limit you to 493 as 
you stated in your article—on your own argument, 
—for the commencement of the period in which to 
look for the rise of the little horn. 
t If these superfluous ones thus enumerated, 
 
were entitled to a place as horns, why do you 
omit them in your enumeration ? If they were not 
worthy, why do you refer to them ? If they are 
kingdoms, there was a time in the period of their 
rise, when there were " just ten and another," to 
which your theory would compel you back to. 
We reject the Britons in Wales, for reasons analo-
gous to those for which, probably, you reject the 
Britons in Brittany. In including one, to be con-
sistent, you should include the other. We reject 
both. 
tribulation, of Matthew and Luke, was to scatter 
the power of the holy people, and that tribulation 
was against the elect 1260 days, the same time that 
the woman fled into the wilderness, where she was 
nourished for a time, times, and a half a time. 
This surely was a time of great tribulation, such 
as was not since the beginning of the world to this 
time, no, nor ever shall be, because this trouble, 
or tribulation, was against the elect, and never 
should be again. And except those days should 
be shortened, there should no flesh be saved, but 
for the elect's sake those days should be shortened. 
It don't say those days should be short, but it does 
say the saints were given into the hands of the lit-
tle horn long enough to wear them out, and should 
be until a time, and times, and the dividing of 
time, which time brother L. has told one is 1260 
years, and proved so by history. The days should 
be shortened for the elect's sake, or no flesh could 
be saved. Because if the days were not shortened 
no saint could have survived ; and if the saints 
were all destroyed out of the earth, would any 
flesh survive a day. " Ye are the salt of the earth." 
Remove them, and how quick all flesh would per-
ish. History informs us these days were short-
ened, and the tribulation nearly ceased before the 
1260 years expired. But in those days, (Mark 13 : 
24 informs us,) after that tribulation, " the sun 
should be darkened." Now, if this tribulation is 
identical with Daniel's trouble, then (if I under-
stand the brother) the coming of Christ must be 
the abomination spoken of by Daniel, and refers 
to himself when spoken of by him in Matthew and 
Mark, and his standing up (or as Matthew says, 
standing where he ought not,) is the cause of this 
tribulation, which after 'tis past we are told the 
sun should be darkened, and the moon shall not 
give her light, which should be a sign of his com-
ing, or as Daniel has it, standing up. There ap-
pears to me a vast difference between the two 
events : the one is to scatter the "power " of the 
holy people, persecute and destroy the saints. 
When they see it, they were to flee from it as for 
their lives ; and they were commanded to pray 
that it might not oblige them to travel through a 
winter's snow, or cause a break of the Sabbath 
day by a sudden escape for their lives, and woe to 
those who were not in a fit condition to fly in haste. 
And then if any man shall say to you, Lo, here is 
Christ, or lo, he is there, believe him not. This is 
not Christ's coming, nor is it identical with it. 
Christ's coming is yet future, and I think takes 
place at the time of Daniel's trouble, when his 
peeple are to be delivered, and raised to eternal 
life ; when they are commanded not to flee, for if 
they do seek to save their lives in this event, they 
will lose it ; but if they give up their lives they 
shall save them, and they shall say then, Lo, here 
is Christ, or, Lo, this is our God, we have waited 
for him. Yes, you may not only believe, but knote 
that this is our God that has come in the glory of 
the Father, with all his holy angels, to gather his 
saints, not to scatter them. Here the elect are 
saved. This is the time of the third woe, which 
cometh quickly on the inhabitants of the earth. 
(Rev. 11 : 13-18.) This is as I believe identical 
with Daniel's trouble. The nations of the earth, 
and all the wicked, are in such trouble as never 
happened to them before since there was a nation 
on earth, and the saints delivered, their reward 
takes place. 
Brother Litch says, to believe or say that before 
this time of trouble spoken of by Daniel, the chil-
dren of God are delivered, is an entire assumption. 
He says : " The text does not affirm their deliver-
ance before this trouble, but intimates that they 
will. go through it, and be delivered from it." 
