Cleveland, Detroit and Toronto. He died in 1891 (1) The years 1874-8 saw the formation of voluntary Associations for the promlgation of Anglo-Israelisn in Southampton, Bristol, London, Hastings and Portsmouth. The interest that Wilson had aroused by oral and printed lectures and which had resulted only in study grops, became a movement with definite consistency when Hine and others began to actively promote it. Among the names of the organizers of these first Associations are to be found those of ©. W. Bird, Douglas Onslow, F. R. A. Glover, L. G. A. Roberts, and later those of Denis Hanan, H. Alder Smith, and W. "I. H. ilner. (2) E. W. 3ird, a retired judge from the indian civil service, first contributed to ‘line's Life from the Dead in 1875, and then himself began and edited The Sanner of Israel from 1877 to 1903, under the nom-de-plume of Philo-Israel. = Like Hine he gave his full time to the Identity liovement and must rank with him in his contribution to its eventual success. | . Douglas Onslow, J.P., a close associate of E. W. Bird, was vice-chairman and then rresident of the Imperial British-Israel Asso- ciation from 1879 to 1919, a total of forty years of active leadership. Archdeacon Jenis danan, D.D., first contributed to Bird's Banner in 1680, he obtained his D.D. degree in 1891 by writing a thesis on israel, and in collaboration with Dr. Alder Smith, M.3 ., F.R.C.S., produced Sritish-Israel Truth, a Handbook covering all the main argu- ments with chapters by Bird, Onslow, :ilner, lanan, Alder Smith and (1) parker, National .essage, July 17, 1948, pp. 237-8