Now, as the brother admits they are delivered from 
it, and do not experience it, 'tis enough for me to 
say, Amen. Let God decide the time. 
L. WILCOX. 
REMARKS. 
Those who deny the commencement of the tribu-
lation, spoken of by the Saviour, with the destruc-
tion of Jerusalem, and limit " those days " to the 
1260 of Daniel, overlook many important particu-
lars : 
The overspreading of that abomination syn-
chronized with the encompassing of Jerusalem 
with armies, which connects its commencement 
with the destruction of Jerusalem. 
It was to overspread the kodesh mountain—
the holy place, which is Judea, and not some other 
locality. 
When the abominations shall thus overspread, 
those in Judea were to flee to the mountains ; and 
not those living in some other part of the world. 
Those in Judea did flee before its conquest by 
the Romans; but have never thus fled from before 
the Papacy. 
When the days are spoken of as being " short-
ened," the days tare used by a metonymy for the 
" tribulation" which was to transpire in them ; and 
it was the tribulation, and not the days which was 
to be shortened ; for it was in those days, and after 
that tribulation (Mark 13 : 24) that the tokens of 
the approaching consummation were to be mani-
fested. 
The " days " referred to by the Saviour, must 
be the " times of the Gentiles," (Luke 21 : 24) ; 
until the fulfilment of which, Jerusalem was to 
be trodden down of the Gentiles. And they cannot 
be the 1260, without making the 1260 terminate 
after the giving of all the signs of the consumma-
tion ; for, as before shown, they were all to be in 
those days ; which is an additional argument to 
show that the times of the Gentiles were the days 
referred to. 
The time of tribulation was evidently short-
ened by the reformation of Luther, which enlight-
ened many nations, and resulted in a multitude of 
converts. Had it not been for that reformation 
few, comparatively, would, in all probability, have 
been saved during the last three centuries ; and 
therefore it was necessary for the accomplishment 
of God's purposes. But with that reformation, it 
would be difficult to affirm that no flesh would have 
been saved without some subsequent shortening of 
the days ; and therefore no other interpretation of 
the shortening meets the requirements of the pre-
diction.—ED. 
ALBYN. 
" HE had been found watching, and before the 
assembled army he received his full reward. I 
gazed till I could see no more the young boy's 
single figure as it stood in the living light ; and as 
I gazed, I found at last my eyes were fixed on va-
cancy, for Albyn had passed away. He had gone 
with Erza to the land of the King."—From" The 
Vast Army." 
Lo the battle's strife is ended 
And the soldier's warfare past ; 
War's rude sounds no more are blended, 
Sky no more is overcast. 
Cheer thee, Albyn ! 
For thy King is come at last. 
Through the night so dark and dreary 
Thou th' unceasing watch didst keep ; 
Enemies with hate unwearied 
Bade thee slumber not nor sleep. 
Watchful Albyn ! 
Thou no more shalt watch or weep. 
While the foe's dark ranks were swelling, 
While he pressed thee like a flood ; 
Thou the Tempter's shafts repelling, 
Faithful to thy banner stood. 
Faithful Albyn ! 
Thou didst love the true and good. 
Now with gathered millions gleaming, 
Albyn stands before the King, 
And the cross his forehead beaming, 
Tells of joys that faith shall bring. 
Joyous Albyn ! 
Take thy harp nor cease to sing. 
Who can tell what bliss unbounded 
Thy young heart in blessing fills ; 
When in dulcet tones 'tis sounded— 
" Pass beyond the ancient hills." 
Rapturous Albyn ! 
Greater bliss thy bosom thrills. 
Far off strains of sweetest music 
Make thy pulses throb and glow ; 
And the living light grows brighter 
On that calm and peaceful brow. 
Blessed Albyn ! 
Would that we were like thee now ! 
While we gaze, thee scarce discerning, 
'Mid the " eastern glow " so bright ; 
Suddenly in splendor shrouded 
Thou art gone beyond our sight. 
Glorious Albyn ! 
Gone to dwell in realms of light. 
Gone where summer shineth ever— 
Where the fight of faith is o'er, • 
Where thy foes shall vex thee never—
Where the soldier strives no more. 
Happy Albyn ! 
King of kings for aye adore. D. T. T. 
Obituan). 
' I am the resurrection and the life he that believeth in me, 
though he were dead, yet shall he live and whosoever liveth, and 
believeth in me, shall never die."—JonN 11: 25, 26. 
DEATH OF LITTLE HARRY.—In the obituary of OUT 
beloved and much lamented brother Smith, of Au-
burn, I mentioned his little son Harry, who com-
forted hie mother with the hope of his father's res-
urrection. How little did his fond mother think 
that the voice of the little comforter would so soon 
be hushed in death ! But little Harry has gone, 
and now lies by the side of his father in the grave-
yard at Auburn. He died Oct. 9th, of dropsy on 
the brain. In a letter from sister Smith she says : 
" Time and again had he talked to me about the 
resurrection, and when he saw me sad, he would 
lead my thoughts to the time when Jesus would 
come and raise his dear father. He was a great 
sufferer before he died. The last week he could 
neither see, hear, nor speak, until the morning of 
the day on which he died. About 9 o'clock he 
looked up in my face so wistful, that his grand-
mamma thought he knew me. I said to him, 
Harry, do you know me? Can mamma do any-
thing for her dear boy ?' After quite a little effort 
he asked for drink, and then motioned for me to 
take him. I took him in my arms, and he said, 
Rock me.' These were his last words. He lin-
gered until half-past 4 o'clock—the same hour his 
father died—his spirit returned to God who gave 
it. In yonder graveyard they lie—my two liar-
rys ! Oh God, give me grace to drink this bitter 
cup without murmuring !" Deeply do we sympa-
thize with our dear sister in her double affiictio n 
May the Lord comfort her. 
L. D. M. 
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• 
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392 
THE ADVENT HERALD. 
Selim Pasilia has crossed the Russian frontier in 
Asia, and a battle has taken place at Battoum ; 
5000 men were engaged, and both armies fell back 
as night came on. In the second battle at Asker 
the Russians were defeated. 
Oct. 20.—Mastro Bey, an officer of Selim Pasha's 
staff, with a small force, was suddenly attacked by 
a body of Russian cavalry ; he fell back, fighting, 
towards the main body of the Turkish army, and a 
battle soon became general ; 15,000 Russians were 
engaged in the affair. After bard fighting, the 
Russians were defeated and forced to retire before 
the Turks, who planted the Sultan's standard, and 
made their quarters at the Russian position of 
Orelle, eight hours' distance from Ciorockdere, 
where the battle begun. 
The Russian force defeated, and driven back to 
Bucharest, was the main body of the Russians, 
under General Dannenburg, and was from 30,000 
to 40,000 strong. If this be true, the news may 
be summed up thus triumphantly for the Turks : 
the Turks have beaten the Russians in Asia. The 
Turkish left wing in Europe has beaten the Russian 
right, comprising their principal force ; while the 
Turkish centre has whipped 9000 Russians at Tur-
tukai, and is now pressing on Bucharest. 
The policy of the Russians is supposed to be to 
draw the Turks from their present advantageous 
positions, and with the aid of reinforcements, now 
on the way, to bring them to a battle that shall 
decide the campaign. The intention of Omar 
Pasha, is to keep his promise, to drive the Rue-
sians from the Principalities, and to make his head 
quarters at Bucharest. 
Diplomacy lags uselessly in the rear of the fight-
ing ; and even yet, hopes are entertained of adjust-
ing matters, but not until after a decisive battle 
shall have been fought. A condition is also said 
to exist that to save the Czar's amour propre nego-
tiations shall not be recommenced after any en-
gagement in which the Russians are worsted. 
Typhus fever is said to bo raging in the Russian 
ranks, and has reduced the number of its fighting 
men to 85,000. It will be six weeks before rein-
forcements can arrive from Bessarabia. The Czar 
has requested the Montenegrines to operate against 
the Turks. 
The Porte has decided that foreign refugees shall 
not be employed in Europe, but may serve in Asia. 
Abdi Pasha is to be removed from the Asiatic 
command. 
Constantinople is quiet. 
Austria is keeping strict watch on the movements 
of Servia, and is concentrating a force on that fron-
tier ; but otherwise remains neutral. The Servian 
government meanwhile has ordered its population 
to arm, and informed the Porte that neither Aus-
tria nor Russia will be permitted to occupy Servia. 
Reschid Pasha has informed Austria that Tur-
key will expect the Austrian government to pro-
hibit the Russians from supplying the Montene-
grines with arms through the port of Cattaro. 
It is said that Austria offers to remain entirely 
neutral if the Porte will refrain from employing 
Austrian refugees in the army. As Hungarians 
hold high commands in the Turkish army, the 
Porte is likely to refuse to accede to the terms, al-
though not employing them in Europe. 
Five Russian officers had arrived at Constanti-
nople, prisoners of war. 
Admirals Dundas and Hameloa are at Constan-
tinople. The fleets are anchored in the Bosphorus. 
It is rumored that Bucharest has been stormed ; 
perhaps premature. 
The son of Abbas Pasha is named Minister of 
War, and fresh levies are raising in Egypt. The 
pay of the Turkish army is disbursed regularly. 
Yzennv, Nov. 10th, evening.—The following are 
the conditions insisted on by Omar Pasha, in a note 
forwarded to Gortschakoff : 
All the strongholds in the principalities to be 
immediately given into the hands of the Turks. 
The complete evacuation of the principalities as 
speedily as possible ; and a guarantee of all powers 
against a similar invasion. 
Paris, 11th, evening.—According to the latest 
accounts from Constantinople, the Sultan has posi-
tively rejected all propositions which the diploma-
tists have submitted to him. 
It is freely reported that 25,000 French troops 
will be sent to Turkey, but orders will not be given 
by the Minister of War until the receipt of a des-
patch from General D'Hilliers, at Constantinople. 
BILLs.—All those who will anticipate our send-
ing bills to delinquents, by forwarding us the 
amount of their due, will do us quite a favor, will 
save us some trouble, and will do an act, the after 
contemplation of which will he very complacent 
and satisfactory to theinselves. 
To PAY HERALD SENT TO THE Pooa.--Jottn Maguire, $1 ; A. W. 
Wadsworth, $1. 
Contents of this No. 
Day without Night 585 
The Dead 
 385 
Death Warrant of Christ 385 
Chronological Table of Events 
connected with the Papacy 386 
Schamyl the Circassian Chief 387 
Moses—his Moral Greatness 387 
The Prophecy of Isaiah 385 
 
Inquiries 
 388 
Russia and Turkey 388 
Time of the Advent 389 
Rejoinder . 
 390 
The Discussion 391 
A lby n 
 391 
Foreign News 
 392 
 
ADVENT HERALD. 
BOSTON, DECEMBER 3, 1853. 
TO AGENTS AND CORRESPONDENTS. 
In writing to this office, let everything of a business nature be 
put on a part of the sheet by itself, or on a separate sheet, so as not 
to be mixed up with other matters. 
Orders fur publications should be headed "Order," and the 
names and number of each work wanted should be specified on a 
line devoted to it. This will avoid confusion and mistakes. 
Communications for the Herald should be written with care, in 
a legible hand, carefully punctuated, and headed, "For the Herald." 
The writing should not be crowded, nor the lines be too near to-
gether. When they are thus, they often cannot be read. Before 
being sent, they should be carefully re-read, and all superfluous 
words, tautological remarks, and disconnected and illogical sentences 
omitted. 
Everything of a private nature should be headed "Private." 
In sending names of new subscribers, or money for subscrip 
tions, let the name and Post-office address (i. e., the town, county. 
and state) be distinctly given. 
Between the name and the address, a comma (,) should always be 
inserted, that it may be seen what pertains to the name, and what to 
the address. 
Where more than one subscriber is referred to, let the business of 
each one constitute a paragraph by itself. 
Let everything be stated explicitly, and in as few words as will 
give a clear expression of the writer's meaning. 
By complying with these directions, we shall be saved much per-
plexity, and not be obliged to read a mass of irrelevant matter to 
learn the wishes of our correspondents. 
Western Tour. 
ELDER IIIMES will preach as follows : 
St. Albans, Hancock county, Ill., (conference), 
Dec. 10th and 11th. 
Chili, Dec. 12th, evening, as R. Schellhouse may 
arrange. 
Cooperstown, Brown county, Ill., Dec. 13th and 
14th, evening, as brother Mallery may appoint. 
Perry, Pike county, Ill., evening, Dec. 15th, as 
Mr. Winslow may appoint. 
Springfield, Ill., Dec. lith and 18th. 
tt ANALYSIS OF SACRED CHRONOLOGY ; with the 
Elements of Chronology ; and the numbers of the 
Hebrew text vindicated." By S. Bliss. Published 
at this office. 
We find the following unsolicited notice of this 
work, from the pen of a clergyman in Hartford, 
Ct., in the Religious Herald,. published in that 
city. The book was prepared for just such an 
emergency as the present, and an extensive circu-
lation of it at this time, would be a help to many 
who for the want of a little chronological informa-
tion are liable to be deceived by false and specious 
pretences. 
This is a very valuable contribution to our 
list of works to aid in the study of the Scriptures, 
by our former fellow-citizen. No subject is less 
understood, or more necessary to a proper under-
standing of the sacred text, than this of Chronolo-
gy. We commend the work to all ministers, Bible-
()lass teachers, and whoever desires to study the 
Bible. Mr. Bliss has here abridged into a small 
compass all the more valuable results of the larger 
works of Hales, Usher and others. With admira-
ble skill he has examined, compared, and chosen 
from the great writers upon Scripture Chronology. 
There is moreover, in a small compass a great 
amount of original study. In such a book a man's 
labors are not appreciated. It is a little treatise 
you can get for thirty-seven and a half cents and 
it is worth six months' study—cheap reading for 
so long a time." 
The New York Evangelist denominated it, " a 
succinct arrangement of Bible history, according 
to the chronology of Dr. Hales, and well adapted 
to give clearness to its incomparable narratives. 
The plan of the work strikes us as ingenious—as 
most assuredly its object is excellent." 
(From the Congregationalist.) 
" The object of this work, is to arrange the 
Chronology of Scripture events, so that the sub-
ject may be easily studied. In the language of 
the preface I an original feature of this analysis 
is the presenting in full, and in chronological or-
der, the words of inspiration, which have a bear-
ing on the time of the events and predictions 
therein recorded.' The work bears evidence of 
much labor, and may be used with much profit by 
the student of the Bible." 
(From Zion's Herald.) 
" It is a brief but thorough outline of the science 
—defining all its technicalities, and introducing 
the unlearned reader to quite a comprehensive view 
of it." 
(From Lord's Literary and Theological Journal.) 
" This brief epitome of the Chronology of the 
Scriptures, furnishes a large amount of useful in-
formation in respect to the times of the persons 
and occurrences that are mentioned in the Bible." 
JUST PUBLISHED AT THIS OFFICE.—" Memoir of 
Perrnelia Ann Carter. With a brief account of 
her life, and containing extracts from her Journal 
and Letters, with miscellaneous articles. Edited 
by her Sister. Boston : J. V. Ilimes, No. 8 Char-
don-street. 1853." 
This little work has been for some weeks an-
nounced as in progress and is now ready for deliv-
ery. Price, 33 cents ; postage, 5 eta. 
THE Youth's Guide for November, was delayed 
till this week by a press of other duties, which 
will explain to our little folks the cause of their 
disappointment. 
FOREIGN NEWS. 
IT is reported that the Czar of Russia has formed 
an alliance with Dost Mohamed, to proclaim war 
against the British in India, if Britain persists in 
supporting Turkey. A large Russian force is to 
invade Bakhast. It is also stated that a Persian 
army is collecting in the valley of Soolbania, to co-
operate with Russia against Turkey. If the above 
is confirmed, the British Parliament will assemble 
forthwith to devise measures to meet the dangers 
that threaten India ; but from other sources we 
learn that Persia is not hostile to Turkey. So per-
haps all is baseless. 
Russia has declared war against Turkey. The 
Czar has issued the following arrogant manifesto : 
" By the grace of God, we, Nicholas the 1st, 
Emperor and Autocrat of all the Russias—By our 
manifesto of the 14th of June, of the present year, 
we informed our faithful and well beloved subjects 
of the motives which made it incumbent on us to 
demand from the Ottoman Porte inviolable guaran-
ties in favor of the sacred rights of the Orthodox 
Church. We at the same time announced to them 
that all our efforts to bring the Porte, by means of 
amicable persuasion, to sentiments of equity, and 
to a faithful observance of treaties, had remained 
fruitless; and that consequently we deemed it in-
dispensable to order our troops to advance into the 
principalities of the Danube ; but in adopting 
that measure we still entertained the hope that the 
Porte would confess its errors, and would resolve 
to give satisfaction to our just reclamations. 
" Our expectations have been deceived, It is in 
vain also that the great powers of Europe have 
endeavored by their exhortations to shake the blind 
obstinacy of the Ottoman government. It is by a 
declaration of war—by a proclamation replete with 
foul accusations against Russia that it replied to 
the pacific effbrts of Europe and to our forbearance, 
finally enrolling in the ranks of its army the revo-
lutionists of all countries. The Porte has com-
menced hostilities on the Danube. Russia is pro-
voked to the combat. No other means is left her 
than a recourse to arms to compel the Ottoman 
government to respect its treaties ; and to obtain 
from it the reparation of the offences by which it 
responded to our most moderate demands ; and to 
our legitimate solicitude for the defence of the 
orthodox faith in the East, which is also the reli-
gion of the Russian people. We are firmly con-
vinced that our faithful subjects will join in the 
fervent prayer which we addressed to the most High 
that His hand may deign to bless our arms in the 
holy and just cause which has at all times found 
ardent defenders in our pious ancestors. In to 
Domino sperarz non confoundar Acteruum. 
" Done at Barskol on the 20th day of October 
(3d November, N. S.) in the year of grace 1853 ; 
and the 28th of our reign. NICHOLAS." 
The following official telegraphic despatch has 
been received : 
The. Consul of France at Bucharest to M. de Bour-
guency, Nov. 6th.—On the 2d and 3d of November, 
the Turks crossed the Danube from Turlukai to 
Oltenitza, to the number of about 18,000 men. 
On the 4th, Gen. Parlof attacked them with 9,000 
men, and after a brisk cannonade, a combat of 
bayonets took place between the two armies. The 
'lurks maintained their position at Oltenitza, and 
have fortified themselves. The combat lasted three 
hours ; in it the Russians lost several officers, and 
136 privates killed, and 6 superior officers, 18 sub-
alterns, and 479 privates wounded. The loss on 
the Turkish side is not known. 
Four thousand Turks have occupied Kalarche, 
and 2000 more have established themselves on an 
island in front of Guirgivo, whilst 12,000 men are 
in Lesser Wallachia. 
A private account of this battle says ; " Ano-
ther engagement has ensued, in which 14 superior 
Russian officers fell. The Turks remained masters 
of the field ; and the Russians were retreating to 
Bucharest. Previous to the battle the Turks had 
constructed a building and tete de pont at Kalafat, 
which served as a basis of their operations. It 
appears that Omar Pasha crossed at three points 
with 18,000 men, 12,000 at Oltenitza ; 4000 at 
Kalavache ; and 2000 at Guirgivo. Skirmishes 
continually occurred at the outposts. 
Before the crossing of the Danube a body of 
Cossacks came to the river bank and made a sign 
of insult to the Egyptians, who rushed to their 
boats, rowed across the river in the face of the 
Cossack fire, and having punished them well, chas-
ing them some distance inland, returned in tri-
umph to their camp." 
There are rumors of several other movements of 
the Turks at different points along the Danube ; 
also the destruction of a Russian steamer at Hor-
soya ; but these reports, though probable, do not 
rest on authority sufficent to state as facts. Among 
others is the following : 
Constantinople, Oct. 11.—Lebanon is disturbed. 
"Youth's Guide." 
THE " YOUTH'S GUIDE" is published the first week in each month 
at this office. Terms (in advance)—Single copy, 25 cents a year; 
twenty-five copies, $5 ; fifty copies, $9 ; Canada subscribers (with 
postage pre-paid), 31 cts. ; English subscribers, 2s. 
00 THE NOV. NO. 
The Most Unhappy. 
Wills, Won'ts, and Can'ts. 
Hard to be Good. 
Saved by a Coon Skin. 
He Tilts Us Over. 
The Frog. 
Come, Children, Come. 
Christian Heroism. 
Knocked Back. 
A Puzzle, Enigmas, &c. 
Appointments, Re. 
T. TAYLOR will preach near brother Robinson's, in Odletown, 
day evening, Dec. 10th, and hold It four or five days, if practica-
Dee. 6th ; will commence a meeting at West Randolph, Vt., Satur-
ble ; at Waterbury, Sunday, 18th. 
• • 
N. BILLINGS will preach in Waterbury, Vt., 
from Burlington ; Low Hampton, N. Y., Sabbath, 11th. Week-
day meetings at 7 r. M. 
Burlington, 6th ; Middlebury, 7th and 8th, as brother Hurd may 
arrange—will brother II. call fur me at the depot morning train 
Sabbath, December 4th ; 
EDWIN BURNHAM will hold a conference in Whitefield, N. H., to be-
gin Thursday evening, Dec. 8th, and hold over the Sabbath. (In 
behalf of the brethren.)—W. H. EASTMAN. 
PLEASE publish in the Herald the following notice:—Edwin Burns 
ham will commence a meeting at Alton Centre, N. II., on Thurs-
day, Dec. 29th, and continue over the Sabbath.--Cfm.s. Rowers. 
BURNHAM and F. H. Beaten will commence a conference in Hol-
derness Dec. 15th, evening, and continue over the Sabbath.—J MIN 
SHAW. 
wisn you to insert the following notice in the Herald :—A confer-
ence will be held at Poland, Me. (in the meeting-house on Meg-
quire's Hill, so called,) to commence Wednesday evening, Dec. 
7th, and continue Over the Sabbath. Brethren J. Couch and F. 
H. Berick will be present. We hope there will be a general at 
tendance. There will be conveyance for those coming in 'the cars 
on Wednesday r. st. and Thursday, stopping at Mechanic Falls 
station. (in behalf of the brethren.)—C. F. JORDAN.. 
A CONFERENCE is to be held in Kingston, N. II., commencing Mon-
day evening, Dec. 12th, to continue (evenings) till Thursday night, 
and Friday and Saturday, day oral evening, and Sunday. Elders 
Plummer, Osier, and Pearson are expected. Brethren and sisters 
in the vicinity .are affectionately invited to be present.—WESLEY 
BURNIIA2d, N. BROWN. 
BUSINESS DEPARTMENT. 
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E. Marsh—Could not supply sets of those papers, nor continuous 
back numbers of the Herald. 
FITCH'S MONUMENT. 
Cost of Monument 
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S. F. 
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Total received 
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the money credited pays. No. 606 seas the closing number of 
1852; No. 632 is to the end of the volume in June, 1853; and 
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CONTENTS 
Michael the Miner. 
Avoid Bad Company. 
Ingratitude. 
An Interesting Experiment. 
Hints to Teachers. 
Little John Brown. 
Sodom Destroyed. 
How He Got a Place. 
Artless Simplicity. 
The Child's Comfort.